Diminazene
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Trade names | Azidin, Berenil, Ganasag, Pirocide |
Other names | 4,4'-(1-Triazene-1,3-diyl)bis(benzenecarboximidamide) |
Routes of administration | IM, SC |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.007.860 |
Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C14H15N7 |
Molar mass | 281.323 g·mol−1 |
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Diminazene (INN; also known as diminazen) is an anti-infective medication for animals that is sold under a variety of brand names. It is effective against certain protozoa such as Babesia, Trypanosoma, and Cytauxzoon. The drug may also be effective against certain bacteria including Brucella and Streptococcus.[1][2]
Chemically it is a di-amidine and it is formulated as its aceturate salt, diminazene aceturate.
The mechanism is not well understood; it probably inhibits DNA replication,[1] but also has affinity to RNA.
Side effects
[edit]Acute side effects include vomiting, diarrhea, and hypotension (low blood pressure). Diminazen can harm the liver, kidneys and brain, which is potentially life-threatening; camels are especially susceptible to these effects.[1]
Resistance
[edit]The Gibe River Valley in southwest Ethiopia showed universal resistance between July 1989 and February 1993.[3] This likely indicates a permanent loss of function in this area against the tested target, T. congolense isolated from Boran cattle.[3]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Peregrine AS, Mamman M (September 1993). "Pharmacology of diminazene: a review". Acta Tropica. 54 (3–4): 185–203. doi:10.1016/0001-706X(93)90092-P. PMID 7902657.
- ^ Mungube EO, Vitouley HS, Allegye-Cudjoe E, Diall O, Boucoum Z, Diarra B, et al. (August 2012). "Detection of multiple drug-resistant Trypanosoma congolense populations in village cattle of south-east Mali". Parasites & Vectors. 5: 155. doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-155. PMC 3432589. PMID 22852796.
- ^ a b Mulugeta W, Wilkes J, Mulatu W, Majiwa PA, Masake R, Peregrine AS (April 1997). "Long-term occurrence of Trypanosoma congolense resistant to diminazene, isometamidium and homidium in cattle at Ghibe, Ethiopia". Acta Tropica. 64 (3–4). Elsevier BV: 205–217. doi:10.1016/s0001-706x(96)00645-6. PMID 9107367. S2CID 23878484.