Cyrillization of Korean

Korean writing systems
Hangul
Hanja
Mixed script
Braille
Transcription
Transliteration

The Cyrillization of Korean is the transcribing and transliterating the Korean language into the Cyrillic alphabet. The main cyrillization system in use is the Kontsevich system (Russian: Систе́ма Конце́вича, romanized: Sistema Kontsevicha, IPA: [sʲɪˈsʲtʲemə kɐnˈt͡sɛvʲɪt͡ɕə]). The Kontsevich system was created by the Soviet-Russian scholar Lev Kontsevich (Russian: Лев Конце́вич, IPA: [kɐnˈtsɛvʲɪtɕ]) in the 1950s based on the earlier transliteration system designed by Aleksandr Kholodovich [ru] (Russian: Алекса́ндр Холодо́вич, IPA: [ɐlʲɪkˈsandr xəlɐˈdovʲɪtɕ]).

Features

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Cyrillization systems for Korean were developed domestically in both North Korea (where it has been proposed to replace the current script in the past) and South Korea; Kontsevich carried out work on the systemization of these rules. In contrast with some systems of Romanization of Korean, the transcription is based primarily on the pronunciation of a word, rather than on its spelling.

Consonants

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Initial

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Hangul ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅅ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ ㄲ ㄸ ㅃ ㅆ ㅉ ㅇ
Cyrillic к н т р м п с ч чх кх тх пх х кк тт пп сс чч –
McCune–Reischauer k n t r m p s ch ch' k' t' p' h kk tt pp ss tch –
Revised Romanization g n d r m b s j ch k t p h kk tt pp ss jj –

Final

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Hangul ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅅ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ ㄲ ㄸ ㅃ ㅆ ㅉ ㅇ
Cyrillic к н т ль м п т т т к т п т к – – т – нъ
McCune–Reischauer k n t l m p t t t k t p t k – – t – ng
Revised Romanization k n t l m p t t t k t p t k – – t – ng

Medial consonant rules

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Some letters are transcribed differently in the middle of a word when following certain other letters.

Next initial
Previous
ending
 ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅅ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ ㅇ
к н т р м п с ч чх кх тх пх х –
ㄱ к кк нн кт нн нм кп кс кч кчх ккх ктх кпх кх г
ㄴ н нг нн нд лл нм нб нс ндж нчх нкх нтх нпх нх н
ㄹ ль льг лл льтт лл льм льб льсс льчч льчх лькх льтх льпх рх р
ㅁ м мг мн мд мн мм мб мс мдж мчх мкх мтх мпх мх м
ㅂ п пк мн пт мн мм пп пс пч пчх пкх птх ппх пх б
ㅇ нъ нг нн нд нн нм нб нс ндж нчх нкх нтх нпх нх нъ

Vowels

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Hangul ㅏ ㅑ ㅓ ㅕ ㅗ ㅛ ㅜ ㅠ ㅡ ㅣ ㅐ ㅒ ㅔ ㅖ ㅚ ㅟ ㅢ ㅘ ㅝ ㅙ ㅞ
Cyrillic а я о ё о ё у ю ы и э йя е йе/
-е		 ве ви ый/
-и		 ва во вэ ве
McCune–Reischauer a ya ŏ yŏ o yo u yu ŭ i ae yae e/
-ë		 ye oe wi ŭi wa wŏ wae we
Revised Romanization a ya eo yeo o yo u yu eu i ae yae e ye oe wi ui wa wo wae we

Examples

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English Hangul (Hanja) RR
(RR transliteration in parentheses) 		Kontsevich
(Latin transliteration in parentheses)
wall 벽 (壁) byeok
(byeog) 		пёк
(pyok)
on the wall 벽에 byeoge
(byeog-e) 		пёге
(pyoge)
outside
(uninflected) 		밖 bak
(bakk) 		пак
(pak)
outside 밖에 bakke
(bakk-e) 		пакке
(pakke)
kitchen 부엌 bueok
(bueok) 		пуок
(puok)
to the kitchen 부엌에 bueoke
(bueok-e) 		пуокхе
(puokhe)
Wikipedia 위키백과 wikibaekgwa
(wikibaeggwa) 		викхибэкква
(vikhibèkkva)
Hangul 한글 hangeul or han-geul
(han-geul) 		хангыль
(hangyl')
Hanja 한자 (漢字) hanja
(han-ja) 		ханчча
(hanchcha)
character, letter 글자 (㐎字) geulja
(geul-ja) 		кыльчча
(kyl'chcha)
easy 쉬운 swiun
(swiun) 		свиун
(sviun)
Four seasons are distinct. 사계절(四季節)이 뚜렷하다. Sagyejeori tturyeotada.
(Sa-gye-jeol-i ttu-lyeos-ha-da.) 		Сагеджори ттурётхада.
(Sagedzhori tturyothada)
Just check the line color and width you want. 원(願)하시는 선(線) 색(色)깔과 굵기에 체크하시면 됩니다. Wonhasineun seon saekkkalgwa gulgie chekeuhasimyeon doemnida.
(Won-ha-si-neun seon saeg-kkal-gwa gulg-gi-e che-keu-ha-si-myeon doeb-ni-da.) 		Вонхасинын сон сэкккальгва кульккие чхекхыхасимён твемнида.
(Vonhasinyn son sèkkal'gva kul'kkie chhekhyhasimyon tvemnida.)
Democratic People's Republic of Korea 조선민주주의인민공화국
(朝鮮民主主義人民共和國) 		Joseon Minjujuui Inmin Gonghwaguk
(Jo-seon Min-ju-ju-ui In-min Gong-hwa-gug)
 Чосон Минджуджуый Инмин Конхвагук
(Choson Mindzhudzhuyy Inmin Konhvaguk)

See also

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Notes

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Korean personal names are written by family name first, followed by a space and then the given name. As a rule, syllables in given names are not separated.

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