Japanese amberjack

Japanese amberjack
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Carangiformes
Family:	Carangidae
Genus:	Seriola
Species:	S. quinqueradiata
Binomial name
Seriola quinqueradiata Temminck & Schlegel, 1845
Synonyms[2]
Seriola sparta Jenkins, 1903

The Japanese amberjack or yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata, is a species of jack fish in the family Carangidae, native to the northwest Pacific Ocean. It is known as shiyu (鰤魚) in China, bang'eo (방어) in Korea, and buri (鰤) or hamachi (魬) in Japan.

Although it is frequently listed on menus as "yellowtail tuna," it is a fish of an entirely different family, the Carangidae, rather than the family Scombridae that includes tunas, mackerels, and bonitos.^[3]

Japanese amberjack usually grows to around 1 meter in length, though some can reach 1.5 meters. They have a characteristic yellow band that runs horizontally along the length of the body, as well as a yellow tail, hence their name.

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  Juvenile Japanese amberjack
• 
  Japanese amberjack, painting by Kawahara Keiga (川原慶賀), 1823–1829

The fish is highly appreciated in Japan, where it is called hamachi or buri. They are eaten either cooked or raw and are a seasonal favourite in the colder months when the meat has a higher fat content. Amberjack is typically thought of as a winter delicacy of Toyama and the Hokuriku region.

Some of the fish consumed are caught wild, but a substantial amount is farmed (about 120,000 tonnes per year). To populate the pens, every May, workers fish for the small wild fry (called mojako), which can be found under floating seaweed. They scoop out the seaweed together with the mojako and put the mojako in cages in the sea.^[4]

The small fry grow until they reach 10 to 50 grams in mass; the fry are called inada in eastern Japan (Kantō). They are then sold to aquaculturists, who grow them until they reach 3 kilograms (youth, called hamachi) or 5 kilograms (adult, called buri).

• 
  Nigirizushi with raw amberjack
• 
  Plate of amberjack shabu-shabu
• 
  Teriyaki amberjack
• 
  Amberjack sashimi
• 
  Suimono (clear soup) with amberjack
• 
  Korean bangeo-hoe, or raw amberjack

• "Seriola quinqueradiata". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 18 April 2006.
• Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Seriola quinqueradiata". FishBase. January 2006 version.

• Media related to Seriola quinqueradiata at Wikimedia Commons