Haul truck

A large 400-short-ton (360-long-ton) Liebherr T 282B "ultra class" haul truck

Haul trucks are off-road, heavy-duty dump trucks specifically engineered for use in high-production mining and exceptionally demanding construction environments. Most are dual axle; at least two examples of tri-axles were made in the 1970s. Haul trucks are denominated by their payload capacity, by weight (variously in tons, tonnes, and kg).

Description

[edit]
The WABCO 3200 was a rare example of a tri-axle haul truck configuration
A medium sized haul truck, the 214-short-ton (194 t; 191-long-ton) Caterpillar 789[1]

Most haul trucks have a two-axle design, but two well-known models from the 1970s, the 350T Terex Titan and 235T WABCO 3200/B, had three axles. [2] Haul truck capacities range from 40 short tons (36.3 t; 35.7 long tons) to nearly 500 short tons (454 t; 446 long tons).

An example on the smaller end is the Caterpillar 775 (rated at 70 short tons [62 long tons]).[3] Quarry operations (which produce payloads that have value) are typically employ smaller trucks[why?] than mining operations (such as removing undesirable overburden, an expense).[citation needed]

Haul trucks can generally be distinguished from standard dump trucks by:

  • Being far too large to travel legally on public roads
  • Having a dump body made of exceptionally strong steel plate that extends over the cab to protect it, angled upright at its end (or entirely) to aid in dumping; some are heated by exhaust gases to prevent loads from sticking or freezing to the bed;
  • Having a driver's cab narrower than its body;
  • No axle suspension;
  • Limited speed and operating range;
  • Special off-road only tires;
  • A ratio of dead weight to payload not exceeding 1:1.6[citation needed]

Most large haul trucks use some form of traction motors coupled to regenerative brakings for power, braking, or both.

Haul trucks are classified by:

  • Type of unloading (dump or rear-eject);
  • Direction of discharge (side, rear);
  • Type of body (hopper, platform, sliding hopper, sliding platform).

Ultra class

[edit]
The world's largest ultra class haul truck, the Belarusian 496-short-ton (443-long-ton) BelAZ 75710

The largest, highest-payload-capacity haul trucks are referred to as ultra class trucks. The ultra class includes all haul trucks with a payload capacity of 300 short tons (270 long tons) or greater.[4] As of October 2013, the BelAZ 75710 has the highest payload capacity, 450 metric tons (440 long tons; 500 short tons).[5]


Notable examples

[edit]
Ultra-Class Haul Trucks
image model manufacturer first
model
number
built
capacity propulsion type notes
BelAZ 75710 BelAZ 2013 496 short tons (443 long tons) diesel-electric

Employs 8 tires, on two axles, with all-wheel drive, and all-wheel steering.

Liebherr T 282B Liebherr 2004 400 short tons (360 long tons) diesel-electric
Bucyrus MT6300AC Bucyrus International 2008 400 short tons (360 long tons) diesel-electric

Firm was acquired by Caterpillar in 2010.

Caterpillar 797 Caterpillar 1997 360 short tons (320 long tons) diesel-mechanical The 797F model has an increased capacity of 400 short tons.
Komatsu 960E-1 Komatsu America Corp. 2008 360 short tons (320 long tons) diesel-electric
Belaz 75600 BelAZ 2005 350 short tons (310 long tons) diesel-electric
Terex 33-19 "Titan" General Motors Diesel Division 1973 1 350 short tons (310 long tons) diesel-electric Prototype, only 1 built
Komatsu 930E Komatsu America Corp. 1995 2,100 320 short tons (290 long tons) diesel-electric Number built as of September, 2018

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Mining Trucks 789D, cat.com
  2. ^ Off-Highway Trucks from Caterpillar 2009.
  3. ^ "CATERPILLAR 775G OFF-HIGHWAY TRUCK". ConstructionEquipment.com. May 16, 2011. Archived from the original on July 14, 2018. Retrieved September 18, 2015.
  4. ^ Orleman 2000, p. 15.
  5. ^ Rogan, Alexander (5 March 2013). "BelAZ to build 450-tonne dump truck in 2013". Archived from the original on 28 September 2013.

References

[edit]
  • Orleman, Eric C. (2000-11-10). Johnson, Paul (ed.). Building Giant Earthmovers. Motorbooks Colortech. United States of America: MBI Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-7603-0640-6. Retrieved 2010-03-02. The ultra-hauler class includes trucks with a capacity rating of 300 tons and above.
  • "Off-Highway Trucks from Caterpillar". Caterpillar Website. Caterpillar Inc. 2009. Archived from the original on 2009-09-24. Retrieved 2009-10-21. Developed specifically for high production mining and heavy-duty construction applications ...