Highway 50 (Israel–Palestine)

Highway 50
כביש 50
Menahem Begin Boulevard Hebrew: כביש בגין, romanized: Sderot Menahem Begin Begin Expressway Hebrew: שדרות מנחם בגין, romanized: Kvish Begin
Southward toward Rozmarin Interchange
Route information
Length	15.68 km (9.74 mi)
Existed	June 1998–present
Major junctions
South end	Rozmarin Interchange
Major intersections	Dov Yosef Interchange Malha Interchange Golomb Interchange Givat Mordechai Interchange Kiryat Moshe Interchange Givat Shaul Interchange Golda Meir Interchange Yigael Yadin Interchange Benzion Netanyahu Interchange
North end	Atarot Junction
Location
Country	Israel
Major cities	Jerusalem Neighborhoods: Gilo, Beit Safafa, Malha/Manahat, Holyland, Katamonim, Bayit VeGan, Beit HaKerem, Givat Mordechai, Kiryat Moshe, Kiryat HaLeom, Givat Shaul, Har Hotzvim, Ramot, Beit Hanina, Atarot
Highway system
Roads in Israel Highways
← Highway 46 → Highway 55
← Route 402 Route 404 → Route 406

Highway 50 (formerly Route 404), officially called Begin Boulevard (Hebrew: שדרות בגין, Sderot Begin) and also referred to as Menachem Begin Expressway or Begin Highway, is a north-south urban freeway, through western Jerusalem, named after Israel's sixth Prime Minister, Menachem Begin. Local Jerusalemites simply refer to it as 'Begin' (Hebrew pronunciation: [ˈbegin]). It enters Area C of the West Bank on the north end and East Jerusalem on both ends.

The road follows a south-north path that connects key neighbourhoods and commercial areas, as well as several city arteries and national routes. Beginning at the Rosmarin Interchange (formerly the Tunnels Junction) of the Gush Road in Gilo, the road arcs north-westward through Gilo, Beit Safafa, and Sharafat turning northward through Malha. Passing Golomb Blvd, the road travels below a high ridge to the west on which sits the Holyland Park building complex. To the east is Emek Hatzva'im (Gazelle Valley), a green zone that was previously leased to Kiryat Anavim and Ma'ale HaHamisha and used for agricultural purposes.^[1] Further on, the path was excavated to create a depressed roadway between Bayit Vegan, Givat Mordechai, Ramat Beit HaKerem and Givat Ram. This section is equipped with noise barriers and speed cameras.^[2]

The road then passes through two tunnels under Jaffa Road and the busy western entrance to Jerusalem. Winding down the western and northern slopes below Romema, the road steeply descends 150 meters into Emek HaArazim (Valley of Cedars) with interchanges at Golda Meir Blvd (Route 436) and Yigal Yadin Blvd (Highway 1). Passing between Ramot and Ramat Shlomo, the road continues through the West Bank passing Beit Hanina, Bir Nabala and Atarot. Finally at Atarot Junction, Highway 50 officially becomes Highway 45 providing a continuous connection to Route 443 to Modi'in and the Tel Aviv area.

Begin Boulevard is made of the central section, which was completed two years ahead of schedule in June 1998,^[3] and the northern extension completed in late 2002^[4]

Since its construction, the road has been called national Route 404.^[5] In internal Jerusalem Municipality documentation, it was known as Jerusalem Road 4. In 2012, the Israel Ministry of Transport and the Jerusalem Municipality began using the designation 50.^[6][7] New blue "Highway 50" signs were posted by the National Roads Company of Israel to reflect this change.^[8][9][10] The Moriah-Jerusalem Development Corporation, responsible for road construction in Jerusalem also uses the designation, 50.

In the north, the "50/20 Interchange Project" was approved in 2010 along with the new Jerusalem Road 20 through Beit Hanina following Abdul Hamid Shomaan St. and Hizma Rd. to Sayeret Duchifat Blvd. Construction was begun in 2011. This route alleviates heavy traffic at Sha'ar Mizrach Junction (Highway 1 and Route 60) by providing an alternative route via Begin to central Jerusalem and Route 443 to Tel Aviv for residents of Beit Hanina, Shuafat, Pisgat Ze'ev and Neve Ya'akov.^[11][12] The preliminarily named "50/20 Interchange" was officially opened on 5 May 2013 and renamed after Benzion Netanyahu, the Israeli historian and father of Benjamin Netanyahu.^[13]

The "Begin South Project", first planned in 1990, involved widening Begin Boulevard from 4 to 6 lanes and extending it as a freeway past Golomb Boulevard to connect with Route 60 at the Tunnels Road in Gilo to Gush Etzion.^{[14][15][16][17][18]} Construction proceeded in stages beginning in 2010 to widen the highway between Givat Mordechai Interchange and Golomb Junction. At the same time, reconstruction of sewer lines further south was completed to accommodate the lowering of the highway to pass under Golomb Boulevard and local streets next to the Malha Mall, Teddy Stadium and the Jerusalem Malha Railway Station with interchange access to these locations. In 2013, a tunnel was built creating the new Golomb Interchange, and work proceeded to lower the road past the Malha Mall and Teddy Stadium with service roads on either side. This first stage was completed at the end of 2014.

Further south, past the Malha Railway Station, work continued through the neighbourhood of Sharafat with the completion of the second stage and the opening of the Dov Yosef Interchange in March 2015.

The final stage of the project between Dov Yosef Boulevard and Rosmarin Street through the neighbourhood of Beit Safafa went ahead despite the residents' objections and requests for a tunnel. The highway was built as a slightly depressed roadway with a 200-meter-wide, park-covered bridge at al-Qa'ash St. connecting the southwest corner of the neighbourhood with its center.^[12][19][20] Ongoing litigation between the residents and the municipality regarding the proximity of the highway to houses and the desire for additional crossing points continued during the construction process.^[21] Construction of ramps to Rosmarin Street were completed in the spring of 2016,^[22] while the underpass of Rosmarin Interchange connecting Highway 50 with Highway 60 southward was completed in September 2017.^[23][24] The total cost for the project was 1.1 B Shekels.^[6][25]

In the center, a plan has been published to connect Begin Boulevard at Givat Mordechai Interchange to Highway 1 at the new Motza Interchange via the new Jerusalem Road 16. The road would travel mostly through a series of tunnels under the parking lots of Shaare Zedek Medical Center and the west Jerusalem neighbourhoods of Yefeh Nof and Har Nof. In the center, the above-ground Nahal Revida Interchange would lead to Givat Shaul. This would create another entrance to Jerusalem to ease the traffic congestion at the Ben Gurion Blvd./Jaffa Road entrance and provide direct access to south Jerusalem from the west.^[26] Expected to be completed by 2018, the plan still has to pass stiff resistance on ecological grounds due to the above-ground section at Nahal Revida located in the Jerusalem Forest.^[27]

District[28]	Location[29]	km	mi	Name	Destinations	Notes
Jerusalem	Gilo	0.00	0.00	מחלף רוזמרין (Rosmarin Interchange)	Highway 60
	Beit Safafa	1.42	0.88	מחלף דב יוסף (Dov Yosef Interchange)[30][31]	Dov Yosef Blvd.
Green Line
Jerusalem	Malha	2.43	1.51	מחלף מלחה (Malha Interchange)	Road 3755 (Yitzhak Moda'i St.) Agudat Sport HaPoel Rd. David Benvenisti St.
	Katamonim	3.28	2.04	מחלף גולומב (Golomb Interchange)	Golomb Blvd.
	Givat Mordechai	4.32	2.68	מנהרות בייט (Beyth Tunnels)	Shmuel Beyth Street	4 lanes, 310 metres
		4.57	2.84	מחלף גבעת מרדכי (Givat Mordechai Interchange)	Highway 16 Bezalel Bazak Street
	Kiryat Moshe	6.75	4.19	מחלף קרית משה (Kiryat Moshe Interchange)	Yitzhak Rabin St.
	Romema	6.83	4.24	מנהרת ליפתא (Lifta Tunnel)	Jaffa Road	6 lanes, 570 metres
	Givat Shaul	7.49	4.65	מחלף גבעת שאול (Givat Shaul Interchange)	Route 333
	Har Hotzvim	9.15	5.69	מחלף גולדה מאיר (Golda Meir Interchange)	Route 436
Green Line
Jerusalem	Ramot neighbourhood	9.93	6.17	מחלף יגאל ידין (Yigael Yadin Interchange)	Highway 1 Route 436
	Beit Hanina	11.97	7.44	מחלף בן ציון נתניהו (Benzion Netanyahu Interchange)	Road 4197
	Atarot	15.68	9.74	צומת עטרות (Atarot Junction)	Highway 45
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

31°48′07″N 35°12′08″E / 31.80194°N 35.20222°E / 31.80194; 35.20222