Electrocardiophone

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An electrocardiophone and cardiophone is a musical instrument or diagnostic tool^[1] which uses heart waves (measured in the same way as an ECG) to generate or modulate sounds.

James Fung, Ariel Garten, and Steve Mann (~2003) have created a wide variety of underwater biophone systems that use physiological signals to control different musical variables in an intricate way, as well as to actually generate sounds, including underwater ECG and EEG concerts.^[2]

The electrocardiophone is a quintephone in the sense that it creates sound from the "5th classical element" (i.e. from beyond the world of matter).

The electrocardiophone is related to the electroencephalophone. In addition to sound-production, regenerative brainwave musical performances use brainwave interfaces to modify or manipulate or play along with sounds of other instruments in a live performance context.

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  Preparing for underwater and water-based biophone concert: connecting ECG electrodes for electrocardiophone
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  Electroencephalophone as part of live performance. Using brainwaves the quintist directly interfaces to a music synthesizer, playing along with the other band members. A closed-loop system functions analogously with a regenerative receiver.

• Electroencephalophone

• A LOW COST ELECTROCARDIOPHONE FOR TEACHING PURPOSES

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