Hamburg Airport

Hamburg Airport

Flughafen Hamburg
Summary
Airport typePublic
OwnerMinistry of Economic Affairs, Transportation and Innovation (City of Hamburg) (51%)
AviAlliance (49%)
OperatorFlughafen Hamburg GmbH
ServesHamburg Metropolitan Region
LocationHamburg, Germany
Focus city for
Built1911
Elevation AMSL53 ft / 16 m
Coordinates53°37′49″N 009°59′28″E / 53.63028°N 9.99111°E / 53.63028; 9.99111
Websitehamburg-airport.de
Map
HAM is located in Hamburg
HAM
HAM
Location of Hamburg Airport
HAM is located in Germany
HAM
HAM
HAM (Germany)
Map
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
05/23 3,250 10,663 Asphalt
15/33 3,666 12,028 Asphalt
Statistics (2022)
Passengers11,096,296 Increase+108,6%
Aircraft movements00,109,510 Increase0+57,6%
Cargo (metric tons)00,021,165 Decrease00-3,6%
Source: Statistics at ADV.[1],
AIP at German air traffic control.[2]

Hamburg Airport (German: Flughafen Hamburg „Helmut Schmidt”) (IATA: HAM, ICAO: EDDH), is a major international airport in Hamburg, the second-largest city in Germany. Since November 2016 the airport has been named after the former German chancellor Helmut Schmidt. It is located 8.5 km (5.3 mi) north[2] of the city centre in the Fuhlsbüttel quarter and serves as a hub for Eurowings and focus city for Condor. It was formerly named Hamburg-Fuhlsbüttel Airport, a name still frequently used.

Hamburg Airport is the fifth-busiest of Germany's commercial airports measured by the number of passengers and counted 13.559.732 passengers and 120.315 aircraft movements in 2023.[3] As of July 2017, it featured flights to more than 130 mostly European metropolitan and leisure destinations as well as two long-haul routes to Dubai and Doha.[4] The airport is equipped to handle wide-bodied aircraft including the Airbus A380.[5]

Hamburg's other airport, Hamburg Finkenwerder Airport where the Airbus factory is located, is not open to commercial traffic.

History

[edit]

Early years

[edit]
Hamburg Airport in 1968
A Japan Airlines Douglas DC-8 at Hamburg Airport in 1965
A Condor Boeing 727-30 at Hamburg Airport in 1979
Aerial overview of the airport and its surrounding area

The airport was opened in January 1911 from private funding by the Hamburger Luftschiffhallen GmbH (HLG), making it the oldest international airport in the world to still be in operation and the second oldest airport in the country after Tempelhof Airport. The original site comprised 45 hectares, and during its early days was primarily used for airship flights. In 1913 the site was expanded to 60 hectares, the northern part being used for airship operations while the southeast area was used for fixed-wing aircraft.[6]

During the First World War, the airship hangar was used extensively by the German military, until it was destroyed by fire in 1916.[6]

During the British occupation, beginning in 1945, the airport was given its current name, Hamburg Airport. It was used extensively during the Berlin Airlift in 1948 as a staging area, as the northern air corridor went between Hamburg and West Berlin.[6]

When Lufthansa launched passenger operations in 1955, Hamburg was used as a hub until Frankfurt Airport took over due to growth constraints posed by its location in the city. Lufthansa Technik still maintains a large presence at the airport due to the early activities of the airline at the airport.[6] In October 1959 Pan American World Airways was the first airline to start scheduled service with jet aircraft to Hamburg, the routing was New York – London – Hamburg – Copenhagen flown with Boeing 707.

In the 1960s discussions began with the aim of moving the airport to Heidmoor near Kaltenkirchen. Among the reasons cited were limited expansion possibilities, capacity constraints due to crossing runways, and noise. Lufthansa had introduced the Boeing 707 in 1960, which made more noise than previous piston-engined aircraft. The plans were dropped, owing both to bad experiences in other cities where airports had been moved far from city centres, and to Lufthansa's move to Frankfurt.[6]

In 1980 Northwest Orient started flights to Hamburg, originating from Minneapolis with a stop in London Gatwick. In 1981 they introduced a second flight from New York JFK via Copenhagen to Hamburg. All flights were operated with Boeing 747 aircraft. After Northwest Orient received traffic rights to serve Frankfurt they discontinued all flights to Hamburg from early 1985.

In April 1985 Pan American World Airways started a daily non-stop flight from New York JFK to Hamburg, operated with Boeing 747. This was Pan Am's first non-stop service from the US to Hamburg. Starting February 1986 Pan Am also used their new long-range Airbus A310-200 on the route, which made it one of the first ETOPS routes across the Atlantic. In 1988 Japan Air Lines suspended their flights from Tokyo to Hamburg after serving the route for 24 years. One year later in 1989 Lufthansa suspended all flights between Hamburg and Tokyo after almost 30 years of service, which was the last route from Hamburg to the far east.

In May 1989 American Airlines started a daily service from New York JFK via Brussels to Hamburg, and Delta Air Lines started a daily service from Atlanta via London Gatwick to Hamburg. American Airlines suspended their service after a year due to shortage of aircraft after the purchase of Eastern Air Lines' South America routes, Delta upgraded the Atlanta flight to a daily non-stop service with an extension to Berlin-Tegel from May 1991, and also served New York JFK – Hamburg from November 1991 after taking over Pan Am's North Atlantic route network.

Development since the 1990s

[edit]

In March 1990 Lufthansa launched a daily flight from Hamburg to Newark and added another non-stop flight to Miami in 1992. This lasted for only one summer season and was then suspended together with the Newark flight in late 1992, which left Delta Air Lines alone in this market with their Atlanta and New York flights. From early 1993 to late 1994 South African Airways operated flights from Cape Town via Johannesburg and Munich to Hamburg. In the mid 90s Delta Air Lines experienced financial troubles and had to consolidate their fleet and route network. Hamburg was among the cities in Europe that were cut completely in late 1995. From 1996 Canada 3000 started summer seasonal flights to Hamburg, and until their bankruptcy in late 2001 they served Toronto to Hamburg via Halifax and Vancouver to Hamburg via Calgary. In May 1998 Delta Air Lines relaunched daily non-stop flights between Atlanta and Hamburg. However this route only operated until early 2000. A combination of a then too large business class in their Boeing 767-300ER aircraft and the foundation of the SkyTeam alliance made Delta cancel this service again.

In the early 1990s, the airport had begun extensive modernisation. The plan, called HAM21, included a new 500-metre (1,600 ft) pier extension, a new terminal (Terminal 1), and the Airport Plaza between Terminals 1 and 2, which includes a consolidated security area.[6] The airport's shareholders are the City of Hamburg and AviAlliance.

In May 2005 airTransat started a seasonal flight between Toronto and Hamburg. In June that year Continental Airlines started a daily non-stop flight between Newark and Hamburg, Emirates started its then daily Dubai to Hamburg service in March 2006. In 2011 China Eastern Airlines added Hamburg to their route network. However, due to the lack of traffic rights they could only add an extension to their existing Shanghai to Frankfurt flights. The flight initially operated once a week only, and was later increased to twice a week. The stop in Frankfurt and the low frequency did not appeal enough to business travellers so China Eastern suspended the route in 2013.

The Radisson Blu Hotel Hamburg Airport was added in 2009, combined with new roadside access and a station with connection to the city's rapid transit system (Hamburg S-Bahn).[6]

In January 2016, TUIfly announced it was leaving Hamburg Airport entirely due to increasing competition from low-cost carriers. While the summer seasonal routes would not resume, all remaining destinations were cancelled by March 2016.[7] A few weeks later, it was officially announced that the airport was to be named after Helmut Schmidt, a former senator of Hamburg and chancellor of West Germany.[8] On 10 November 2016, the airport was renamed Hamburg Airport Helmut Schmidt.[9]

In October 2016, Air Berlin announced the closure of its maintenance facilities at the airport, due to cost-cutting and restructuring measures.[10]

In June 2017, easyJet announced it would close its base at Hamburg by March 2018 as part of a refocus on other base airports. While over half of the former services were cut, several routes remained in place as they are served from other easyJet bases. In October 2018, United Airlines announced the end of its seasonal service to Newark, leaving the airport with only three long-haul routes, all to the Middle East, and no direct services to North America. The route was inaugurated by Continental Airlines back in 2005 and switched from year-round to seasonal in 2017[11] Also in October 2018 Emirates switched one of the two daily flights from Dubai to A380-service. This was the first ever commercial A380 service to Hamburg. The second daily flight remains operated by Boeing 777-300ER aircraft.

In January 2020, Ryanair also closed its Hamburg base due to airport operating costs, late delivery of the Boeing 737-Max aircraft, and its general downsizing of its German operations.

Facilities

[edit]
Main hall of Terminal 2
View of the apron

Overview

[edit]

Hamburg Airport originally covered 440,000 m2 (4,700,000 sq ft). Since then, the site has grown more than tenfold to 5.7 km2 (2.2 sq mi). The main apron covers 320,000 m2 (3,400,000 sq ft) and features 54 parking positions; the passenger terminals provide 17 jet bridges. As of July 2016, the airport had only three routes served with wide-body aircraft; however, during that year three gates were upgraded with double-jet bridges to provide faster boarding and de-boarding for large planes like the Airbus A380.[12] The runways, taxiways and aprons can accommodate large aircraft, including the Airbus A380. Emirates replaced one Boeing 777 with A380 aircraft on the route.[12] On 28 May 2018, Emirates announced it would commence services from Dubai International Airport to Hamburg with the A380.[13]

Terminals

[edit]

Hamburg has two interconnected terminals, Terminal 1 (used by most airlines including those of Oneworld and SkyTeam) and Terminal 2 (Star Alliance), connected by the Airport Plaza and the baggage claim area that extends through the lower levels of all three buildings. In all buildings level 1 is the departure level with overall 44 departure gates, while level 0 is arrivals and also features ten additional bus gates.[14] Hamburg Airport offers 12 baggage claim belts on the arrivals level. The Airport Plaza hosts the central security check as well as shops, restaurants, lounges and other service facilities. It also houses the suburban railway station.[14]

Terminal 2 (despite its name, the older facility) was completed in 1993, Terminal 1 was completed in 2005 and is highly similar to Terminal 2 in terms of design and size. The main buildings were designed by Gerkan, Marg and Partners. Both terminals have a high, curved ceiling designed to emulate the shape of a wing.

Airlines and destinations

[edit]

The following airlines offer regular scheduled and charter flights at Hamburg Airport:[15]

AirlinesDestinations
Aegean Airlines Athens, Thessaloniki[16]
Aer Lingus Dublin
airBaltic Riga, Tallinn (begins 2 May 2025)[17]
Seasonal: Vilnius[18]
Air Cairo Hurghada[19][20]
Air France Paris–Charles de Gaulle[21]
Air Serbia Belgrade[22]
AJet Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen[23][24]
Seasonal: Ankara, Antalya[23]
Austrian Airlines Vienna[25]
Seasonal: Klagenfurt[26]
British Airways London–Heathrow[27]
Brussels Airlines Brussels[28]
Condor[29] Frankfurt (begins 30 March 2025),[30] Fuerteventura, Funchal, Gran Canaria, Hurghada, Lanzarote, La Palma, Palma de Mallorca, Tenerife–South
Seasonal: Agadir,[31] Antalya,[32] Corfu, Heraklion, Kos, Rhodes
Seasonal charter: Pristina[33]
Corendon Airlines Antalya
Seasonal: İzmir[34]
DAT Saarbrücken[35]
easyJet Basel/Mulhouse, London–Gatwick, Manchester
Emirates Dubai–International
Eurowings[36] Barcelona, Budapest, Cologne/Bonn, Düsseldorf, Fuerteventura, Graz,[37] London–Heathrow, Manchester,[38] Milan–Malpensa, Munich, Nice, Nuremberg, Oslo, Palma de Mallorca, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Rome–Fiumicino, Salzburg, Stockholm–Arlanda, Stuttgart, Thessaloniki,[39] Vienna, Zürich
Seasonal: Adana/Mersin,[40][41] Alicante,[42] Bari, Bilbao,[42] Burgas,[43] Catania, Chania,[36] Corfu, Dubrovnik, Faro, Gothenburg,[44] Gran Canaria, Heraklion, Ibiza, Innsbruck, Jerez de la Frontera,[45] Kayseri,[40] Kos, Lanzarote, La Palma, Larnaca, Lisbon,[42] Málaga, Malta,[46] Mykonos, Nador,[47] Naples, Olbia, Porto,[42] Reykjavík–Keflavík,[48] Rhodes, Rijeka, Split, Tenerife–South, Tromsø,[49] Tunis,[50] Valencia, Varna, Venice, Verona,[42] Zadar, Zakynthos[51]
Finnair Helsinki[52]
Freebird Airlines[53] Seasonal: Antalya
HiSky Chișinău[54]
Iberia Madrid[55]
Icelandair Seasonal: Reykjavík–Keflavík[56]
ITA Airways Seasonal: Milan–Linate[57]
KLM Amsterdam[58]
LOT Polish Airlines Warsaw–Chopin
Lufthansa Frankfurt, Munich[59]
Luxair Luxembourg
Marabu Seasonal: Chania,[60] Corfu,[60] Faro,[61] Gran Canaria,[60] Heraklion,[60] Hurghada,[60] Kos,[60] Málaga,[60] Rhodes,[60] Zakynthos[60]
Norwegian Air Shuttle Oslo[62]
Qatar Airways Doha[63]
Pegasus Airlines Ankara, Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen
Seasonal: Antalya
Play Seasonal: Reykjavík–Keflavík[64]
Ryanair[65] Alicante, Bergamo,[66] Dublin, Edinburgh, Gdańsk, London–Stansted, Málaga, Palma de Mallorca, Porto
Seasonal: Valencia, Zadar
Scandinavian Airlines Copenhagen, Stockholm–Arlanda
Seasonal: Oslo[67]
SkyAlps Bolzano[68]
SunExpress[69] Antalya, İzmir
Seasonal: Ankara,[70] Dalaman
Swiss International Air Lines Zürich[71]
Seasonal: Geneva[72]
Sylt Air Seasonal: Sylt
TAP Air Portugal Lisbon
Tunisair Monastir[73]
Turkish Airlines Istanbul
Seasonal: Adana/Mersin,[74] Gaziantep,[75] Kayseri,[75] Samsun[75]
Volotea Seasonal: Bordeaux, Florence, Lyon,[76] Nantes[77]
Vueling Barcelona[78]
Seasonal: Bilbao[79]
Widerøe Bergen[80][81]
Wizz Air Belgrade, Bucharest–Otopeni, Catania,[82] Gdańsk, Rome–Fiumicino,[83] Skopje, Sofia,[84] Tirana, Varna, Warsaw–Chopin

Statistics

[edit]

Passengers and movements

[edit]
Passengers Movements Freight (in t)
2000 9,949,269 164,932 48,669
2001 Decrease 9,490,432 Decrease 158,569 Decrease 43,076
2002 Decrease 8,946,505 Decrease 150,271 Decrease 40,871
2003 Increase 9,529,924 Decrease 149,362 Decrease 36,018
2004 Increase 9,893,700 Increase 151,434 Increase 37,080
2005 Increase 10,676,016 Increase 156,180 Decrease 32,677
2006 Increase 11,954,117 Increase 168,395 Increase 38,211
2007 Increase 12,780,631 Increase 173,516 Increase 44,204
2008 Increase 12,838,350 Decrease 172,067 Decrease 37,266
2009 Decrease 12,229,319 Decrease 157,487 Decrease 31,595
2010 Increase 12,962,429 Decrease 157,180 Decrease 27,330
2011 Increase 13,558,261 Increase 158,076 Increase 27,588
2012 Increase 13,697,402 Decrease 152,890 Increase 28,174
2013 Decrease 13,502,553 Decrease 143,802 Increase 28,302
2014 Increase 14,760,280 Increase 153,879 Increase 28,948
2015 Increase 15,610,072 Increase 158,398 Increase 31,294
2016 Increase 16,223,968 Increase 160,904 Increase 35,284
2017 Increase 17,622,997 Decrease 159,780 Increase 36,863
2018 Decrease 17,231,687 Decrease 156,388 Decrease 33,473
2019 Increase 17,308,773 Increase - Increase -
Sources: ADV,[85] Hamburg Airport[86]

Busiest routes

[edit]
Busiest routes from Hamburg (2019)[87]
Rank Destination Passengers Operating Airlines
1 Munich 1,750,284 Eurowings, Lufthansa
2 Frankfurt 1,422,950 Lufthansa
3 London (all airports) 978,500 British Airways, easyJet, Eurowings, Ryanair
4 Palma de Mallorca 882,830 Condor, Eurowings, Ryanair
5 Stuttgart 737,285 Eurowings
6 Vienna 710,162 Austrian Airlines, Eurowings, LEVEL
7 Zürich 699,800 Eurowings, Swiss
8 Düsseldorf 524,114 Eurowings
9 Antalya 498,966 Condor, Corendon Airlines, Freebird Airlines, SunExpress
10 Amsterdam 477,618 Eurowings, KLM
Total number of passengers embarking direct flights doubled (no connecting passengers).

Ground transportation

[edit]

Train

[edit]
Hamburg Airport station
See also: Hamburg Airport station

The airport is around 8 km (5.0 mi) north of Hamburg city centre and 8 km (5.0 mi) south of Norderstedt in the borough of Fuhlsbüttel. S-Bahn service S1, operated by Deutsche Bahn operates every ten minutes between the airport, Ohlsdorf, Wandsbek, Hamburg central station, Altona, Blankenese and Wedel. It is part of the HVV fare organisation offering tickets for all modes of public transportation in Hamburg. Going towards the airport, S1 trains split at Ohlsdorf station, with one portion going to the airport and the other going to Poppenbüttel.[88]

Car

[edit]

By road, the airport can be reached from Federal Motorway A7 via Exit Schnelsen using the state motorway B433, which is Hamburg's third ring road.[88]

Bus

[edit]

The airport is also linked by some local bus routes of HVV to nearby areas as well as regular coach services to the cities of Kiel and Neumünster.[88]

Incidents and accidents

[edit]
  • On 4–5 November 2023, a hostage incident caused by a custody dispute, wherein an armed man drove onto the tarmac with his 4-year-old daughter in the car,[89][90] temporarily halted flights at the airport.[91][92] He parked under a Turkish Airlines aircraft demanding to be allowed on board to fly to Turkey with his daughter.[93][94][95] He fired a weapon twice in the air and threw two incendiary devices from his car.[93][94][90][96][97] Authorities said the commercial flight was preparing to take off, forcing the evacuation of everyone on board through a gangway.[94][98] The authorities believe the cause was a "custody dispute".[99] The incident came three weeks after German federal police received an emailed threat of an attack on an Iran Air flight arriving at the airport.[100] The perpetrator was sentenced to 12 years imprisonment by a Hamburg court.[101]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "ADV Monthly Traffic Report 12/2022" (PDF; 919 KB). adv.aero (in German). Arbeitsgemeinschaft Deutscher Verkehrsflughäfen e.V. 13 February 2023. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
  2. ^ a b "AIP VFR online". dfs.de. DFS Deutsche Flugsicherung GmbH. Retrieved 21 February 2023.
  3. ^ (in English) Traffic Figures Archived 6 October 2014 at the Wayback Machine – Official website
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  5. ^ hamburg.de - A380 kann kommen: Fluggastbrücken stehen in Hamburg bereit (German) 12 October 2018
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  88. ^ a b c hamburg-airport.de - Arrival and departure to the airport retrieved 17 April 2024
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  91. ^ Kappler, Inke (4 November 2023). "Flights halted at Hamburg airport due to family hostage situation". CNN. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  92. ^ Grieshaber, Kirsten (5 November 2023). "The hostage situation at Hamburg Airport ends with a man in custody and his 4-year-old daughter safe". Associated Press. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
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  95. ^ "Hamburg airport hostage-taker gives himself up". France 24. 5 November 2023. Archived from the original on 6 November 2023. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
  96. ^ "Hostage situation at Hamburg Airport ends after 18 hours". DW. 5 November 2023. Archived from the original on 5 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  97. ^ "Hamburg airport remains closed as police deal with 'hostage situation'". Reuters. 5 November 2023. Archived from the original on 5 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  98. ^ "Hamburg airport hostage situation that caused suspension of flights has ended, police say". CNN. 5 November 2023. Archived from the original on 6 November 2023. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
  99. ^ "The hostage situation at Hamburg Airport ends with a man in custody and 4-year-old daughter safe". AP News. 5 November 2023. Archived from the original on 5 November 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  100. ^ "Flights at Hamburg Airport in Germany suspended after a threat against a plane from Iran". AP News. 9 October 2023. Archived from the original on 6 November 2023. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
  101. ^ "Geiselnehmer zu zwölf Jahren Haft verurteilt". hamburg.de (in German). Retrieved 25 June 2024.
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Media related to Hamburg Airport at Wikimedia Commons
Hamburg Airport travel guide from Wikivoyage

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