English: Stokes waves of maximum wave height on deep water, under the action of gravity. Shown is the simple and accurate approximation of the free surface elevation η(x,t):
where λ is the wavelength, H is the wave height and c is the phase speed. This approximation – with a maximum error less than 0.7% in the free-surface elevation (relative to the wave height) – was discovered by: R.C.T. Rainey and M.S. Longuet-Higgins (2006) "A close one-term approximation to the highest Stokes wave on deep water". Ocean Engineering33(14–15), pp. 2012–2024.
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