European Club Association

European Club Association
PredecessorG-14 and European Club Forum[1]
FormationJanuary 2008; 16 years ago (2008-01)
TypeSports organization
HeadquartersSwitzerland Nyon, Switzerland
Membership
704 clubs[2]
Qatar Nasser Al-Khelaifi
AffiliationsUEFA
Websiteecaeurope.com

The European Club Association (ECA) is officially recognized by both UEFA and FIFA as the sole, independent body for football clubs at European level. Since its inception in 2008, ECA has represented and created value for its membership and beyond, safeguarding, strengthening and developing European clubs’ interests as the key club stakeholder in all international football affairs and decision-making.

History

[edit]

Formed on the merge of the G-14 group with the European Club Forum, a task force created by UEFA in 2002 that reuned 102 member clubs,[1] in January 2008, as from the 2017–19 membership cycle, the European Club Association represented 232 clubs, made up of 109 Ordinary Members and 123 Associated Members, with at least one from each of the 55 national associations. The precise number of Ordinary Member clubs from each member association will be established every two years at the end of the UEFA season on the basis of the UEFA ranking of its member associations according to the following principles:

National Association position
in UEFA ranking 		Number of ECA
Ordinary Member clubs
1 to 3 5
4 to 6 4
7 to 15 3
16 to 28 2
29 to 55 1

Karl-Heinz Rummenigge was the acting chairman[3][4] before officially being elected chairman of the ECA when its 103 members met for the first time on the 7–8 July 2008 at UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland.[5]

In addition to replacing the G-14, which was dissolved in favour of the ECA on 15 February 2008,[6] the new ECA also replaces UEFA's European Club Forum (of which Karl-Heinz Rummenigge was also chairman).[7][8] The European Club Forum utilized a similar membership selection process as the European Club Association, with 102 members picked every two years.[9]

In April 2021 following the announcement of the European Super League, several of the clubs involved resigned from the ECA. The ECA had criticised the formation of the new league.[10] On 7 May 2021, UEFA approved reintegration measures for nine clubs involved in that breakaway competition.[11]

After the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the ECA suspended its seven Russian members - Zenit St Petersburg, FC Spartak Moscow, Lokomotiv Moscow, CSKA Moscow, FC Krasnodar, Rubin Kazan, and FC Rostov.[12]

As of March 2023, there were 512 ECA members including 135 ordinary, 169 associated in addition to 208 network clubs and 40 women's clubs.[13] On 1 June 2024, it was reported that Juventus would rejoin the ECA starting from July, following their withdrawal as part of the Super League project in 2021.[14]

Structure

[edit]

At the creation of the European Club Association in January 2008, it was agreed that a transitional ECA Board would represent ECA and its 16 founding members until the next General Assembly met at the end of the season, when elections for a new executive board would be held. It was decided that the ECA Board would comprise eleven members, in addition to the four representatives appointed by the executive board to the UEFA Professional Football Strategy Council. The European Club Association will also provide half of the members of the UEFA Club Competitions Committee.[4]

The transitional ECA Board was Karl-Heinz Rummenigge (chairman; Bayern Munich), Joan Laporta (Vice-chairman; Barcelona), John McClelland (Vice-chairman; Rangers), Umberto Gandini (Vice-chairman; Milan), Peter Kenyon (Chelsea), Maarten Fontein (AZ) and Jean-Michel Aulas (Lyon).[4]

The ECA Executive Board (2021–2025) stood as: Nasser Al-Khelaifi (Paris Saint-Germain), Jan-Christian Dreesen (FC Bayern München), Peter Lawwell (Celtic FC), Dariusz Mioduski (Legia Warsaw), Aki Riihilahti (HJK), Martina Pavlova (AC Sparta Praha), Miguel Angel Gil Marin (Atletico Madrid), Fernando Carro (Bayer Leverkusen), Dan Friedkin (AS Roma), Vinai Venkatesham (Arsenal FC), Alessandro Antonello (Internazionale), Jokin Aperribay (Real Sociedad), Dennis Te Kloese (Feyenoord), Pablo Longoria (Marseille), Oliver Mintzlaff (RB Leipzig), Ferran Soriano (Manchester City FC), Tore Bjorseth Berdal (Rosenborg BK), Rui Costa (Benfica), Wanja Greuel (Young Boys), Ali Koç (Fenerbahçe), Stephan Reiter (FC Salzburg), Niclas Carlnen (Malmo FF), Pal Orosz (Ferencvarosi TC), Daniel Rommedahl (FC Copenhagen), Asif Asgarov (Qarabag FK), Michele Kang (Olympique Lyonnais), Juan Jose Sartori (AS Monaco), Joshua Wander (RS Liege), Raphael Landthaler (Viktoria Plzen), Kuno Tehva (Nomme Kalju), Michele Centenaro, Michael Verschueren, Valentina de Laurentiis (Napoli), Aleksandra Milosevic (Crvena Zvezda), Vlatka Peras (Dinamo Zagreb), and Azra Numanovic (FK Sarajevo).[15]

List of Chairmen

[edit]
President Term
Germany Karl-Heinz Rummenigge 2008–2017
Italy Andrea Agnelli 2017–2021
Qatar Nasser Al-Khelaifi 2021–present

Working Groups

[edit]

The European Club Association is made up of numerous bodies including working groups, expert panels and committees. These are as follows:

Since the creation of ECA, Working Groups have been an important cornerstone of ECA's organisational structure. They provide active advice and support to the ECA Executive Board and to ECA representatives participating in committees or working groups at UEFA, FIFA and EU level. Their contribution is key and strategic to the association. In addition, they drive membership engagement and communication across the organisation on key issues, challenges and opportunities.[16] All working groups are made up of both Ordinary Member and Associated Member Clubs from all four subdivisions.

Competitions Working Group: Chaired by Umberto Gandini (AS Roma), the Competitions Working Group aims to lead the management and control of the club competitions through the relevant UEFA and FIFA club football committees.[16]

Finance Working Group: Chaired by ECA Executive Board Member Michael Verschueren (RSC Anderlecht), the Finance Working Group strives to address all issues related to club finance, to optimise resource allocation and club business management.[16]

Institutional Relations Working Group: Chaired by ECA Executive Board Member Ivan Gazidis (Arsenal FC), the Institutional Relations Working Group seeks to strengthen the ECA position and representation among different stakeholders in European football.[16]

Marketing & Communication Working Group: Chaired by Aurelio De Laurentiis (SSC Napoli), the Marketing & Communication Working Group oversees issues on club football marketing, communication and promotion, and aims to define a coherent and up-to-date strategy around commercial opportunities.[16]

Youth Working Group: Chaired by ECA Executive Board Member Edwin van der Sar (Ajax), the Youth Working Group attempts to stimulate, develop and protect the grassroots of European club football.[16]

Expert Panels

[edit]

Legal Advisory Panel: tasked with bringing together legal experts and arbitration members of ECA Member Clubs in order to share expertise and knowledge and act as a mediator for any Member Club dispute.[17]

Financial Fair Play Panel: charged with collaborating with UEFA in order to further elaborate, implement and assess the UEFA Club Licensing and Financial Fair Play Regulations.

Statutory Affairs Panel: Entrusted with dealing with and analyzing membership applications, issues of eligibility of Members and the interpretation and application of the ECA Statutes.

Committees

[edit]

Social Dialogue Committee: Ensures a close relationship between ECA, European Leagues, FIFPro Division Europe, UEFA and the European Commission in order to agree common solutions on matters concerning employment in football.[18]

Women's Football Committee: Created in 2013, the overall objective of the Women's Football Committee (WFC) is to act as a platform where issues related to women's football, be it on a European or on a worldwide level, are discussed. The WFC is composed of representatives from ECA Member Clubs with a Women's section, as well as representatives from Women's Football clubs without a direct link to ECA Membership. The WFC Members are appointed by the ECA Executive Board based on a proposal by the WFC Chairman. The committee is currently chaired by ECA Executive Board Member and Olympique Lyonnais President Jean-Michel Aulas. The vice-chairwoman is Linda Wijkström from Elitfotboll Dam. The 42 members, with the non-ECA member clubs marked in italics, are as follows:

KFF Vllaznia (ALB), Sturm Graz (AUT), RSC Anderlecht (BEL), SFK 2000 Sarajevo (BIH), AC Sparta Praha (CZE), SK Slavia Praha (CZE), Apollon Ladies FC (CYP), Brøndby (DEN), Fortuna Hjørring (DEN) Arsenal Ladies (ENG), Manchester City Ladies (ENG), Chelsea Ladies (ENG), Club Atlético de Madrid (ESP), Athletic Club (ESP), FC Barcelona (ESP) Nõmme Kalju FC (EST), HJK Helsinki (FIN), Olympique Lyonnais Féminin (FRA), Paris Saint-Germain (FRA), Montpellier Hérault Sport Club (FRA), Paris FC (FRA), 1. FFC Turbine Potsdam (GER), Bayern Munich (GER), Ferencvárosi TC (HUN), UMF Stjarnan (ISL), Fiorentina Women's FC (ITA), Juventus FC (ITA), Birkirkara (MLT), AFC Ajax (NED), Linfield FC (NIR), Stabæk FK (NOR), KKPK Medyk Konin (POL), PFC CSKA Moskva (RUS), MŠK Žilina (SVK), Elitfotboll Dam (SWE), Linköpings FK (SWE), Djurgårdens IF (SWE), Zürich Frauen (SUI).[19]

Achievements

[edit]

Under a Memorandum of Understanding signed by UEFA in 2008, the European Club Association was recognized as the sole body representing the interests of clubs at European level. As part of the Memorandum of Understanding, UEFA also agreed to distribute every four years an amount from the UEFA European Championship to national associations for them to pass on to their clubs who have contributed to the successful staging of a European Championship. The target distribution amount for Euro 2008 is €43.5 million (US$62.8 million), with the payments made on a "per day per player" basis of approximately €4,000.[3] As part of the planned moves, UEFA and FIFA will also enter into a series of commitments to the clubs, including financial contributions for player participation in European Championships and World Cups, subject to the approval of their respective bodies.[7]

A renewed Memorandum of Understanding for the period 2012–2018 was signed on 22 March 2012 between ECA and UEFA at the occasion of the XXXVI Ordinary UEFA Congress. The memorandum was signed by ECA Chairman Karl-Heinz Rummenigge and UEFA President Michel Platini. It paves the way for a fruitful relationship between European clubs and Europe's football governing body, reflecting an improved balance between national team and club football. The new MoU supersedes the 2008 MoU and is now in effect until 30 May 2018.[20] The four key topics of the new MoU are as follows:

International Match Calendar

The International Match Calendar, a key topic of discussions, makes the release of national team players compulsory for clubs on the dates it highlights. The 2014–18 International Match Calendar is based on a concrete proposal put forward by ECA, and the efforts of a dedicated working group comprising representatives from ECA, European Leagues, FIFPro, and UEFA. The working group's recommendation, acknowledged by FIFA, offers a more balanced system of nine double-headers over two years with no single friendly matches and is beneficial for both clubs and national associations.[20]

Insurance for Players' Salaries

The Club Protection Program, initially put in place at the expense of UEFA to cover the Euro 2012 in Poland and Ukraine, has since been taken over at FIFA's expense following the approval by the FIFA Congress in Budapest in May 2012.[21] It now covers all clubs that release players for national A-team matches listed on the International Match Calendar, including a FIFA commitment to insure the football tournament of the Olympic Games.[20] The Club Protection Program provides compensation for clubs in the event that national A-team players participating for their national association suffer a temporary total disablement (TTD) as a result of bodily injuries caused by an accident. Players are insured up to a maximum of one year from the day of the excess period (= date of injury + 27 days) and a maximum of €7.5 million.[22]

Distribution for EURO Benefits

As stipulated in the 2008 MoU between ECA and UEFA, the UEFA Executive Committee agreed to set aside provisions of €43.5 million for Euro 2008 in Switzerland and Austria, and €55 million for Euro 2012 in Poland and Ukraine.[23] With the renewal of the MoU, the benefits for clubs releasing players for the Euro 2012 have increased to €100 million and are set to increase again to €150 million for Euro 2016.[20] In view of the increased amounts of benefits received by clubs, UEFA and ECA have elaborated a new distribution mechanism. The main objective of this distribution mechanism is to have a fair and balanced system, ensure increased benefit for all clubs compared to previous tournaments, and guarantee more clubs are entitled to receive a share of the benefits. For the Euro 2012, the total amount of €100 million was split between the final tournament (60%) and the qualifying phase (40%). This new distribution mechanism led to 578 clubs receiving varying amounts of compensation from UEFA for their part in releasing players for qualifying matches and the final tournament, a significant increase from the 181 clubs who received a share after the UEFA EURO 2008.[20]

Governance

Finally, the new MoU has also granted a greater influence for clubs in the decision-making processes at UEFA. In the future, clubs are guaranteed to have their voices heard and that no decision directly affecting club football will be taken without their prior consent. ECA representatives from the executive board are appointed in both the UEFA Executive Committee, UEFA Club Competitions Committee, UEFA Professional Football Strategy Council and the UEFA Women's Football Committee.[20]

Education

[edit]

Club Management Guide (CMG)

Published for the first time in 2015 the Club Management Guide[24] aims to spread the knowledge and know-how of club management between football clubs in Europe, as well as offering a practical benchmark in which clubs can learn from. The CMG reviews different aspects of club management such as a club's sporting, business and community activities, as well as internal and external environments and strategy development. The CMG is compiled using personal experiences, case studies, graphs, written content and key lessons learned. The CMG does not claim to have a perfect template for how a football club should be run, it looks to offer effective insights and the sharing of real life examples for the benefit of clubs.

Club Management Programme (CMP)

The CMP[25] was created by the requests of clubs for clubs and as a follow-up to the Club Management Guide. The CMP aims at strengthening the knowledge of ECA Member Clubs in all areas of club management through the sharing of relevant expertise and know-how. The programme runs for over a year and a half, during this time there are six interactive seminars based around a different topic of club management in some of the top football venues around Europe. The seminars are a mix of academic and professional presentations, club case studies as well as interactive group working sessions. The programme enables participants to expand their knowledge on club football as well as sharing their personal experiences.

Publications

[edit]

Community & Social Responsibility Report

In September 2011, the European Club Association published its first Community & Social Responsibility (CSR) Report. The aim of this publication was to present the beneficial work of European football clubs in the field of CSR. The report is a collection of 54 ECA Member clubs’ CSR projects. All projects underline that football, and sport in general, have an important social and educational role to play. [citation needed]

ECA Legal Bulletin

As of 2011, the European Club Association has published a yearly Legal Bulletin, outlining key recurrent legal issues faced by club representatives. The legal bulletins aim to provide support and advice to clubs on how to deal with particular problems regarding training compensation, dealing with clubs in administration, third party ownership, etc.... [citation needed]

ECA Report on Youth Academies in Europe

In September 2012, ECA published a Report on Youth Academies in Europe,[26] which acts as a benchmark and provides a comparable perspective that underlines different approaches and philosophies of youth academies across Europe.

ECA Study on the Transfer System in Europe

In March 2014, ECA published a study on the transfer system, which offers an in-depth overview of all the incoming and outgoing transfer transactions involving European clubs over a two-year period. The ECA Executive Board mandated PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) and LIUC University to carry out this work. [citation needed]

ECA Women's Club Football Analysis

In 2014, ECA published an analysis on Women's Football. This report of the ECA analyses women's football from a club perspective. Topics such as women's club structure, relations with stakeholders as well as key success and constraint factors in the women's game are addressed. [citation needed]

ECA Club Management Guide (see education)

Published in 2015, this publication is a unique mixture of practical and conceptual football club management, focusing on club core activities, environment and strategies. The ECA Club Management Guide is a collation of club representatives’ practical experiences in managing a football club. An extract is available in 9 languages. [citation needed]

Founding members

[edit]

The following 16 clubs founded the ECA in 2008. Clubs currently being an Ordinary Member Club are marked in italics:[27]

Current ECA members

[edit]
Country Ordinary Member Associated Member
 Albania Laçi, Vllaznia Kukësi, Partizani
 Andorra Inter Club d'Escaldes Carroi, Atlètic Amèrica, CF Esperança d'Andorra, Ordino, Sant Julià, FC Santa Coloma, UE Santa Coloma
 Armenia Ararat-Armenia Alashkert, FC Ararat, FC Noah, Pyunik, Shirak, Urartu, West Armenia, FC Van, Sardarapat
 Austria Red Bull Salzburg, LASK, Sturm Graz, Wolfsberger AC Altach, Austria Wien, Blau-Weiss Linz, Rapid Wien
 Azerbaijan Qarabağ Araz-Naxçıvan, Gabala, Kapaz, Neftçi, Sabah, Sabail, Sumgayit, Turan Tovuz, Zira
 Belarus BATE Borisov, ZFK Minsk Arsenal Dzerzhinsk, Dinamo Brest, Dinamo Minsk, Dnepr Mogilev, Energetik-BGU Minsk, Gomel, Isloch, Neman Grodno, Shakhtyor Soligorsk, Slutsk, Smorgon
 Belgium Anderlecht, Club Brugge, Gent, Royal Antwerp Cercle Brugge, Eupen, Genk, Kortrijk, Oud-Heverlee Leuven, Mechelen, R.W.D. Molenbeek, Standard Liège, Westerlo
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Sarajevo, Zrinjski Borac Banja Luka, Igman Konjic, Sloga Doboj, Široki Brijeg, Tuzla City, Posušje, GOŠK Gabela, Velež Mostar, Željezničar, Zvijezda 09
 Bulgaria CSKA Sofia, Ludogorets Razgrad Dunav Ruse, Etar Veliko Tarnovo, Hebar Pazardzhik, Lokomotiv Sofia, NSA Sofia, Sportika Blagoevgrad, Botev Vratsa, Arda Kardzhali, Beroe Stara Zagora, Botev Plovdiv, Cherno More Varna, Levski Sofia, Lokomotiv Plovdiv, Pirin Blagoevgrad, Slavia Sofia
 Croatia Dinamo Zagreb, Rijeka Gorica, Hajduk Split, Istra 1961, Osijek, Rudeš, Slaven Belupo
 Cyprus APOEL, Apollon Limassol, Omonia AEK Larnaca, AEL Limassol, AEZ Zakakiou, Anorthosis Famagusta, Aris Limassol, Ethnikos Achnas, Karmiotissa, Nea Salamis, Pafos FC
 Czech Republic Sparta Prague, Slavia Prague Bohemians 1905, Baník Ostrava, Hradec Králové, Jablonec, Mladá Boleslav, Pardubice, Teplice, Karviná, Sigma Olomouc, Slovácko, Slovan Liberec, České Budějovice, Viktoria Plzeň, FC Zlin
 Denmark Brøndby, Copenhagen, Midtjylland Aalborg, AGF Aarhus, HB Køge, Nordsjælland, Odense, Silkeborg
 England Arsenal, Chelsea, Liverpool, Manchester City, Manchester United, Tottenham Hotspur, West Ham United Aston Villa, Brighton & Hove Albion, Brentford, Everton, Fulham, Leeds United, Leicester City, Newcastle United, Nottingham Forest, Wolverhampton Wanderers
 Estonia Flora Tallinn Levadia Tallinn, Narva Trans, Nõmme Kalju, Paide Linnameeskond, Kuressaare, Nõmme United, Harju JK Laagri, Tallinna Kalev, Tammeka Tartu, Pärnu JK Vaprus
 Faroe Islands KÍ Klaksvik B36 Tórshavn, EB/Streymur, HB Tórshavn, Víkingur, NSÍ Runavík
 Finland HJK Honka, Inter Turku, KuPS Kuopio, SJK Seinäjoki, Oulu, Haka, Lahti, Mariehamn, Ilves, VPS
 France Lille, Lyon, Marseille, Paris Saint-Germain, Rennes Bordeaux, Nantes, Nice, Lens, Toulouse, Saint-Étienne, Clermont, Dijon, Guingamp, Lorient, Metz, Montpellier, Paris FC, Strasbourg, Brest, Reims, Dunkerque
 Georgia Dinamo Tbilisi Dila Gori, Dinamo Batumi, Iberia 1999, Torpedo Kutaisi, Guria Lanchkhuti, Chikhura Sachkhere, Gagra, Kakheti Telavi, Samtredia, Samgurali Tsqaltubo
 Germany Bayern Munich, Bayer Leverkusen, Borussia Dortmund, Eintracht Frankfurt, RB Leipzig, Wolfsburg, Union Berlin Borussia Mönchengladbach, Freiburg, FC Köln, Hoffenheim, Werder Bremen, Bochum, Darmstadt, Hamburg, Heidenheim, Hertha BSC, Mainz, Schalke, Stuttgart
 Gibraltar Lincoln Red Imps Europa, FCB Magpies, St Joseph's, College 1975, Europa Point, Lynx, Mons Calpe
 Greece Olympiacos, PAOK AEK Athens, Aris, Atromitos, Panathinaikos, Asteras Tripolis, Kifisia, OFI Crete, PAS Giannina, Lamia, Panetolikos, Panserraikos, Volos
 Hungary Fehérvár, Ferencváros Debrecen, Puskás Akadémia, Budapest Honvéd, Kisvárda, MTK Budapest, Újpest
 Iceland Breiðablik FH, KR Reykjavík, Stjarnan, Valur, Víkingur Reykjavik, Fylkir, Akureyri, Keflavík, Vestri, ÍA Akranes
 Israel Hapoel Be'er Sheva, Maccabi Tel Aviv Beitar Jerusalem, Maccabi Haifa, ASA Tel Aviv University, Bnei Sakhnin, Bnei Yehuda Tel Aviv, Ashdod, Hapoel Hadera, Hapoel Haifa, Hapoel Jerusalem, Hapoel Petah Tikva, Hapoel Tel Aviv, Maccabi Bnei Reineh, Maccabi Kishronot Hadera, Maccabi Petah Tikva
 Italy AC Milan, Atalanta, Fiorentina, Inter Milan, Lazio, Napoli, Roma Bari, Bologna, Brescia, Cagliari, Como, Cremonese, Empoli, Frosinone, Genoa, Hellas Verona, Juventus, Lecce, Monza, Palermo, Parma, Salernitana, Sampdoria, Sassuolo, Torino, Udinese, Venezia
 Kazakhstan Astana Aktobe, Okzhetpes, Shakhter Karagandy, Ordabasy
 Kosovo Drita Ballkani, Prishtina, Llapi, Mitrovica, Gjilani
 Latvia Riga FC Liepāja, SFK Rīga, Valmiera FC, Spartaks Jūrmala
 Liechtenstein Vaduz
 Lithuania Žalgiris Vilnius Gintra, Riteriai, Sūduva, Kauno Žalgiris, Džiugas Telšiai, Dainava, Utenis Utena
 Luxembourg F91 Dudelange Fola Esch, FC Differdange 03, Progrès Niederkorn, Racing-Union, Swift Hesperange, Wiltz 71, Käerjéng 97
 Malta Hibernians Balzan, Birkirkara, Floriana, Gzira United, Hamrun Spartans, Valletta, Sliema Wanderers
 Moldova Sheriff Tiraspol, Zimbru Chișinău Milsami Orhei, Petrocub Hîncești, Bălți, Dacia Buiucani, Floreşti
 Monaco Monaco
 Montenegro Budućnost Podgorica Dečić, Sutjeska, Arsenal Tivat, Jedinstvo Bijelo Polje, Jezero, Mladost Donja Gorica, Mornar Bar, Petrovac, Rudar Pljevlja, Titograd, Zeta
 Netherlands Ajax, AZ, Feyenoord, PSV, Twente Utrecht, Vitesse, Go Ahead Eagles, Heerenveen, Nijmegen, Waalwijk, Zwolle
 North Macedonia Shkëndija Brera Strumica, Shkupi, Struga, Makedonija GP Skopje, Sileks, Sasa, Bregalnica Štip, Gostivar, Rabotnički, Tikvesh, Vardar, Voska Sport
 Northern Ireland Linfield Cliftonville, Coleraine, Crusaders, Glentoran, Larne, Dungannon Swifts, Glenavon
 Norway Bodø/Glimt, Lillestrøm, Molde, Rosenborg, Vålerenga Haugesund, Fredrikstad, Odds, Strømsgodset, Viking
 Poland Lech Poznań, Legia Warszawa Cracovia, Pogoń Szczecin, Piast Gliwice, Raków Częstochowa, Śląsk Wrocław, Jagiellonia, Lechia Gdańsk, Korona Kielce, Puszcza Niepołomice, Widzew Łódź, Radomiak Radom, Warta Poznań, Wisła Kraków
 Portugal Benfica, Braga, Porto, Sporting CP Vitória de Guimarães, Estrela da Amadora, Gil Vicente, Marítimo, Estoril, Famalicao, Vizela
 Ireland Shamrock Rovers Cork City, St Patrick's Athletic, Shelbourne, Sligo Rovers
 Romania FCSB, CFR Cluj Olimpia Cluj, Universitatea Craiova, Botoșani, Csíkszereda Miercurea Ciuc, Dinamo Bucureşti, Farul Constanța, Oțelul Galați, Petrolul Ploiești, Politehnica Iași, Rapid Bucureşti, Universitatea Cluj, Voluntari
 Russia Lokomotiv Moscow, Zenit Saint Petersburg CSKA Moscow, Krasnodar, Spartak Moscow
 San Marino Tre Penne La Fiorita, Tre Fiori, Juvenes/Dogana, Libertas, Fiorentino, Cailungo, Folgore, Murata, Virtus
 Scotland Aberdeen, Celtic, Rangers Heart of Midlothian, Hibernian, Motherwell, Dundee, Kilmarnock, Livingston, Ross County, St Johnstone, St Mirren
 Serbia Partizan, Red Star Belgrade, Vojvodina Čukarički, FK IMT, Javor Ivanjica, Mladost Lučani, Napredak, Novi Pazar, Radnik Surdulica, Radnički Niš, Spartak Subotica, Voždovac, Železničar Pančevo
 Slovakia Spartak Trnava, Slovan Bratislava FC DAC 1904, Ružomberok, MŠK Žilina, Trenčín, ViOn Zlaté Moravce
 Slovenia Maribor Celje, Domžale, Mura, Olimpija Ljubljana, Aluminij, Bravo, Koper, Radomlje, Rogaška
 Spain Atlético Madrid, Real Betis, Real Sociedad, Sevilla, Villarreal Getafe, Valencia, Athletic Bilbao, Girona, Celta Vigo, Espanyol, Real Zaragoza
 Sweden Häcken, Djurgårdens, Malmö AIK, Hammarby, Elfsborg, Göteborg, Brommapojkarna, Norrköping
 Switzerland Young Boys, Basel, Lugano, Servette, Zürich Grasshopper, Lausanne-Sport, Luzern, Rapperswil-Jona, Sion, Stade Lausanne Ouchy, Thun, Yverdon-Sport
 Turkey Fenerbahçe, Galatasaray, İstanbul Başakşehir Beşiktaş, Sivasspor, Trabzonspor, Adana Demirspor, Alanyaspor, Antalyaspor, Beylerbeyi, Fatih Karagümrük, Gaziantep, Hatayspor, İstanbulspor, Kasımpaşa, Kayserispor, Konyaspor, Ankaragücü, Pendikspor, Rizespor, Samsunspor
 Ukraine Dynamo Kyiv, Shakhtar Donetsk, Vorskla Poltava, Zorya Luhansk Oleksandriya, Kolos Kovalivka, Dnipro-1, Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih, Veres Rivne
 Wales The New Saints Connah's Quay Nomads, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Wrexham A.F.C.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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  14. ^ "Juventus to rejoin European Club Association". Reuters. 1 June 2024.
  15. ^ "Executive Board". European Club Association. Archived from the original on 2024-01-31. Retrieved 2024-01-31.
  16. ^ a b c d e f ECA Working Groups Archived 2013-06-08 at the Wayback Machine
  17. ^ "What is Social Dialogue Committee?" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2015-01-12. Retrieved 2013-06-11.
  18. ^ "ECA Women's Football Committee kicks off in London". Archived from the original on 2013-06-11. Retrieved 2013-06-11.
  19. ^ a b c d e f ECA Memorandum of Understanding 2012 Archived 2014-07-13 at the Wayback Machine
  20. ^ FIFA.com (25 May 2012). "FIFA Congress fully backs reform process, appoints first woman to Executive; welcomes South Sudan as 209th FIFA member". Archived from the original on May 27, 2012.
  21. ^ "UEFA and ECA Memorandum of Understanding 2012" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on October 14, 2013.
  22. ^ "Memorandum of Understanding 2008" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-10-25. Retrieved 2018-02-20.
  23. ^ "ECA launches Club Management Guide". European Club Association. Archived from the original on 2022-04-20. Retrieved 2022-03-20.
  24. ^ "ECA". Archived from the original on 2016-03-12. Retrieved 2016-03-11.
  25. ^ "European Club Association publishes Report on Youth Academies". Archived from the original on 2012-09-25. Retrieved 2012-09-26.
  26. ^ "ECA Members". European Club Association. Archived from the original on 2018-03-11. Retrieved 2024-01-31.
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