Flip jump

The flip jump (also called the flip) is a figure skating jump. The International Skating Union (ISU) defines a flip jump as "a toe jump that takes off from a back inside edge and lands on the back outside edge of the opposite foot".^[1] It is executed with assistance from the toe of the free foot.^[2]

The origin of the flip jump is unknown, although American professional figure skater Bruce Mapes might have created it.^[1] Gustave Lussi claimed that he and his student Montgomery Wilson invented it.^[3] The jump was sometimes called the Wilson in Canada and the Mapes in the United States after Mapes's wife, Evelyn Chandler Mapes, who popularized the jump there.^[4]

Writer Ellyn Kestnbaum calls the jump "somewhat trickier than the loop for most skaters. considerably more so than the salchow or toe loop",^[5] because of its unstable inside edge and the precision required to align and time the jump's vault from the toepick.^[5] As a consequence, quadruple flip jumps are, as ESPN puts it, "rare".^[6] Kestnbaum also states that it is crucial that the skater's edge not be too deep, but instead almost forms a straight line.^[7]

Variations of the flip jump include the half flip and the split flip. The half flip is often used as a simple transitional movement during a step sequence and as a takeoff for other half jumps. A split flip is a single flip jump with a split position at the peak of the skater's position in the air.^[5] There is no record of the first male skater to perform the triple flip.^[1]

In competitions, the base value of a single flip is 0.50; the base value of a double flip is 1.80; the base value of a triple flip is 5.30; the base value of a quadruple flip is 11.00; and the base value of a quintuple flip is 14.^[8]

Abbr.	Jump element	Skater	Nation	Event	Ref.
3F	Triple flip (women's)	Katarina Witt	East Germany	1981 European Championships	[1]
	Triple flip (women's)	Manuela Ruben	Germany
4F	Quadruple flip (men's)	Shoma Uno	Japan	2016 Team Challenge Cup	[9][10]
	Quadruple flip (women's)	Alexandra Trusova	Russia	2019–20 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final	[9][11]

• 
  You Young begins the flip jump with her left foot on the inside edge and her right toe pick about to hit the ice
• 
  You Young begins to take off the ice
• 
  Eliška Březinová landing

• "ISU Figure Skating Media Guide 2023/24". International Skating Union. 20 September 2023. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
• Kestnbaum, Ellyn (2003). Culture on Ice: Figure Skating and Cultural Meaning. Middletown, Connecticut: Wesleyan University Press. ISBN 0819566411.

• Shoma Uno's first quad flip (YouTube clip)
• Comparison of Nathan Chen and Shoma Uno's quad flip (YouTube clip)