Kamal Adwan Hospital sieges

Kamal Adwan Hospital siege
Part of the Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip
Date
  • 12–16 December 2023
  • 24–31 May 2024
  • October 2024
Location
Kamal Adwan Hospital, Beit Lahia
31°32′19″N 34°30′4″E / 31.53861°N 34.50111°E / 31.53861; 34.50111
Status nonoperational

During the Israel–Hamas war, the Kamal Adwan Hospital, a hospital in Beit Lahia, Gaza Strip, Palestine, has been besieged multiple times by the Israel Defense Forces. Hamas has been accused of using hospitals as shields and bases to conduct attacks against Israel.

Background

The Kamal Adwan Hospital was a site of conflict during the 2023 Israel–Hamas war following the Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip. Israel's targeting of Kamal Adwan came amidst a broader Israeli targeting of health facilities in the Gaza Strip. On 3 December, the IDF struck in the vicinity of Kamal Adwan hospital, killing at least four people according to Al-Jazeera.[1] On 11 December, the director of Kamal Adwan Hospital stated Israel had killed two mothers and their newborn babies when Israel targeted its maternity ward.[2] According to UN News, the "maternity department was reportedly hit during shelling and two mothers were killed".[3] As of August 2024, the Kamal Adwan Hospital houses the only functioning neo-natal ICU left in Gaza.[4]

December 2023

On 12 December, Israel raided the Kamal Adwan Hospital.[5][6] The head of pediatrics stated the IDF had ordered all men and boys above age sixteen to leave the hospital to be searched.[7] 70 medical staffers were arrested and taken to an unknown location.[8] The head of the World Health Organization, Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, stated he was "extremely worried" about the situation at Kamal Adwan.[9]

The IDF released a video claiming that it showed alleged terrorists near Kamal Adwan reportedly surrendering their weapons.[10] These claims were quickly challenged by family members who identified their non-combatant relatives.[11]

On 14 December, the Gaza Health Ministry reported that 2,500 internally displaced persons had been forcibly evacuated, and that IDF soldiers had prevented medical staff from continuing support to 12 babies in intensive care and ten emergency department patients, leading to two deaths.[12] Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus stated patients had evacuated Kamal Adwan hospital, resulting in the deaths of patients, including a nine-year-old.[13]

The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs stated on 16 December that according to media reports "an Israeli military bulldozer flattened the tents of a number of internally displaced persons outside the hospital, killing and wounding an unconfirmed number of people."[14] One reporter described "a terrifying massacre and unspeakable scenes" and stating, "Dozens of displaced, sick and wounded people were buried alive".[15] A man stated his 25-year-old son had been buried alive by IDF bulldozers at Kamal Adwan and in the same report the IDF was accused of necroviolence by running over corpses with a bulldozer.[16] A video purporting to be footage of the incident circulated but France24 reported that the video was unrelated to the hospital siege.[17] Director general of the Gaza Health Ministry, Munir al-Bursh, claims to have been shot at by Israeli forces while giving a press conference in front of the hospital, and that Israeli forces arrested 70 medical professionals.[18]

Israel claims that the hospital was used to shelter terrorists, arguing that this invalidated the protection provided by the Geneva Conventions.[19] Israel claims to have arrested 80 Hamas operatives in the base and had found weapons in the location.[19] Staff reported the Israeli troops shooting at doctors and setting dogs to maul handicapped patients.[20]

Detention and interrogation of hospital director

The hospital's director, Ahmed Kahlout, was arrested following the IDF's takeover of the hospital. Following an interrogation by the Israel Defense Forces, the Israeli military reported that he had confessed that the hospital was being used as a military operations center. He is reported to have said that he joined Hamas in 2010 at the equivalent rank of a brigadier general and that many hospital staff members, including doctors, nurses, paramedics, and others, also served as members of Hamas's al-Qassam brigades. According to Kahlout, Hamas concealed weapons within the hospital and integrated its operations into its functions.[21][22][23][24]

The Gaza Health Ministry said that "Kahlot’s confessions were extracted under the use of force, coercion, torture and intimidation."[25] The Ministry of Health said that Kahlout works for the Military Medical Services, a branch of the Ministry of the Interior and that the rank of brigadier general was part of the ranking system used by the Interior Ministry.[26]

May 2024

In May 2024, Israel bombed the vicinity of the hospital, which the World Health Organization chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus stated on 19 May was "deeply worrisome".[27] Adhanom Ghebreyesus stated on 21 May that the hospital had been attacked four times in the prior twenty four hours.[28] The same day, the hospital was evacuated, though patients connected to machines were unable to be evacuated.[29] Medics stated on 22 May that missiles hit the hospital's emergency department.[30] On 24 May, Israeli forces massed outside the hospital entrance, leading the hospital's head of nursing to state, "It is considered practically, because it is besieged, not operational".[31] The hospital was hit twice by artillery.[32] On 25 May, the head of pediatrics stated Israeli forces were still surrounding the hospital.[33] Upon Israel's withdrawal from the Jabalia refugee camp, Gaza’s Hamas-run civil defense agency stated that the Israeli military had destroyed the hospital's main electrical generators.[34][35][36] In August 2024, officials at Kamal Adwan Hospital warned that the hospital was at risk of closure due to lack of fuel and medicine, putting 11 children at risk of death.[4]

October and November 2024

In October 2024 during the siege of Northern Gaza, the Israeli military ordered the complete evacuation of the Kamal Adwan Hospital within 24 hours.[37] Dr. Hussam Abu Safia, the hospital's director, said the hospital would remain in service, stating, "We have babies and newborns that are in the ICU. Even if we can evacuate a few patients, we cannot leave the hospital because there is no other hospital that is providing services and treatment to children".[38] As Israel's deadline for evacuation, the Israeli army was reported to be advancing on the hospital while "committing massacres against civilians".[39] On 24 October 2024, the hospital director stated the Israeli military was committing "deliberate murder."[40] He stated, "There are more than 15 cases that need surgeries that we cannot perform in the hospital".[41]

On 24 October 2024, video showed Israeli tanks firing on the hospital.[42] On 25 October, Israel raided the hospital.[43] The Palestinian health ministry stated 600 patients, companions, and staff were trapped.[44] The following day, the World Health Organization stated that while the hospital was still under siege, it had regained contact with its employees there, stating that four employees were injured, 44 health workers had been detained, and four ambulances were damaged.[45] The Gaza Ministry of Health stated that Israeli forces had detained all male medical staff.[46] On 27 October, Dr. Khalil Daqran stated only one medical staff remained in the entire hospital, and that Israeli forces had set parts of the hospital on fire, destroyed its entrances, and demolished walls.[47] On 28 October, the IDF said that it captured 100 Hamas militants during the raid on Kamal Adwan Hospital. Both local medics and Hamas denied there was any militant presence at the hospital.[48] Later that day, the IDF withdrew from the hospital.[49]

Following the raid, the Gaza Ministry of Health stated, "Two children have died in the intensive care unit after the hospital's generators failed and the oxygen station was targeted".[50] One of the two remaining doctors at the hospital warned that "patients and the injured are strewn all over the hospital floor".[51] Officials stated one doctor had been killed by an Israeli drone.[52] The W.H.O. stated they had continued with patient evacuations, as Kamal Adwan's building was damaged, four ambulances were destroyed, and patients needed medical supplies, food, and water.[53] On 31 October, the UN stated a bombing on the hospital's third floor had destroyed critical medical supplies.[54] On 4 November 2024, the head of the WHO, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, wrote that shortly after a WHO mission, a reported attack on the third floor injured six child patients.[55] The same day, the health ministry stated that there were "many" injuries amongst patients and staff following Israel "violently bombard[ing]" the hospital.[56]

Reactions

Palestinian health minister Mai al-Kaila called for a probe into Israeli actions at Kamal Adwan.[57] The Council on American–Islamic Relations called for a United Nations international probe.[58] Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus stated WHO was appalled at the hospital's "effective destruction".[59] The UN Human Rights Office called for an investigation.[60]

See also

References

  1. ^ "At least four killed in strike in the vicinity of Kamal Adwan Hospital". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 16 December 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  2. ^ "'No one can leave': Northern Gaza hospital surrounded by Israeli tanks". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 12 December 2023. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
  3. ^ "'Humanitarian disaster zone': Gaza hospital capacity decimated – WHO". UN News. United Nations. 12 December 2023. Archived from the original on 4 January 2024. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
  4. ^ a b Rasheed, Zaheena; Rowlands, Lyndal (19 August 2024). "Lives of babies at risk as Kamal Adwan Hospital faces closure". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 20 August 2024.
  5. ^ Tétrault-Farber, Gabrielle. "WHO calls for Gaza hospital to be protected after reported raid". Reuters. Archived from the original on 2023-12-27. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
  6. ^ "Israeli forces raid Gaza's Kamal Adwan Hospital after days of strikes". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 31 December 2023. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
  7. ^ Dahman, Ibrahim (13 December 2023). "Gaza healthcare workers 'taken' by Israeli forces, says doctor, amid 'horrendous conditions' at hospitals". CNN. Archived from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
  8. ^ Balousha, Hazem; Berger, Miriam. "Pediatric doctor describes Israeli raid at hospital". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 18 December 2023. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
  9. ^ Patil, Anushka (13 December 2023). "Israeli forces raid another hospital and detain doctors, Gaza's health ministry says". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 5 January 2024. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
  10. ^ Fabian, Emanuel. "IDF airs clip of terrorists surrendering in northern Gaza hospital, says 70 handed themselves in". The Times of Israel. Archived from the original on 27 December 2023. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
  11. ^ Fahim, Kareem. "Images of stripped and humiliated Palestinians draw condemnation". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 19 December 2023. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
  12. ^ "Hostilities in the Gaza Strip and Israel Flash Update #69". UNOCHA. 14 December 2023. Archived from the original on 16 December 2023. Retrieved 16 December 2023.
  13. ^ Madani, Doha. "WHO 'extremely concerned' over reports of Kamal Adwan Hospital raid". NBC News. Archived from the original on 17 December 2023. Retrieved 17 December 2023.
  14. ^ "Gaza hospital destroyed, WHO chief reiterates ceasefire call". UN News. United Nations. 18 December 2023. Archived from the original on 27 December 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
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  16. ^ Li, Emma. "IDF accused of running over dead bodies with bulldozer outside of Gaza hospital". NBC News. Archived from the original on 23 December 2023. Retrieved 17 December 2023.
  17. ^ "This video does not show Israel bulldozing Palestinians at Gaza's Kamal Adwan Hospital". Archived from the original on 2024-03-29. Retrieved 2024-10-22.
  18. ^ Berger, Miriam. "WHO condemns 'effective destruction' of Kamal Adwan Hospital; Gaza health chief says IDF shot at him". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 23 December 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
  19. ^ a b "Gaza hospital in rubble after Israeli withdrawal". France 24. 17 December 2023. Archived from the original on 3 January 2024. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
  20. ^ Salman, Abeer (23 December 2023). "Doctors accuse Israeli troops of desecrating bodies and shooting civilians at hospital Israel says was Hamas 'command center'". CNN. Archived from the original on 5 February 2024. Retrieved 23 December 2023.
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  22. ^ TPS, Pesach Benson / (19 December 2023). "Gaza Hospital Director Admits He Works for Hamas". Archived from the original on 5 January 2024. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
  23. ^ Zitun, Yoav (19 December 2023). "Gaza hospital chief confirms facility's use as Hamas military base staffed by terrorist operatives". Ynetnews. Archived from the original on 20 December 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
  24. ^ Spencer, Richard (19 December 2023). "Israel posts doctor's 'Hamas confession' after hospital arrests". The Times. Archived from the original on 3 January 2024. Retrieved 21 December 2023.
  25. ^ "Israel accused of extracting confessions of Gaza's hospital director under duress". AA. 20 December 2023. Archived from the original on 5 January 2024. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
  26. ^ "Ministry of Health denounces forcing Dr. Kahlout to make confessions under duress". The Palestinian Information Center. 20 December 2023. Archived from the original on 27 December 2023. Retrieved 24 December 2023.
  27. ^ Ghebreyesus, Tedros Adhanom [@DrTedros] (2024-05-19). "Reports of intense hostilities in the vicinity of Kamal Adwan hospital in northern #Gaza - and an increased influx of injured patients to the hospital - are deeply worrisome given the facility's limited capacity to provide care. Evacuation orders, intensified bombardment, and no passage for aid across Gaza continue to put civilian lives and health at grave risk. Entry of emergency medical teams and medical supplies through the Rafah border crossing into Gaza has been blocked since 6 May. Inside the Strip, supplies of essential medicines and fuel are very low, and movement is limited due to security constraints. We have lost the words to describe the situation in Gaza. It is high time for a ceasefire and peace for the civilians there" (Tweet). Retrieved 2024-10-31 – via Twitter.
  28. ^ Ghebreyesus, Tedros Adhanom [@DrTedros] (2024-05-22). "Kamal Adwan hospital in northern #Gaza was reportedly hit four times today, damaging the intensive care unit, reception, administration and the roof. 20 health staff and 13 patients remain inside but efforts are underway to evacuate them. Over the past few weeks, intense hostilities have reportedly occurred in the vicinity of the hospital that resulted in an increased influx of injured patients to the already overstretched facility. Kamal Adwan is the largest partially functional hospital in northern Gaza, and the only one providing hemodialysis services. Evacuation of health workers and patients would make the hospital non-functional, further depleting health services in Northern Gaza. We appeal once again for protection of all patients and health workers. We urge for a ceasefire and safe, sustained humanitarian access" (Tweet). Retrieved 2024-10-31 – via Twitter.
  29. ^ Khoudary, Hind. "Some patients unable to be evacuated from Kamal Adwan Hospital". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
  30. ^ "Israel's military repeatedly attacks besieged northern Gaza hospitals". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 31 May 2024. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  31. ^ Abdulrahim, Raja (24 May 2024). "Israeli Forces Cut Off Access to Kamal Adwan Hospital in Northern Gaza". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 25 May 2024. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
  32. ^ Abu Azzoum, Tareq. "Onslaught continues on northern Gaza hospitals". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 3 June 2024. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
  33. ^ "Kamal Adwan Hospital still surrounded by Israeli forces". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
  34. ^ "Dozens of bodies recovered after Israeli withdrawal from Jabalia". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 9 June 2024. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
  35. ^ "Power generators destroyed by Israeli forces at Kamal Adwan Hospital". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 15 June 2024. Retrieved 15 June 2024.
  36. ^ "Gazans returning to Jabalia describe 'horrifying' destruction". BBC. 4 June 2024. Archived from the original on 5 June 2024. Retrieved 15 June 2024.
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  38. ^ "Gaza hospital director says will not comply with Israeli order to shut facility". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
  39. ^ al-Kahlout, Moath. "Smell of burned human flesh at northern Gaza hospital as Israeli attacks continue". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 10 October 2024.
  40. ^ "'Massacres' committed by Israeli forces near north Gaza hospital". Al Jazeera English. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
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  43. ^ Kermani, Secunder. "Israel raids hospital in Northern Gaza, kills dozens with air strikes in the south". Channel 4. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
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  46. ^ "Israeli forces kill children, detain staff and patients at Gaza's Kamal Adwan Hospital". The New Arab. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
  47. ^ Vock, Ido. "One medic left at Gaza hospital as Israel says it arrested 100 'terrorists'". BBC News. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
  48. ^ "Some 100,000 residents trapped in Israel's north Gaza assault, Palestinians say". CBC. 28 October 2024.
  49. ^ "IDF withdraws from northern Gaza's last operational hospital; cease-fire talks resume in Doha". The Washington Post. 28 October 2024.
  50. ^ "Two children die in Gaza's Kamal Adwan hospital following raid". Middle East Eye. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  51. ^ "Kamal Adwan hospital director appeals to 'entire world' for help to save Gaza's sick, dying". Al Jazeera English. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  52. ^ Debre, Isabel; Frankel, Julia; Keath, Lee. "Still wrecked from past Israeli raids, hospitals in northern Gaza come under attack again". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 4 November 2024. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
  53. ^ "WHO evacuates more patients from Kamal Adwan". Rural Radio. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  54. ^ Alhenawi, Ruba. "Bombing of northern Gaza hospital destroyed vital medical supplies, says UN". CNN. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  55. ^ @DrTedros (November 4, 2024). "Shortly after the @WHO-led mission to Kamal Adwan Hospital yesterday, the facility's third floor was reportedly hit again, injuring six children who are patients there" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  56. ^ "Kamal Adwan Hospital attack ongoing with Israeli artillery shelling". Al Jazeera English. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
  57. ^ "PA health minister seeks probe into deadly Israeli raid on Gaza hospital". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 31 December 2023. Retrieved 17 December 2023.
  58. ^ Hooper, Ibrahim. "CAIR Calls for UN Probe of Reports Israeli Military Bulldozed Gaza Medical Tents, Burying Injured Palestinians Alive". CAIR. Archived from the original on 17 December 2023. Retrieved 17 December 2023.
  59. ^ "WHO Denounces 'Destruction' Of Gaza Hospital". Barron's. Agence France Presse. Archived from the original on 5 January 2024. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
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