Daniel Kawczynski
Daniel Kawczynski | |
---|---|
![]() Official portrait, 2020 | |
Member of Parliament for Shrewsbury and Atcham | |
In office 5 May 2005 – 30 May 2024 | |
Preceded by | Paul Marsden |
Succeeded by | Julia Buckley |
Personal details | |
Born | Warsaw, Poland | 24 January 1972
Nationality | British |
Political party | Conservative |
Spouse | Fernando Lameu (m. 2019) |
Residence(s) | Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England |
Alma mater | University of Stirling |
Website | www |
Daniel Robert Kawczynski (Polish: Kawczyński [kaˈft͡ʂɨj̃skʲi]; born 24 January 1972) is a British politician who was a Conservative Party MP.
Kawczynski has served as Parliamentary Private Secretary at the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, a parliamentary aide to the former Welsh Secretary David Jones,[1] as well as serving as a member of the Foreign Affairs Select Committee and as Special Advisor to Prime Minister David Cameron on Central and Eastern Europe and on Central and Eastern Europeans living in the United Kingdom.[2] On 4 July 2024 Kawczynski lost to Labour candidate Julia Buckley in a historical electoral landslide for Labour in the constituency of Shrewsbury.[3]
Early life and education
[edit]Kawczynski was born on 24 January 1972 in Warsaw, Poland. His parents are Leonard and Halina Kawczynski, now Tipper.[4] He moved to Britain with his mother at the age of six.[5][6] He was educated at St George's College, Weybridge, an independent Roman Catholic school in Surrey, followed by Birmingham Polytechnic and then the University of Stirling where he studied Business Studies and French, graduating in 1994.[7][8] He served as president of the university's Conservative Association in 1991.
He worked in the business entertainment industry before he became an international account manager in the telecommunications industry, a position he held for ten years from 1994 to 2004. This role involved extensive travel in Europe, the Middle East and Africa.[4][8]
Parliamentary career
[edit]Kawczynski unsuccessfully stood as the Conservative Party candidate in the 2001 general election for Ealing Southall in London, coming second with 18% of the vote.[9] At the following general election he was selected as the Conservative Party candidate for the Shrewsbury and Atcham constituency. He was elected at the 2005 general election, succeeding the Labour MP Paul Marsden with 37.7% of the vote.[10]
Upon entering Parliament, Kawczynski established the Dairy All-Party Parliamentary Group to help milk farmers in his constituency.[11] He sat as a member of both the International Development Select Committee and the Justice Select Committee, but was criticised by the Birmingham Post in 2009 for failing to regularly attend the meetings of the Select Committees to which he had been appointed.[12] He was recorded as having attended only 12.5% of all Justice Select Committee meetings and 31.3% of International Development Select Committee meetings during the previous last Parliamentary session. He stated the figure for the international development committee was wrong and he had been unable to attend the justice committee meetings because they clashed.[12]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Daniel_Kawczynski%2C_May_2008.jpg/220px-Daniel_Kawczynski%2C_May_2008.jpg)
In 2007, Kawczynski signed an Early Day Motion that welcomed the "positive contribution made to the health of the nation by the NHS homeopathic hospitals".[13] In May 2008, he voted to lower the abortion time limit to 12 weeks,[14] and has said that he believes an abortion limit of 24 weeks is incompatible with the kind of "Christian society" he wishes to live in.[15] He voted against a House of Lords amendment to abolish the offences of blasphemy and blasphemous libel under common law.[16] In October 2009, he appeared on The Doha Debates as a delegate supporting the motion of "This house deplores the release of Lockerbie bomber Abdelbaset al-Megrahi".[17] In the wake of the Westminster Parliamentary Expenses scandal in 2009, he was ordered to repay £4000 for rent costs that he had over-claimed.[18] In 2010, he called for the ban on fox hunting to be repealed by the Conservative government.[19]
Kawczynski was re-elected at the 2010 general election with 43.9% of the vote.[20] In September 2012, he was appointed Parliamentary Private Secretary to the new Secretary of State for Wales, David Jones.[1] When Jones lost his role in 2014, Kawczynski became advisor to the Prime Minister David Cameron on Eastern and Central European Diaspora.[21] He voted in favour of same sex marriage in 2013, stating shortly afterwards that he was in a same-sex relationship. He was chair of the All-Party Group for Saudi Arabia between 2011 and 2016, and during his time as chairman he led delegations to the country.[22][23][24] He was chair of the All-Party Group for Libya but that group has now ceased to exist.[25]
In October 2013, Kawczynski reportedly told a one-legged drug addict in a wheelchair who was begging outside the Houses of Parliament to 'get a job'. Kawczynski said he had offered the beggar "useful advice", stating: "He asked me for money so I asked him what he was doing to find a job. He had difficulties in literacy and numeracy. I told him there were government initiatives to help him with this."[26][27][28]
Kawczynski held his seat in the 2015 general election.[29] In the 2016 Conservative Party leadership election, he supported Michael Gove.[30] He was re-elected in the 2017 general election. He stated that he was against efforts to replace Theresa May but criticised her government for granting too many concessions to the EU. He opposed the preservation of a customs union.[31]
It was reported in early November 2017 that Kawczynski had been reprimanded in front of witnesses by Eleanor Laing, the Conservative MP and deputy speaker, for asking a young researcher employed by Laing to go on a date with a rich businessman contact of his who was "older than her father".[32] According to Channel 4 News, the incident occurred in January 2013 and was preceded by an intermediary making the same approach several times. The Daily Telegraph, reported that Kawczynski had been referred to the Conservative party's new disciplinary committee. He admitted to the incident, but rejected the accusation of inappropriate conduct.[33]
Kawczynski expressed support for a prospective leadership bid by Jacob Rees-Mogg in 2018.[34] From February 2018, he was paid £6,000 per month by the Electrum Group, a New York City-based investment, advisory and asset management firm owned by Thomas Kaplan. He described his association with the firm as a job he would work in his spare time.[35]
In February 2020, Kawczynski generated controversy for sharing a platform with right-wing populist politicians including Hungarian prime minister Viktor Orbán and the former deputy prime minister of Italy Matteo Salvini, at a conference organised by the Edmund Burke Foundation.[36] Labour MP Andrew Gwynne called for Kawczynski to be suspended from Parliament,[37] and he received additional criticism from some within the Conservative Party.[38] Kawczynski responded in an article published in The Spectator stating that his reason for attending the conference was to make the case for nation states against European federalism.[39]
Saudi Arabia
[edit]In 2015, Kawczynski was described as a strong supporter of the Saudi Arabian government.[40] On a visit to Saudi Arabia, he told then defence minister Salman Al Saud that he was proud of the ongoing military cooperation between the two countries. He later said that he was writing "the most pro-Saudi book ever written by a British politician" and that he had been "battling against extraordinary ignorance and prejudice against Saudi Arabia for many years".[40]
During an appearance on Newsnight in September 2018, Kawczynski defended the Saudi regime's approach to the war in Yemen and accused the BBC of bias against the Gulf coalition. He said that less coverage had been given to atrocities committed by the Houthis, and called it "an extremely complicated war."[41] He threatened legal action after its editor Ian Katz suggested his opinion on the issue might be linked to the size of the budget for his expenses on trips to Saudi Arabia.[42]
In December 2021, journalists gained access to some of Kawczynski's WhatsApp messages where he described himself as the most "pro-Saudi" MP, and that Saudi leader, Mohammed bin Salman, "has stated that Saudi has no better friend in UK than me". Kawczynski was seeking through an agent a well-paid second job with a Saudi or other Middle East company. He arranged to meet a potential Saudi employer in parliament, and also arranged to meet the agent in his parliamentary office. He also wrote that he was disillusioned with Westminster politics and would like in due course to become UK Ambassador to Saudi Arabia.[43][44] He was subsequently reported to the parliamentary commissioner for standards.[45]
Constituency
[edit]In 2019 the Shropshire Star reported that Kawczynski's top three priorities for his new term in office were "adult social care, modernising the county's hospitals and tackling climate change."[46] The newspaper also quoted Kawczynski's concern that Shropshire Council was facing "intolerable financial pressures when it came to funding care for older people" and, in his view, "the Conservative Party should use its majority to find a fair solution to the problem."[46]
Bullying of parliamentary staff
[edit]In June 2021, Kawczynski made an apology from the floor of the House of Commons for bullying two members of parliamentary staff in April 2020. The incident occurred after Kawczynski was unable to join a virtual meeting due to "technical difficulties" and afterwards he was "rude, aggressive and impatient" to staff members and made "critical and untruthful comments" about them in a WhatsApp group. The investigation found that he had "consumed a significant amount of alcohol" on the day in question.[47] He accepted that his conduct "constituted bullying, and as such was entirely inexcusable."[48] He was ordered to make the apology by the Independent Expert Panel chaired by Sir Stephen Irwin, following receipt of a report by the Parliamentary Standards Commissioner.[49][50] The Commissioner, Kathryn Stone, determined that Kawczynski had "... acted in an intimidatory and threatening manner towards the Complainants, and abused his power as a Member of Parliament by behaving in the manner and by making exaggerated and malicious claims regarding the poor performance of the Complainants. He appealed but a second panel found the sanction was "proper and proportionate".[47][51][52]
In November 2021, The Times reported that Stone was again investigating Kawczynski after he admitted that he only apologised to the House of Commons to avoid being suspended.[53] In January 2022, Kawczynski was suspended from the House of Commons for one day for his bullying in April 2020 and the manner of apology in June 2021. This was shortened due to mental health difficulties he faced at the time of the incident.[54]
Anglo-Polish relations
[edit]Since becoming the chair of the All-Party Parliamentary Group on Poland in 2014, Kawczynski has supported a range of enterprises from his constituency in seeking business partners and export markets in Poland and other Central and Eastern European countries, offering support and advice.[55] He had been a frequent visitor to the British Polish Chamber of Commerce in Warsaw where he often spoke of the importance of trade between Poland and the United Kingdom.
In 2016, Kawczynski was distinguished as an "Outstanding Pole Abroad of 2016" for his efforts in promoting trade and political relations between the United Kingdom and his country of birth.[56] In 2017, he joined calls for Germany to pay war reparations for crimes committed against the Allies and for the destruction of Poland during the Second World War. On 15 October 2017, he sent a letter to German Chancellor Angela Merkel urging her to stop demanding money from the UK during the Brexit negotiations and pay Poland.[57] In 2019, he said that he had asked the Polish Government to veto any requests for an extension of the Article 50 period that might be made by the UK Government.[58][59]
In late 2021, a Freedom of Information request from the media showed that Kawczynski had claimed nearly £22,000 in expenses between 2016 and 2021 for Polish language lessons, despite Polish being his native tongue and his claiming to be a fluent speaker.[60] Kawczynski said that while he was able to converse in Polish, his reading and writing skills had been limited.[61]
European Union
[edit]Kawczynski is a supporter of Brexit and a former member of the European Research Group, which he left in April 2019.[62] In September 2018 he claimed on Twitter that EU lemon growers are inefficient, and that the EU imposed tariffs on the import of fruit from non-EU Mediterranean countries, causing higher prices to consumers. Both claims were refuted.[63][64] On 2 February 2019, Kawczynski tweeted, in the context of a complaint about certain attitudes of the European Union, that, "Britain helped to liberate half of Europe. She mortgaged herself up to eye balls in process. No Marshall Plan for us only for Germany. We gave up war reparations in 1990. We put £370 billion into EU since we joined. Watch the way ungrateful EU treats us now. We will remember." It was pointed out that Britain received 26% of Marshall Plan aid, more than any other country.[65][66] He apologised for the inaccuracy.[67] He later clarified his point by saying that Britain had stood alone for much of the war, and in his view, "the massive loans that Britain had to take out during the war from America outweighed the benefits of the aid received."[67]
Morocco
[edit]In May 2024, following a trip to Morocco sponsored by the Moroccan embassy in London, Kawczynski introduced a debate in the House of Commons on the question of recognizing Western Sahara as Moroccan, advocating such recognition.[68]
Personal life
[edit]In 2000, Kawczynski married; he divorced in 2011.[69] In June 2013, he announced to his Conservative Association that his new partner was a Brazilian male.[70] He was the second MP in Britain to come out as bisexual, the first being Liberal Democrat Simon Hughes.[71][72] He married his Brazilian partner of eight years, Fernando Lameu, on 9 November 2019, in a civil partnership ceremony in the House of Commons.[73][74] Kawczynski is a practising Catholic and as a young man had prayed to become heterosexual.[75]
In 2010, his book, Seeking Gaddafi: Libya, the West and the Arab Spring, about Muammar Gaddafi of Libya, was published by Dialogue,[76] with a paperback edition published in 2011 by Biteback Publishing.[77]
When he was first elected, in 2005, Kawczynski became Britain's tallest ever MP, at 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m).[78][79]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Cornock, David (10 September 2012). "David Jones appoints English MP as his 'eyes and ears'". BBC News.
- ^ "Shrewsbury's MP Daniel Kawczynski relishing his new advisory role for David Cameron". Shropshire Star. Retrieved 28 August 2014.
- ^ "Losing Tory Daniel Kawczynski hails his record as Shrewsbury's MP". BBC.com. BBC. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
- ^ a b "Kawczynski, Daniel, (born 24 Jan. 1972), MP (C) Shrewsbury and Atcham, since 2005". WHO'S WHO & WHO WAS WHO. 2007. doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U45508. ISBN 978-0-19-954088-4. Retrieved 25 May 2020.
- ^ Andy McSmith (14 October 2015). "Daniel Kawczynski: 'Honorable member for Saudi Arabia' up in arms over prison training reversal". independent.co.uk. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
- ^ "Shrewsbury MP Daniel Kawczynski building links with his Polish homeland". Shropshire Star. 29 July 2015. Retrieved 16 June 2016.
- ^ Which Tory went where?, The Guardian, 1 Jun 2007
- ^ a b "Daniel Robert Kawczynski". Politics.co.uk. Archived from the original on 28 May 2014. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
- ^ "Ealing Southall". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 22 October 2008. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
- ^ "Shrewsbury and Atcham". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 4 July 2008. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
- ^ "APPG for Dairy Farmers to meet with farmer co-ops - Farming UK News". Farminguk.com. Retrieved 12 January 2019.
- ^ a b "Erdington and Shrewsbury MPs under-fire for non-attendance". Birmingham Post. 9 April 2009.
- ^ "Early day motion 1240: NHS Homeopathic Hospitals". Parliament.uk. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
- ^ "Human Fertilisation and Embryology Bill – Change abortion limit from 24 weeks to 12 weeks – rejected". The Public Whip. 28 May 2008.
- ^ "BBC News: MP Daniel Kawczynski interviewed on cabinet ministers' support for cut in abortion time limit". Christian Concern. 7 October 2012.
- ^ "Criminal Justice and Immigration Bill: Blasphemy". The Public Whip. 6 May 2008.
- ^ Walker, Tim (19 May 2009). "Daniel Kawczynski enters the den of very mad dog". The Daily Telegraph.
- ^ "Expenses claim figures are 'skewed' says MP Daniel Kawczynski". Shropshire Star. 13 September 2009. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
- ^ Bowcott, Owen (29 April 2010). "Hunting ban should be repealed early in Conservative government, says Tory MP". The Guardian. London.
- ^ "Shrewsbury & Atcham". BBC. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
- ^ "Shrewsbury's MP Daniel Kawczynski relishing his new advisory role for David Cameron". Shropshirestar.com. 26 August 2014. Retrieved 12 January 2019.
- ^ Commons, The Committee Office, House of. "House of Commons - Register Of All-Party Groups as at 30 March 2015: Saudi Arabia". Publications.parliament.uk.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Commons, The Committee Office, House of. "House of Commons - Register Of All-Party Groups as at 30 July 2015 : Contents". Publications.parliament.uk.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Daniel leads All Party Parliamentary Delegation to Saudi Arabia". daniel4shrewsbury.co.uk. Archived from the original on 2 March 2014. Retrieved 26 February 2014.
- ^ "Daniel meets Former Libyan Head of State". daniel4shrewsbury.co.uk. Archived from the original on 3 September 2014. Retrieved 28 August 2014.
- ^ "Tory MP tells one legged-beggar to get a job". The Daily Telegraph. 21 October 2013.
- ^ "One-legged drug addict beggar names and shames Tory MP Daniel Kawczynski who told him to 'get a job'". The Independent. 21 October 2013.
- ^ "Daniel Kawczynski, Tory MP, Tells One-Legged Beggar To 'Get A Job'". The Huffington Post. 21 October 2013.
- ^ "Live UK election results". The Guardian. Retrieved 8 May 2015.
- ^ Walker, Jonathan (30 June 2016). "Oops! MP Daniel Kawczynski backs 'Michael Grove' for Tory leader". Birminghammail.co.uk. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
- ^ We Have Given Away too Much, Says U.K. Conservative Lawmaker Kawczynski, 15 November 2018, archived from the original on 13 December 2021, retrieved 25 October 2021
- ^ Wheeler, Caroline (5 November 2017). "Daniel Poulter, Tory former minister, accused of putting hand up MPs' skirts". The Sunday Times. Retrieved 5 November 2017. (subscription required)
- ^ Hughes, Laura (5 November 2017). "Third Tory MP referred to party's investigation committee". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 5 November 2017.
- ^ "Theresa May not an 'authentic Brexiteer' and could 'destabilise' Conservatives 'like never before' - MP". Sky News. 23 May 2018.
- ^ Todman, Lucy (27 March 2018). "Shrewsbury MP Daniel Kawczynski hits back after taking second job". Shropshire Star.
- ^ Syal, Rajeev; Giuffrida, Angela (4 February 2020). "Tories under pressure over MP who spoke at event with far-right figures". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 5 February 2020.
- ^ "MP criticised for attending 'far-right' conference". BBC News. 4 February 2020. Retrieved 5 February 2020.
- ^ Rajeev Syal (6 February 2020). "Tory MP told by party attendance at far-right event 'unacceptable'". The Guardian. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
- ^ Kawczynski, Daniel (3 February 2020). "Why I'm going to the National Conservatism conference in Rome". The Spectator. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
- ^ a b "The 'Honorable member for Saudi Arabia' up in arms over prison training reversal". Independent.co.uk. 14 October 2015.
- ^ James O'Brien grills Daniel Kawczynski MP on Saudi arms sales - BBC Newsnight, 11 September 2015, archived from the original on 13 December 2021, retrieved 25 October 2021
- ^ Johnston, Ian (September 2015). "Daniel Kawczynski: Tory MP considers legal action after 'patronising' BBC Newsnight interview". The Independent. Retrieved 9 February 2017.
- ^ Waterson, Jim; Lawrence, Felicity (15 December 2021). "Tory MP needing 'to pay school fees' pleaded for lucrative Middle East work". The Guardian. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
- ^ Grylls, George (16 December 2021). "Tory MP begged for Saudi consultancy work 'to pay school fees'". The Times. London. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
- ^ "Tory MP who pleaded for Saudi work reported to standards watchdog". the Guardian. 16 December 2021.
- ^ a b Andrews, Mark (18 December 2019). "Shrewsbury MP Daniel Kawczynski outlines priorities for new term". Shropshire Star. Retrieved 23 November 2021.
- ^ a b Aubrey Allegretti (14 June 2021). "Tory MP told to apologise for 'intimidatory' behaviour". The Guardian. Retrieved 14 June 2021.
- ^ Daniel Kawczynski apologises for bullying parliamentary staff, 14 June 2021, archived from the original on 13 December 2021, retrieved 25 October 2021
- ^ "The Independent Expert Panel: The Conduct of Mr Daniel Kawczynski MP" (PDF). House of Commons. 14 June 2021. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
- ^ "UK Conservative MP ordered to apologize for bullying Commons staff". Politico. 14 June 2021. Retrieved 31 December 2021.
- ^ "Tory MP apologises for bullying parliamentary staff". The Independent. 14 June 2021.
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- ^ Courea, Eleni (10 November 2021). "Daniel Kawczynski: MP paid £250,000 by mining company". The Times. Archived from the original on 10 November 2021. Retrieved 5 January 2022.
- ^ "Shrewsbury MP Daniel Kawczynski suspended for one day over bullying". BBC News. 19 January 2022. Retrieved 20 January 2022.
- ^ "MP Daniel Kawczynski: MP's Offer of Help with Export for Shropshire Businesses". Loveshrewsbury.com. Retrieved 20 December 2014.
- ^ "Wybitni Polacy w Wielkiej Brytanii 2016 nagrodzeni". Pangeamagazine.com. Archived from the original on 22 May 2017. Retrieved 2 June 2017.
- ^ "Shrewsbury's MP calls for Germany to pay $1trillion war reparations to Poland". Shropshirestar.com. 17 October 2017. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
- ^ "Calls for Shrewsbury MP to publish Brexit letter to Polish government". Shropshirestar.com. 24 January 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2019.
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- ^ Pogrund, Gabriel. "No one could say he lacks Polish" – via www.thetimes.co.uk.
- ^ Austin, Sue (4 January 2022). "Shrewsbury MP Daniel Kawczynski defends taxpayer-funded Polish lessons". www.shropshirestar.com.
- ^ @DKShrewsbury (8 April 2019). "Have decided to resign from ERG. Despite excellent Chairmanship by @Jacob_Rees_Mogg who has accommodated all views I can no longer be a member of caucas [sic] which is preventing WA4 from passing. Hardcore element of 'Unicorn' dreamers now actually endangering #Brexit" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ Jasmine Andersson (25 September 2018). "Brexiteer MP who tweeted about 'EU protectionist racket' while clutching lemons left sour after being schooled by an expert". inews.co.uk. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
- ^ "Pro-Brexit MP ends up looking like a bit of a lemon..." ITV News. 25 September 2018. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
- ^ Khan, Shehab (3 February 2019). "Pro-Brexit Tory MP criticised over false statements about Europe and Britain after Second World War". The Independent.
- ^ "Pro-Brexit MP makes 'totally false' claim about Europe after WW2 on Twitter". Shropshire Star. 2 February 2019.
- ^ a b "Tory MP finally admits he was wrong about Britain not receiving aid after Second World War". The Independent. 15 February 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
- ^ https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2024-05-08/debates/7EEC4532-B8AC-4814-B703-01AB9C8A2CA0/RecognitionOfWesternSaharaAsMoroccan
- ^ "Kawczynski, Daniel, (born 24 Jan. 1972), MP (C) Shrewsbury and Atcham, since 2005". Who's Who. 2007. doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.45508.
- ^ "Divorced Conservative MP: 'I've fallen in love with a man'". www.telegraph.co.uk. 30 June 2013.
- ^ Legge, James (30 June 2013). "Tory MP Daniel Kawczynski comes out as bisexual". The Independent. London.
- ^ Cohen, Benjamin (26 January 2006). "Simon Hughes: "I'm bisexual"". PinkNews. Retrieved 19 June 2020.
- ^ Jones, Aimee (10 November 2019). "Daniel Kawczynski marries long-term partner in House of Commons ceremony". Shropshire Star. Retrieved 19 June 2020.
- ^ Kawczynski, Daniel [@DKShrewsbury] (8 November 2019). "Tomorrow I get married to my Brazilian partner of 8 years Fernando Lameu. This evening spent night with 20 Jewish friends in Finchley for special meal. One of the best aspects of our island nation story is how we have welcomed people from all over world to join us. @ShrewsburyChron" (Tweet). Retrieved 19 June 2020 – via Twitter.
- ^ Andrews, Mark (5 September 2019). "MP talks about anguish of his sexuality". Shropshire Star. Retrieved 20 February 2021.
- ^ Seeking Gaddafi. Dialogue. 2010. ISBN 9781906447052.
- ^ Kawczynski, Daniel (31 October 2011). Seeking Gaddafi: Libya, the West and the Arab Spring. Biteback Publishing. ISBN 9781849542616 – via Google Books.
- ^ "Conservative MP 'is tallest ever'". 21 June 2005. Retrieved 1 January 2023 – via news.bbc.co.uk.
- ^ McShane, Asher (29 June 2023). "'Raising concerns': Photo of PM Rishi Sunak next to UK's tallest MP Dan Kawczynski goes viral". lbc.co.uk. Retrieved 1 January 2023.
External links
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