French
DeutschErckmann-Chatrian
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Erckmann-Chatrian was the name used by French authors Émile Erckmann (1822–1899) and Alexandre Chatrian (1826–1890), nearly all of whose works were jointly written.[1]
History
[edit]Both Erckmann and Chatrian were born in the département of Meurthe (now Moselle), in the Lorraine region in the extreme north-east of France. They specialised in military fiction and ghost stories in a rustic mode [2] Lifelong friends who first met in the spring of 1847, they finally quarreled during the mid-1880s, after which they did not produce any more stories jointly. During 1890 Chatrian died, and Erckmann wrote a few pieces under his own name.[2]
Many of Erckmann-Chatrian's works were translated into English by Adrian Ross.[3]
Tales of supernatural horror by the duo that are well known in English include "The Wild Huntsman" (tr. 1871), "The Man-Wolf" (tr. 1876)[4] and "The Crab Spider." These stories received praise from the renowned English ghost story writer, M. R. James,[1] as well as H. P. Lovecraft.[2]
Erckmann-Chatrian wrote numerous historical novels, some of which attacked the Second Empire in anti-monarchist terms.[5] Partly as a result of their republicanism, they were praised by Victor Hugo and Émile Zola, and fiercely attacked in the pages of Le Figaro. Gaining popularity from 1859 for their nationalistic, anti-militaristic and anti-German sentiments, they were well-selling authors but had trouble with political censorship throughout their careers. Generally the novels were written by Erckmann, and the plays mostly by Chatrian.
A festival in their honour is held every summer in the town of Erckmann's birth, Phalsbourg (German Pfalzburg), which also contains a military museum exhibiting editions of their works.
Works
[edit]
First works
[edit]Many of these were not published until the 1860s.
- Malédiction; Vin rouge et vin blanc (1849)
- L’Alsace en 1814, play (1850)
- Science et génie, fantasy story (1850)
- Schinderhannes ou les Brigands des Vosges (1852)
- Le Bourgmestre en bouteille (by Erckmann, 1856)
- L’Illustre Docteur Mathéus (1856)
- Contes fantastiques: Le Requiem du corbeau, Rembrandt et L’Œil invisible (1857)
- Gretchen et La Pie (1858)
From 1859
[edit]- Les Lunettes de Hans Schnaps (1859)
- Le Rêve du cousin Elof (1859)
- La Montre du doyen (1859)
- Hans Storkus (1859)
- Les Trois âmes (1859)
- Hugues-le-loup (1859) – this notable tale of a werewolf has been translated into English as "The Man-Wolf" (1876)
- La Tresse Noire (1859)
- Contes de la montagne; Contes fantastiques (1860)
- Maître Daniel Rock (1861)
- Le Fou Yégof (1861)
- L’Invasion ou le Fou Yégof (1862)
- Les Contes du bord du Rhin (1862)
- Confidences d’un joueur de clarinette (1862)
- Madame Thérèse (1863)
- La Taverne du jambon de Mayence (1863)
- Confidences d’un joueur de clarinette (1863)
- Les Amoureux de Catherine (1863)
- Histoire d’un conscrit de 1813 (1864)
- L’Ami Fritz (1864)
- Waterloo (sequel to Conscrit de 1813, 1865)
- Histoire d’un homme du peuple (1865)
- La Maison forestière (1866)
- La Guerre (1866)
- Le Blocus (1866)
- Contes et romans populaires (1867)
- Le Juif polonais, play (1867)
- Histoire d’un paysan (1867)
After the Franco-Prussian War
[edit]- Histoire du plébiscite racontée par un des 7 500 000 oui, essay (1871)
- Lettre d’un électeur à son député, pamphlet against reactionaries (1871)
- Les Deux Frères (1871)
- Histoire d’un sous-maître (1871)
- Une campagne en Kabylie (1873)
- Les Années de collège de Maître Nablot (1874)
- Le Brigadier Frédéric, histoire d’un Français chassé par les Allemands (1874)
- Maître Gaspard Fix, histoire d’un conservateur (1875)
- L’Education d’un féodal (1875)
- L’Intérêt des paysans, lettre d’un cultivateur aux paysans de France, essay (1876)
- Contes et romans alsaciens (1876)
- Souvenirs d’un ancien chef de chantier à l’isthme de Suez (1876)
- Les Amoureux de Catherine and L’Ami Fritz, plays (adapted by Chatrian, 1877)
- Contes vosgiens (1877)
- Alsace ou les fiancés d’Alsace, play (adapted by Chatrian from Histoire du plébiscite, 1880)
- Le Grand-père Lebigre (1880)
- Les Vieux de la vieille (1880)
- Quelques mots sur l’esprit humain, résumé de la philosophie d’Erckmann, essay (1880)
- Le Banni (sequel to Le Brigadier Frédéric, 1881)
- La Taverne des Trabans, play (adapted from La Taverne du jambon de Mayence, 1881)
- Les Rantzau, play (adapted from Deux Frères, 1882)
- Madame Thérèse, play (adapted by Chatrian, 1882)
- Le Banni (1882)
- Le Fou Chopine, play (adapted from Gretchen, 1883)
- Époques mémorables de l’Histoire de France: avant ’89 (1884)
- Myrtille, play (1885)
- L’Art et les grands idéalistes, essay (1885)
- Pour les enfants, essay (published 1888)
English translations
[edit]- The Man-Wolf and Other Tales (1876, rpt 1976)
- Strange Stories (1880)
- The Count of Nideck (1897), translated by Ralph Browning Fiske
- Best Tales of Terror (1980) edited by Hugh Lamb
References
[edit]- ^ a b Mary Ellen Snodgrass, Encyclopedia of Gothic Literature. New York, Facts on File (2004). ISBN 0816055289 (p.104)
- ^ a b c Hugh Lamb, "Erckmann-Chatrian", in Jack Sullivan, The Penguin Encyclopedia of Horror and the Supernatural, New York City, U.S. : Viking, 1986. ISBN 0670809020 (pp. 144–5)
- ^ Richard Dalby "Introduction", to Adrian Ross, The Hole of the Pit: And by One, by Two and by Three. The Oleander Press, 2013 ISBN 0900891866 (p. 10.)
- ^ Chantal Bourgault du Coudray, The Curse of the Werewolf: Fantasy, Horror and the Beast Within. I.B.Tauris, 2006 ISBN 1845111583, (pp. 45–6).
- ^ "The duo of Émile Erckmann and Alexander Chatrian, who had criticized the Second Empire through novels set in the Revolution such as Madame Thérèse (1863)"...Christopher Hill, National History and the World of Nations: Capital, State, and the Rhetoric of History in Japan, France, and the United States. Duke University Press, 2008 ISBN 0822389150, (p. 238).
Bibliography
[edit]- Benoît-Guyod, G. La Vie et l'Œuvre d'Erckmann-Chatrian. Témoignages et documents. Tome 14, Jean-Jacques Pauvert, Paris, 1963.
- Hinzelin, Émile. Erckmann-Chatrian. Étude biographique et littéraire. J. Ferenczi et fils, Paris, 1922.
- Schoumacker, L. Erckmann-Chatrian. Étude biographique et critique d'après des documents inédits. Les Belles-Lettres, Paris, 1933.
External links
[edit]- Erckmann-Chatrian, first Website entirely dedicated to the Lives and Works of Erckmann-Chatrian (in French).
- Works by Erckmann-Chatrian at Project Gutenberg
- Works by or about Erckmann-Chatrian at the Internet Archive
