Keio University

For the school corporation established in 1858 that operates Keio University and other schools, see Keio Gijuku (Gakkō Hōjin).
Keio University
慶應義塾大学
Mottoペンは剣よりも強し Calamus Gladio Fortior
Motto in English
'The pen is mightier than the sword'
TypePrivate; Research University
Established23 April 1858; 166 years ago (23 April 1858)
FounderFukuzawa Yukichi
AffiliationAACSB, APRU, CEMS – The Global Alliance in Management Education, COBS, ASAIHL
PresidentKohei Itoh
Academic staff
2,791 full-time (As of May 1, 2022)[1]
Administrative staff
3,252 full-time (As of May 1, 2022)[2]
Students33,437 (As of May 1, 2022)[3][needs update]
Undergraduates28,641 (As of May 1, 2022)[3][needs update]
Postgraduates6,222 (As of May 1, 2022)[3][needs update]
Location
Minato
,
Tokyo
,
Japan
CampusUrban
Flag
ColorsGold, Navy Blue, and Red      
MascotKeio Unicorn
Athletics43 Varsity Teams
Websitekeio.ac.jp
Japanese name
Kanji慶應義塾大学
Hiraganaけいおうぎじゅく
Transcriptions
RomanizationKeiōgijuku Daigaku

Keio University (慶應義塾大学, Keiō Gijuku Daigaku), abbreviated as Keio (慶應) or Keidai (慶大), is a private research university located in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. It was originally established as a school for Western studies in 1858 in Edo. It was granted university status in 1920, becoming one of the first private universities in the country.

The university is one of the members of the Top Global University Project (Top Type), funded by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.[4] Keio University is also one of the member universities of RU11[5] and APRU, and it is one of two Japanese universities (alongside the University of Tokyo) to be a member of the World Economic Forum's Global University Leaders Forum.[6]

Overview

[edit]
The founder of Keio Fukuzawa Yukichi's statue on Hiyoshi campus.

Keio traces its history to 1858 when Fukuzawa Yukichi, who had studied the Western educational system at Brown University in the United States, started to teach Dutch while he was a guest of the Okudaira family. In 1868 he changed the name of the school to Keio Gijuku and devoted his time to education. While Keio's initial identity was that of a private school of Western studies, it expanded and established its first university faculty in 1890.

Keio has approximately 30 Research Centres located on its five main campuses and at other facilities for advanced research in Japan.[7] Keio University Research Institute at SFC (KRIS) has joined the MIT and the French INRIA in hosting the international W3C.[8]

As of June 2022, Keio University holds the largest endowment fund among all Japanese universities, with ¥78 billion. This is followed by Waseda University at ¥29 billion, Kyoto University at ¥20 billion and the University of Tokyo at ¥15 billion.[9]

History

[edit]
Keio Gijuku in Tsukiji in 1869

Keio University (慶應義塾大学, Keiō Gijuku Daigaku) was first established in 1858 as a School of Western studies located in one of the mansion houses at Tsukiji by founder Fukuzawa Yukichi.[10] "Shinshu Kan" was the original name of Keio University. Keio University's root is considered to be the Han school for Kokugaku studies, named Shinshu Kan established in 1796.[citation needed] It later changed its name to "Keio Gijuku" in 1868, which originated from the era name "Keio",[11] with "Gijuku" as the translation of Private school.[12] It moved to its current location in 1871, established a Medical school in 1873, along with the university department of Economics, Law and Literacy studies in 1890.[citation needed]

Year University Development
1858 Establishment of Keio Gijuku
1879 Keio sought financial support from the government but failed.[13] Instead, it became a vocational school funded by daimyōs including Shimazu clan.
1890 Departments of Economics, Law, and Letters established
1906 Graduate studies programs established
1917 School of Medicine established
1920 Keio authorized as a university in the prewar system
1944 School of Technology established
1949 Keio authorized as a university in the post-war system
1957 School of Business and Commerce established
1962 Graduate School of Business Administration established
1981 Department of Science and Technology established
1990 School of Environmental and Information Studies and School of Policy Management established
2001 School of Nursing and Medical Care established
2004 School of Law established
2008 School of Pharmacy established
2008 Graduate School of Media Design established

In 1899, Keio sent 6 students to study abroad. In the same year, it also accepted three international students from India, Qing-dynasty China, and Thailand. Eight international students entered from Taiwan (which had technically been a territory of the Japanese Empire since 1895) the following year. In 1946, Keio University began accepting female students.[citation needed] In 2006, a paper was published in the research journal Science with an undergraduate as its first listed author.[14]

In 1916, Keio was visited by Bengali poet Rabindranath Tagore. Another visit in 1922 included physicist Albert Einstein, who presented a special lecture on the theory of relativity.[15][16] In 2008, Keio University was visited by Prince Charles. In 2023, Sam Altman provided a lecture on campus.[citation needed]

Keio University in May 1912

Presidents

[edit]

Since the president system was established in 1881, Keio University has had 20 presidents.[17]

President Tenure President Tenure President Tenure President Tenure
1. Sadashiro Hamano 1881–1887 7. Shinzo Koizumi 1933–1947 13. Saku Sato 1969–1973 19. Akira Haseyama 2017–2021
2. Nobukichi Koizumi 1887–1890 8. Seiichiro Takahashi 1946–1947 14. Hiroshi Kuno 1973–1977 20. Kohei Itoh 2021–
3. Tokujiro Obata 1890–1897 9. Kouji Ushioda 1947–1956 15. Tadao Ishikawa 1977–1993
4. Eikichi Kamata 1898–1922 10. Fukutaro Okui 1956–1960 16. Yasuhiko Torii 1993–2001
5. Ichitaro Fukuzawa 1922–1923 11. Shohei Takamura 1960–1965 17. Yuichiro Anzai 2001–2009
6. Kiroku Hayashi 1923–1933 12. Kunio Nagasawa 1965–1969 18. Atsushi Seike 2009–2017

Student body

[edit]

In 2021, there were 33,469 students at Keio University, with 28,667 undergraduate students and 4,802 graduate students. Although two-thirds of the student body are males, the gender ratio differs between different majors (e.g. 56% of students are female in the Faculty of Letters, whereas in the School of Medicine, three-quarters of students are men.).[3]

Demographics of student body in 2021[3][18]
Undergraduate Graduate (Master) Graduate (Doctor) Professional Total
Total 28,667 3,034 1,408 360 33,469
Male 18,346 2,044 985 228 21,603
Female 10,321 990 423 132 11,866
International 874 861 1,735

There were 1,908 international students on May 1, 2021, with 874 undergraduate students (3.1% of total undergraduate students (=28,667)), 861 graduate students (18.0% of total graduate students (=4,802) ) and 173 other students.[18] China provided the most international students with 1,016, followed by South Korea (436), France (66), Taiwan (51), the United States (36), Indonesia (34), and Germany (29).[18]

Student life

[edit]
Mita Sai

Societies

[edit]

In Japanese universities, student societies are known as "circles". There are over 410 circles at Keio University by estimate, including both official and unofficial circles.[19]

Athletics

[edit]

The interest of Keio's students in baseball stretches back to the early years of the 20th century. In 1913, an American touring team of players from the New York Giants and the Chicago White Sox played an exhibition game against the Keio team.[20] In a 1932 exhibition game, the Keio team beat the University of Michigan team, which was then touring Japan.[21] Keio's baseball team plays in the Tokyo Big6 Baseball League.

Kei-So rivalry

[edit]
Kei-So Sen

Traditionally, there has been a strong rivalry between Keio and Waseda University. There are annually many matches between the two universities in several sports, such as baseball, rowing, rugby, lacrosse, track and field, American football, association football, aikido, karate, basketball, tennis, swimming, fencing, figure skating, ice hockey, and field hockey. These games are called "Kei–So Sen (慶早戦)" or, more generally, "So–Kei Sen (早慶戦)".

The Kei-So baseball rivalry, which dates back more than a century, is especially famous because of its importance in Japanese baseball history. The most famous Kei-So baseball game, which was played on October 16, 1943, was made into a movie titled "The Last Game – the Final So-Kei Sen -" in 2008.

American football

[edit]
Main article: Keio Unicorns football

Scandals

[edit]

In October 2016, six male students from Keio Advertisement Society, a long-standing student club known for its organisation of the Miss Keio pageant contest, were investigated for gang rape during a club activity.[22] An out-of-court settlement was reached and the students were not prosecuted.[23] In May 2018, another three students were arrested for sexual assaults.[24]

In March 2017, a student tennis club was disbanded after a student died of alcohol poisoning during a club activity. Two other Keio students died due to over-drinking in 2012 and 2013.[25]

In June 2017, the school's election committee unconventionally selected Haseyama Akira, a legal history professor who won second place at the general election among teachers and staff, to be the school's new president, breaking a 50-year convention.[26]

In late 2019, both the American football team and the cheerleading club suspended club activities for "inappropriate behaviours".[27][28]

In January 2020, it was reported that a former member of the school president's secretarial staff had installed a camera in a female toilet stall on the Mita campus, filming over a thousand videos over 3 months.[29][30]

Academic rankings and reputation

[edit]
University rankings
THE National[31] General 12
T. Reuters National[32] Research 13
WE [ja] National[33] Employment 3
NBP Greater Tokyo[34][35] Reputation 3
Shimano National[36] Selectivity SA
QS Asia
(Asia version)[37]		 General =48
THE Asia
(Asia version)[38]		 General 164
THE World[39] General 601–800
QS World[40] General 188
ARWU World[41] Research 301–400
ENSMP World[42] Alumni 3
Program rankings
Social Sciences & Humanities
LAW
Asahi National[43] Research 2
Natural Sciences & Technology
Engineering
QS World[44] General 179

Keio ranks 53rd in the world in the Times Higher Education's Alma Mater Index.[49] It ranks 34th globally in the Center for World University Rankings (CWUR) and 3rd in Asia.[50] Keio is ranked at 58th of the Reuters Top 100 innovative universities worldwide.[51] British Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) company estimates that Keio is ranked the 192nd in QS World University Rankings 2017/18.[52] It is ranked the 45th in QS World University Ranking 2017/18 for Graduate Employability Ranking. In the Asian University Ranking (2015), Quacquarelli Symonds also ranked Keio as 37th in Asia.[52] The Academic Ranking of World Universities (2015), which is compiled by Shanghai Jiao Tong University, ranks Keio 151-175 in the world and 37 in Asia.[53]

Research performance

[edit]

According to Thomson Reuters, Keio is the 10th best research university in Japan, the only private university within the Top 15.[32] Keio has provided 3 presidents of Japanese Economic Association in its 42-year history, and this number is 5th largest.[54]

Business

[edit]

Keio University ranks second in Japan, for the number of alumni holding CEO positions in Fortune Global 500 companies, according to Mines ParisTech: Professional Ranking of World Universities.[42]

Keio Business School (KBS) is Japan's first business school and one of four Japanese institutions holding The Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) accreditation.[55] Eduniversal also ranked Keio as the No.1 in Japan (75th in the world).[56] In Eduniversal Keio is one of 3 Japanese schools categorized in "Universal Business schools with major international influence". In 2012, the Keio Business School became a founding member of the university alliance Council on Business & Society.[citation needed]

Medicine

[edit]

There have been 4 presidents of Japan Medical Association related to this university (2 Alumni and 2 professors).[note 1] This number is the 2nd largest among Japanese medical schools.[57] Keio is one of 2 Japanese universities which provided a president for the World Medical Association.[58]

Law

[edit]

In 2010 and 2015, Keio University Law School ranked highest among all Japanese universities for the Bar Exam passage rate.[59] The number of Members in Parliament who graduated from Keio is the 3rd highest in Japan.[60][61]

Popularity and selectivity

[edit]

Nikkei BP has been publishing a ranking system called "Brand rankings of Japanese universities" every year, composed of various indicators relating to the reputation and brand power of Japanese institutions. Keio University was placed 1st in 2014, and ranked 2nd in 2015 and 2016 in the Greater Tokyo Area.[62] Webometrics (2008) also ranks Keio University as 3rd in Japan, 11th in Asia, and 208th in the world for quantity and quality of web presence and link visibility.[63]

Evaluation from Business World

[edit]
The university ranking of the ratio of "president and chief executive officer of listed company" in Japan
Ranking
all universities in Japan 3rd[64] out of all the 744[65] universities which existed as of 2006
Source 2006 Survey[64] by Weekly Diamond [ja] on the ranking of the universities which produced the high ratio of the graduates who hold the position of "president and chief executive officer of listed company" to all the graduates of each university
The university ranking according to the ratio of the number of officers & managers produced by each university to the number of graduates
Ranking
all universities in Japan 26th[66] out of all the 778[67] universities which existed as of 2010
Source 2010 Survey by Weekly Economist [ja] on the ranking of universities according to the ratio of the number of the officers & managers produced by each university to the number of graduates
The university ranking according to the order of the evaluation by Personnel Departments of Leading Companies in Japan
Ranking
Japan 15th[68] (out of 781[69]　universities in Japan as of 2020)
Source 2020 Nikkei Survey[70] to all listed (3,714[71]) and leading unlisted (1,100), totally 4,814 companies[70]

Finance

[edit]
Operating revenues/expenses in 2010[72]
Revenues (yen in millions) ratio Expenses (yen in millions) ratio
Tuition and fees 49,204 24.97% Compensation and benefits 65,270 33.12%
Investment return 4,170 2.12% Education & Research 52,148 26.46%
Capital gain 20,817 10.56% Investment 32,923 16.71%
National appropriation/Grants (Direct) 17,082 8.67% Repayment of debt 13,236 6.72%
Medical care 48,274 24.50%
Debt loan 11,680 5.93%
Endowments 5,475 2.78%
Total 197,061 100.00% Total 197,061 100.00%

According to Keio's financial report, there was an operating revenue of 197 billion yen in 2010.[72] The top three largest incomes were from "tuition and fees", "medical care" and "capital gain", with 49 billion yen, 48 billion yen and 21 billion yen respectively. The number of endowments in 2010 was about 5 billion yen. Keio is known for having one of the largest financial endowments of any Japanese university.[73]

On the other hand, the top 3 largest expenses in 2010 were "Compensation and benefits", "Education & Research" and "Investment", with 65 billion yen, 52 billion yen and 33 billion yen respectively. The total asset value in 2010 was about 364 billion yen with an increase of 5 billion yen. In addition, the total amount of assets under management was approximately 109 billion yen in 2010, composed mainly of cash, deposits with banks and marketable securities.[72]

Tuition fees

[edit]
Tuition fees[74][75]
Undergraduate 4 years in Total (yen) Per year (yen)
Social Science & Humanities 4,440,000 1,110,000
Natural Science & Engineering 6,280,000 1,570,000
SFC 5,320,000 1,330,000
School of Medicine 14,440,000 3,610,000
Graduate 2 years in Total (yen) Per year (yen)
Social Science & Humanities 1,380,000 690,000
Natural Science & Engineering 1,965,000 983,000
SFC 2,071,000 1,035,000
School of Medicine 2,625,000 1,313,000


At Keio University, tuition fees vary and depends on the course. Social Science & Humanity studies have the lowest fees at approximately 1,110,000 yen per year, with the School of Medicine having the highest fees of around 3,610,000 yen per year.[74] The tuition fees for various graduate schools cost much less than those for undergraduate studies, e.g. 690,000 yen per year for Social Science & Humanities and 1,313,000 yen per year for School of Medicine.[75]

Although it is acceptable to pay twice with half in spring and half in autumn, the "entrance fee" must be paid before enrolment. The entrance fee for undergraduate study is 200,000 yen and the one for graduate study is 310,000 yen.[74][75]

Scholarship/loan

[edit]
Scholarship/loan[76]
2008 the number of students ratio average amount (yen)
Total using scholarship/loan 9,764 30.25%
Total of using scholarship funded by Keio 3,000 9.30% 300,000
International students (undergraduate) 397 appx. 100% 259,942
International students (graduate) 359 appx. 75% 517,473

In 2008, 9,764 students (about 30% of all students) used either scholarships or loans throughout their studies.[76] Additionally, Keio funds over 3,000 students who receive, on average, scholarships of 300,000 yen.[76]

Organization

[edit]
New South building on Mita Campus
Kitasato Memorial Medical Library on Shinanomachi campus
3rd Building on Shiba Kyoritsu campus

Faculties

[edit]

Keio University has ten undergraduate faculties, with each operating independently and offering educational and research activities. The faculties, with a planned annual number of enrolled first-year students in parentheses, are:

  • Faculty of Letters (800)
  • Faculty of Economics (1200)
  • Faculty of Law (1200)
  • Faculty of Business and Commerce (1000)
  • School of Medicine (112)
  • Faculty of Science and Technology (932)
  • Faculty of Policy Management (425)
  • Faculty of Environment and Information Studies (425)
  • Faculty of Nursing and Medical Care (100)
  • Faculty of Pharmacy (210)

Graduate schools

[edit]

Keio has fourteen graduate schools. Many professors are associated with both an undergraduate faculty and a graduate school.

  • Graduate School of Letters
  • Graduate School of Economics
  • Graduate School of Law
  • Graduate School of Human Relations
  • Graduate School of Business and Commerce
  • Graduate School of Medicine
  • Graduate School of Science and Technology
  • Graduate School of Business Administration
  • Graduate School of Media and Governance
  • Graduate School of Health Management
  • Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Law School
  • Graduate School of Media Design
  • Graduate School of System Design and Management

Media Centers

[edit]
Main article: Keio Media Centers (Libraries)

Keio's Media Centers, with combined holdings of over 4.58 million books and publications, are one of the largest academic information storehouses in the country.[77]

  • Mita Media Center
  • Hiyoshi Media Center
  • Media Center for Science and Technology
  • Shinanomachi Media Center
  • SFC Media Center

Information technology Centers

[edit]
  • ITC Headquarters
  • Mita ITC
  • Hiyoshi ITC
  • Shinanomachi ITC
  • Science & Technology ITC
  • Shonan Fujisawa ITC

Hospital

[edit]

Keio University Hospital is one of the largest general hospitals in Japan,[citation needed] the number of surgeries for carcinoma uteri in 2007 was top and the one for lung cancer was third among all university hospitals.[78] The number of trainee doctors who selected Keio as their first choice training hospital was 30 (33rd) among all Japanese teaching hospitals in 2010.[79] Established in 1920, it has over 1,000 beds, a leading laboratory, and research and medical information divisions.[7]

  • Keio University Hospital (慶應義塾大学病院 or 慶應大学病院)

Campuses

[edit]

There are eleven campuses.

Notable alumni

[edit]

Keio alumni include Japanese prime ministers Shigeru Ishiba (2024–current), Junichiro Koizumi (2001–2006), Ryutaro Hashimoto (1996–1998), and Tsuyoshi Inukai (1931–1932). Dozens of other alumni have been cabinet members and governors in the post-war period.[80] Keio alumni include 230 CEOs of major companies and 97 CEOs of foreign-affiliated companies.[7] Keio has over 320,000 alumni in 866 alumni associations.[7][81]

Politicians

[edit]
Former Japanese prime minister Tsuyoshi Inukai (1931–1932)
Former Japanese prime minister Ryutaro Hashimoto (1996–1998)
Former Japanese prime minister Junichiro Koizumi (2001–2006)
Japanese prime minister Shigeru Ishiba (2024–present)

Public servants, international Organizations

[edit]

Central Bank Governors

[edit]

Astronauts

[edit]

Finance

[edit]

Media

[edit]
American sociologist Ted Nelson

Business

[edit]

Academia

[edit]
JAXA astronaut Chiaki Mukai

Art

[edit]

Others

[edit]

Notable faculty

[edit]

Bibliography

[edit]
  • The Keiogijuku University: a brief account of its history, aims and equipment. Keio Gijuku University. 1912.

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Kitasato Shibasaburō, Taichi Kitajima, Taro Takemi and Toshiro Murase

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Academic Staff (As of May 1, 2022)" (PDF). Keio University. 2022-05-01.
  2. ^ "Administrative Staff (As of May 1, 2022)" (PDF). Keio University. 2022-05-01.
  3. ^ a b c d e "Student Enrollment (As of May 1, 2022)" (PDF). Keio University. 2022-05-01.
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  11. ^ 1868 is 4th year of Keio
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