Etenna

37°00′06″N 31°26′57″E / 37.00167°N 31.44917°E / 37.00167; 31.44917

Map of the Etenna area in 1520, Etinna is in the hills behind Side.

Etenna (Ancient Greek: Ἔτεννα) was a city in the late Roman province of Pamphylia Prima. Centuries earlier, it was reckoned as belonging to Pisidia, as by Polybius, who wrote that in 218 BC the people of Etenna "who live in the highlands of Pisidia above Side" provided 8000 hoplites to assist the Seleucid usurper Achaeus.[1][2]

Coinage

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A coin from Etenna.

There is no other mention of Etenna in extant documents until the record of the participation of bishops of Etenna in the ecumenical councils of the 4th century AD and later. However, there are examples of its fine silver coinage of the 4th and 3rd century BC and of its bronze coins dating from the 1st century BC to the 3rd century AD.[3][4]

Bishopric

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The Christian bishopric of Etenna was ecclesiastically a suffragan of the metropolitan see of Side, the capital of the province of Pamphylia Secunda. Known Bishops include:

Seeing Etenna as no longer a residential bishopric, the Catholic Church lists it as a titular see.[8] Although the area around Etenna was never actually of Catholic confession Among the titular bishops of Etenna were

The town and bishopric of Cotenna, also given as belonging to the Roman province of Pamphylia Prima, is by some reckoned to be the same as Etenna, but appears in the Notitiae Episcopatuum side by side with Etenna and distinct.[7][10]

Remains

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On the basis of the preponderance of locally minted coins Etenna and the presence of potsherds of the Classical period in Greece, unusual inland elsewhere, Etenna has been identified with the rather nondescript ruins on a steep hillslope 250–500 metres north of the modern village of Sirt, which lies north of Manavgat, Antalya Province, Turkey. They have not been systematically excavated, but include remains of city walls, a roofed reservoir, baths, two basilicas, a church and rock tombs.[3][4]

The identification of Etenna with Gölcük, near the modern village of Sarraçlı, further east beyond the river Melas, is considered less likely.[3][4]

References

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  1. ^ Polybius 5, 73, 3 (English translation)
  2. ^ a b Michel Lequien, Oriens christianus in quatuor Patriarchatus digestus, Paris 1740, Vol. I, coll. 1003-1004
  3. ^ a b c G.E. Bean, "Etenna (Sirt) Turkey" in The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites (Princeton University Press 1976)
  4. ^ a b c "Etenna". Encyclopaedia of the Hellenic World. Retrieved 20 January 2015.
  5. ^ Richard Price, Michael Gaddis, The Acts of the Council of Chalcedon(Liverpool University Press) p230.
  6. ^ Pius Bonifacius Gams, Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae, Leipzig 1931, p. 450
  7. ^ a b "Ἔτεννα (Etenna)". Ἱερὰ Μητρόπολις Πισιδίας. Retrieved 20 January 2015.
  8. ^ Annuario Pontificio 2013 (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013 ISBN 978-88-209-9070-1), p. 891
  9. ^ Catholic Hierarchy
  10. ^ William M. Ramsay, The Historical Geography of Asia Minor (Adegi Graphics LLC, 2013, ISBN 9780543013651, replica of the 1890 edition)

Further reading

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  • Gernot Lang: Classical ancient sites in Anatolia. Books on Demand, 2003 ISBN 3833000686, pp 364–368 (Excerpts from Google Books).
  • Johannes Nollé: Zur Geschichte der Stadt Etenna in Pisidien. In: Elmar Schwertheim (Ed.): Forschungen in Pisidien. Habelt, Bonn 1992, pp. 61–141.
  • Peter Weiß: Etenna. In: Der Neue Pauly (DNP). Vol. 4, Metzler, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-476-01474-6.
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