Haskell County, Kansas

Haskell County
County
Haskell County Courthouse in Sublette (2010)
Haskell County Courthouse in Sublette (2010)
Map of Kansas highlighting Haskell County
Location within the U.S. state of Kansas
Map of the United States highlighting Kansas
Kansas's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 37°34′00″N 100°52′01″W / 37.5667°N 100.867°W / 37.5667; -100.867
Country United States
State Kansas
FoundedMarch 23, 1887
Named forDudley Haskell
SeatSublette
Largest citySublette
Area
 • Total
578 sq mi (1,500 km2)
 • Land578 sq mi (1,500 km2)
 • Water0.4 sq mi (1 km2)  0.06%
Population
 (2020)[1]
 • Total
3,780
 • Density6.5/sq mi (2.5/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district1st
WebsiteHaskellCounty.org

Haskell County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas. Its county seat and most populous city is Sublette.[2] As of the 2020 census, the county population was 3,780.[1] The county was named after Dudley Haskell, a congressman during the 1870s and 1880s.

History

[edit]
See also: History of Kansas

For millennia, the Great Plains of North America were inhabited by nomadic Native Americans.

In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state.

Haskell County was founded in 1887.[3] It was named for Dudley C. Haskell, a former member of Congress.[3]

Origin of the Spanish flu pandemic

[edit]

Historian John M. Barry concluded that Haskell County was the location of the first outbreak of the 1918 flu pandemic (nicknamed "Spanish flu"), which killed between 21 and 100 million people.[4][5] Loring Miner, a Haskell County doctor, warned the editors of Public Health Reports of the U.S. Public Health Service about the new and more deadly variant of the virus. It produced the common influenza symptoms with a new intensity: "violent headache and body aches, high fever, non-productive cough... This was violent, rapid in its progress through the body, and sometimes lethal. This influenza killed. Soon dozens of patients—the strongest, the healthiest, the most robust people in the county—were being struck down as suddenly as if they had been shot." [6] Barry writes that in the first six months of 1918, Miner's warning of "the influenza of a severe type" was the only reference in that journal to influenza anywhere in the world.[7]

Haskell County, Kansas, is the first recorded instance anywhere in the world of an outbreak of influenza so unusual that a physician warned public health officials. It remains the first recorded instance suggesting that a new virus was adapting, violently, to man.

If the virus did not originate in Haskell, there is no good explanation for how it arrived there. There were no other known outbreaks anywhere in the United States from which someone could have carried the disease to Haskell and no suggestions of influenza outbreaks in either newspapers or reflected in vital statistics anywhere else in the region. And unlike the 1916 outbreak in France, one can trace with perfect definiteness the route of the virus from Haskell to the outside world.[4]

Miner's report was not published until April 1918 and it failed to collect the attention it needed. It was not until after 2000 that historians' research revealed the origin of one of the deadliest epidemics in human history.

Historians have generally reported that the path of the disease from Haskell to the world occurred when newly inducted soldiers from the county traveled 200 miles from the county to Camp Funston (now Fort Riley) and were then deployed to Europe at the beginning of United States involvement in World War I.[4]

However, Haskell County's role in the pandemic is widely disputed. Many pathologists believe that Haskell County did not play a role in the virus's origin and that historical accounts are entirely coincidental.[citation needed]

Surviving the Dust Bowl

[edit]

The railroad and the development of oil and gas fields in the 1930s, and the locating of many deep wells for irrigation significantly improved the economy of the area helping overcome the "dust bowl" of that period.[8] Haskell County was one of the hardest hit counties in the Midwest during the drought of 1930–1937.

The first rodeo and fair was held in Sublette in 1916 and the fair continues at the same location. The first school district was founded in Santa Fe in 1887. Amanda I. Watkins, who owned a considerable amount of land in the county, was named "World Wheat Queen" in 1926.[8]

Geography

[edit]
Satellite image of circular crop fields in Haskell County in late June 2001.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 578 square miles (1,500 km2), of which 578 square miles (1,500 km2) is land and 0.4 square miles (1.0 km2) (0.06%) is water.[9]

Haskell County is the flattest county in Kansas.[10]

Adjacent counties

[edit]

Demographics

[edit]
Population pyramid based on 2000 census age data
Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18901,077—
1900457−57.6%
1910993117.3%
19201,45546.5%
19302,80592.8%
19402,088−25.6%
19502,60624.8%
19602,99014.7%
19703,67222.8%
19803,8143.9%
19903,8861.9%
20004,30710.8%
20104,256−1.2%
20203,780−11.2%
2023 (est.)3,630[11]−4.0%
U.S. Decennial Census[12]
1790–1960[13] 1900–1990[14]
1990–2000[15] 2010–2020[1]

As of the U.S. Census in 2000,[16] there were 4,307 people, 1,481 households, and 1,153 families residing in the county. The population density was 8 people per square mile (3.1 people/km2). There were 1,639 housing units at an average density of 3 per square mile (1.2/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 85.07% White, 0.63% Asian, 0.58% Native American, 0.19% Black or African American, 11.45% from other races, and 2.09% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 23.57% of the population.

There were 1,481 households, out of which 43.60% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.40% were married couples living together, 5.90% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.10% were non-families. 20.10% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.88 and the average family size was 3.35.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 32.90% under the age of 18, 9.10% from 18 to 24, 27.80% from 25 to 44, 19.50% from 45 to 64, and 10.60% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females there were 103.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.30 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $38,634, and the median income for a family was $43,354. Males had a median income of $31,296 versus $22,857 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,349. About 8.00% of families and 11.60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.40% of those under age 18 and 9.40% of those age 65 or over.

Government

[edit]

Presidential elections

[edit]

As do most counties in rural western Kansas, Haskell County leans heavily Republican. The last time Haskell County was carried by a Democratic presidential nominee was 1964, when Lyndon B. Johnson won the county as part of his nationwide landslide victory.

Presidential election results
United States presidential election results for Haskell County, Kansas[17]
Year Republican Democratic Third party(ies)
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2024 1,021 81.48% 220 17.56% 12 0.96%
2020 1,122 79.57% 268 19.01% 20 1.42%
2016 1,040 76.81% 245 18.09% 69 5.10%
2012 1,159 83.02% 215 15.40% 22 1.58%
2008 1,277 81.34% 278 17.71% 15 0.96%
2004 1,356 84.80% 227 14.20% 16 1.00%
2000 1,323 81.87% 263 16.27% 30 1.86%
1996 1,143 73.55% 304 19.56% 107 6.89%
1992 1,023 56.02% 336 18.40% 467 25.58%
1988 964 67.41% 427 29.86% 39 2.73%
1984 1,152 79.34% 283 19.49% 17 1.17%
1980 1,014 67.65% 374 24.95% 111 7.40%
1976 761 51.98% 676 46.17% 27 1.84%
1972 1,036 71.55% 383 26.45% 29 2.00%
1968 762 54.16% 476 33.83% 169 12.01%
1964 570 40.45% 820 58.20% 19 1.35%
1960 853 64.23% 471 35.47% 4 0.30%
1956 829 70.49% 341 29.00% 6 0.51%
1952 870 74.30% 283 24.17% 18 1.54%
1948 592 54.66% 466 43.03% 25 2.31%
1944 520 59.91% 342 39.40% 6 0.69%
1940 607 58.48% 425 40.94% 6 0.58%
1936 442 41.35% 626 58.56% 1 0.09%
1932 456 40.50% 639 56.75% 31 2.75%
1928 646 73.41% 222 25.23% 12 1.36%
1924 493 65.13% 167 22.06% 97 12.81%
1920 444 69.59% 150 23.51% 44 6.90%
1916 248 36.20% 349 50.95% 88 12.85%
1912 61 25.42% 100 41.67% 79 32.92%
1908 172 48.73% 139 39.38% 42 11.90%
1904 120 69.77% 46 26.74% 6 3.49%
1900 79 64.23% 44 35.77% 0 0.00%
1896 81 58.70% 54 39.13% 3 2.17%
1892 177 61.46% 0 0.00% 111 38.54%
1888 291 55.01% 197 37.24% 41 7.75%

Laws

[edit]

Although the Kansas Constitution was amended in 1986 to allow the sale of alcoholic liquor by the individual drink with the approval of voters, Haskell County remained a prohibition, or "dry", county until 2023, after voters in the county approved the 1986 amendment with a 30% food sales requirement.[18]

Education

[edit]

Unified school districts

[edit]
  • Sublette USD 374
  • Satanta USD 507

Communities

[edit]
2005 map of Haskell County[19] (map legend)

List of townships / incorporated cities / unincorporated communities / extinct former communities within Haskell County.[19]

Cities

[edit]

Unincorporated community

[edit]
  • Tice

Ghost town

[edit]

Townships

[edit]
Area affected by 1930s Dust Bowl

Haskell County is divided into three townships. None of the cities within the county are considered governmentally independent, and all figures for the townships include those of the cities. In the following table, the population center is the largest city (or cities) included in that township's population total, if it is of a significant size.

Township FIPS Population
center 		Population Population
density
/km2 (/sq mi) 		Land area
km2 (sq mi)		 Water area
km2 (sq mi)		 Water % Geographic coordinates
Dudley 18825 1,814 4 (9) 499 (193) 0 (0) 0.03% 37°30′40″N 101°0′28″W / 37.51111°N 101.00778°W / 37.51111; -101.00778
Haskell 30625 1,971 4 (10) 498 (192) 0 (0) 0.07% 37°32′25″N 100°51′43″W / 37.54028°N 100.86194°W / 37.54028; -100.86194
Lockport 41675 522 1 (3) 498 (192) 0 (0) 0.09% 37°34′19″N 100°43′11″W / 37.57194°N 100.71972°W / 37.57194; -100.71972
Sources: "Census 2000 U.S. Gazetteer Files". U.S. Census Bureau, Geography Division. Archived from the original on August 2, 2002.

See also

[edit]
Community information for Kansas

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c "QuickFacts; Haskell County, Kansas; Population, Census, 2020 & 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on August 17, 2021. Retrieved August 16, 2021.
  2. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. ^ a b Blackmar, Frank Wilson (1912). Kansas: A Cyclopedia of State History, Embracing Events, Institutions, Industries, Counties, Cities, Towns, Prominent Persons, Etc. Standard Publishing Company. p. 826.
  4. ^ a b c Barry, John M (January 20, 2004). "The site of origin of the 1918 influenza pandemic and its public health implications". Journal of Translational Medicine. 2 (1): 3. doi:10.1186/1479-5876-2-3. ISSN 1479-5876. PMC 340389. PMID 14733617.
  5. ^ The 1918 Spanish Flu-A Conspiracy of Silence on YouTube
  6. ^ John M. Barry, The Great Influenza: The Story of the Deadliest Pandemic in History (New York: Penguin Books, c2004, 2005) p. 93.
  7. ^ , John M. Barry, The Great Influenza: The Story of the Deadliest Pandemic in History (New York: Penguin Books, c2004, 2005) pp. 94-95.
  8. ^ a b Haskell County, Kansas, Kansapedia. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
  9. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
  10. ^ Brackman, Barbara (1997). Kansas Trivia. Thomas Nelson Inc. p. 12. ISBN 9781418553814.
  11. ^ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 3, 2024.
  12. ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
  13. ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
  14. ^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
  15. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
  16. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  17. ^ "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections".
  18. ^ "Map of Wet and Dry Counties" (PDF). Kansas Department of Revenue Alcoholic Beverage Control. March 1, 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 7, 2023. Retrieved December 4, 2023.
  19. ^ a b "General Highway Map of Haskell County, Kansas" (PDF). Kansas Department of Transportation (KDOT). November 2008. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 25, 2024.

Further reading

[edit]
See also: List of books about Kansas, including historical information about its counties and cities
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Haskell County, Kansas.
County
Maps

37°34′N 100°52′W / 37.567°N 100.867°W / 37.567; -100.867

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