French
DeutschFirovsky District
Firovsky District Фировский район | |
|---|---|
_-_panoramio.jpg) Dam on the Shlina River, Firovsky District | |
.png) Flag  Coat of arms | |
 Location of Firovsky District in Tver Oblast | |
| Coordinates: 57°29′00″N 33°42′09″E / 57.48333°N 33.70250°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Tver Oblast[1] |
| Established | 5 March 1935 |
| Administrative center | Firovo[1] |
| Area | |
| • Total | 1,836 km2 (709 sq mi) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 9,396 |
| • Density | 5.1/km2 (13/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 50.1% |
| • Rural | 49.9% |
| Administrative structure | |
| • Administrative divisions | 2 Urban settlements, 3 Rural settlements |
| • Inhabited localities | 2 Urban-type settlements[4], 106 rural localities |
| Municipal structure | |
| • Municipally incorporated as | Firovsky Municipal District[5] |
| • Municipal divisions[6] | 2 urban settlements, 3 rural settlements |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK [7]) |
| OKTMO ID | 28657000 |
| Website | http://glavafirovo.narod.ru/ |
Firovsky District (Russian: Фи́ровский райо́н) is an administrative[1] and municipal[5] district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the north of the oblast and borders with the urban-type settlement of Ozyorny in the north, Bologovsky District in the northeast, Vyshnevolotsky District in the east, Kuvshinovsky District in the south, Ostashkovsky District in the southwest, Demyansky District of Novgorod Oblast in the west, and with Valdaysky District, also of Novgorod Oblast, in the northwest. The area of the district is 1,836 square kilometers (709 sq mi).[2] Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Firovo.[1] Population: 9,396 (2010 Census);[3] 11,919 (2002 Census);[8] 14,282 (1989 Soviet census).[9] The population of Firovo accounts for 25.9% of the district's total population.[3]
Geography
[edit]Almost the whole area of the district belongs to the drainage basin of the Msta River and thus to the Baltic Sea. The rivers in the northern part of the district drain into the Shlina River and its major tributary, the Granichnaya River. The Shlina originates in Lake Shlino, located on the border between Tver and Novgorod Oblasts, and crosses the northern part of the district. The main river in the southern part of the district is the Tsna, which crosses the area of the district as well. Both the Shlina and the Tsna are left tributaries of the Msta, technically of the Vyshny Volochyok Reservoir. Some areas in the east of the district belong to the Lonnitsa River, a right tributary of the Shlina. Minor areas in the southeast of the district belong to the drainage basin of the Tvertsa River, a tributary of the Volga River.
Firovsky District is located on the Valdai Hills which are notable by its large lake district. The largest lakes within the district are Lake Shlino and Lake Seremo. More than 50% of the area of the district is covered by forest.[10]
History
[edit]The area was in the Middle Ages dependent on the Novgorod Republic, later it belonged to Derevskaya Pyatina, one of the five pyatinas into which Novgorod Lands were divided. The village of Zhabny is believed to be founded in the 12th century and to be a native place of Nilus Stolobensky, the 15th century saint and the founder of the Nilov Monastery on Stolobny Island.[11] In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate). In 1727, separate Novgorod Governorate was split off. In 1775, Tver Viceroyalty (since 1796 known as Tver Governorate) was established, and parts of the current area of the district were transferred to Tver Viceroyalty. In the 19th century, the area was split between Valdaysky Uyezd of Novgorod Governorate and Vyshnevolotsky and Ostashkovsky Uyezds of Tver Governorate.[11][12]
Effective October 1, 1927 Novgorod Governorate with its uyezds was abolished, and Rozhdestvensky District was established, with the administrative center in the selo of Rozhdestvo. It was a part of Borovichi Okrug of Leningrad Oblast. On September 20, 1931, Rozhdestvensky District was abolished and merged into Bologovsky District.[12] The area of the district currently belongs to Firovsky District.
On July 12, 1929 Tver Governorate with its uyezds was abolished, and Vyshnevolotsky District was established, with the administrative center in the town of Vyshny Volochyok. It belonged to Tver Okrug of Moscow Oblast. On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast.[13]
On October 1, 1929 Western Oblast was established. The northern part of Ostashkovsky Uyezd was transferred to Northern Oblast, and the oblast was divided into districts. In particular, Ostashkovsky District with the administrative center of Ostashkov was established as a part of Velikiye Luki Okrug. On August 1, 1930 the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were subordinated directly to the oblast.[14]
On March 5, 1935 Kalinin Oblast was established. It included areas which formerly belonged to Moscow, Leningrad, and Western Oblasts. In particular, Firovsky District was established on the areas which previously belonged to Bologovsky, Ostashkovsky, and Vyshnevolotsky Districts. In February 1963, during the abortive administrative reform by Nikita Khrushchev, Firovsky District was merged into Vyshnevolotsky District, but on April 6, 1972 it was re-established.[13] In 1990, Kalinin Oblast was renamed Tver Oblast.
Another district established on July 12, 1929 was Yesenovichsky District with the administrative center in the selo of Yesenovichi. It was a part of Tver Okrug of Moscow Oblast. In 1935, it was transferred to Kalinin Oblast. On August 22, 1958 Yesenovichsky District was abolished and split between Vyshnevolotsky, Novotorzhsky, Kamensky, and Firovsky Districts.[13]
Economy
[edit]Industry
[edit]There are enterprises of timber and food industries in the district.[10] The glass-making factory in Velikooktyabrsky which was the largest industrial enterprise of the district was declared bankrupt in 2010.[15]
Agriculture
[edit]The main agricultural specialization of the district is cattle breeding with meat and milk production.[10]
Transportation
[edit]A railway connecting Bologoye and Velikiye Luki crosses the district from northeast to southwest. Firovo is the main railway station within the district. There is infrequent passenger traffic.
Firovo is connected by a paved road with Vyshny Volochyok. The road also provides access to the M10 highway which connects Moscow and Saint Petersburg. There are also local roads, one of which crosses into Novgorod Oblast.
Culture and recreation
[edit]The district twelve objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. They include a number of historical buildings as well as several monuments to soldiers fallen in World War II.[16]
Firovo hosts a local museum.[10]
References
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ a b c d Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 28 257», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 28 257, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
- ^ a b О Фировском районе (in Russian). Администрация Фировского района. Retrieved December 13, 2013.
- ^ a b c Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ The count of urban-type settlements may include the work settlements, the resort settlements, the suburban (dacha) settlements, as well as urban-type settlements proper.
- ^ a b Law #4-ZO
- ^ Law #52-ZO
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ a b c d Инвестиционный паспорт Фировского района (PDF) (in Russian). Администрация Фировского района. Retrieved December 15, 2013.
- ^ a b История и культура Фировской земли (in Russian). Администрация Фировского района. Retrieved December 17, 2013.
- ^ a b Рождественский район (август 1927 г . – сентябрь 1931 г .) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Retrieved November 21, 2013.
- ^ a b c Справка об изменениях в административно-территориальном делении Тверской губернии - Калининской области (in Russian). Архивы России. Archived from the original on April 19, 2012. Retrieved December 17, 2013.
- ^ Воробьёв, М. В. (1993). Г. В. Туфанова (ed.). Административно-территориальное деление Смоленской области (in Russian). Государственный архив Смоленской области. pp. 118–133.
- ^ "Власти Тверской области нашли инвестора для стекольного завода "Востек"". Tver-portal.ru. December 6, 2012. Retrieved December 26, 2013.
- ^ Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved June 2, 2016.
Sources
[edit]- Законодательное Собрание Тверской области. Закон №4-ЗО от 18 января 2005 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований Тверской области и наделении их статусом городских округов, муниципальных районов», в ред. Закона №65-ЗО от 24 июля 2012 г. «О внесении изменения в статью 2 Закона Тверской области "Об установлении границ муниципальных образований Тверской области и наделении их статусом городских округов, муниципальных районов"». Вступил в силу через десять дней после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тверские ведомости", №3, 21–27 января 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast. Law #4-ZO of January 18, 2005 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations of Tver Oblast and on Granting Them the Status of Urban Okrugs, Municipal Districts, as amended by the Law #65-ZO of July 24, 2012 On Amending Article 2 of the Law of Tver Oblast "On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations of Tver Oblast and on Granting Them the Status of Urban Okrugs, Municipal Districts". Effective as of the day which is ten days after the official publication.).
- Законодательное Собрание Тверской области. Закон №52-ЗО от 28 февраля 2005 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований, входящих в состав территории муниципального образования Тверской области "Фировский район", и наделении их статусом городского, сельского поселения», в ред. Закона №61-ЗО от 16 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Тверской области "Об установлении границ муниципальных образований, входящих в состав территории муниципального образования Тверской области "Фировский район", и наделении их статусом городского, сельского поселения"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тверские ведомости", №10, 11–17 марта 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast. Law #52-ZO of February 28, 2005 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Comprised by the Territory of the Municipal Formation of "Firovsky District" and on Granting Them the Status of Urban, Rural Settlements, as amended by the Law #61-ZO of July 16, 2014 On Amending the Law of Tver Oblast "On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Comprised by the Territory of the Municipal Formation of "Firovsky District" and on Granting Them the Status of Urban, Rural Settlements". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).