Killerton

Killerton
Killerton House
TypeCountry House
LocationBroadclyst
Coordinates50°47′29″N 3°27′28″W / 50.7915°N 3.4578°W / 50.7915; -3.4578
OS grid referenceSS 97349 00089
AreaDevon
Built1778
ArchitectJohn Johnson
OwnerNational Trust
Listed Building – Grade II*
Official nameKillerton House and Ha Ha approximately 20 metres in front of entrance
Designated11 November 1952
Reference no.1098331
Listed Building – Grade II*
Official nameThe Bear's Hut 220 metres North West of Killerton House
Designated20 May 1985
Reference no.1170706
Official nameKillerton House
Designated12 Aug 1987
Reference no.1000694
Killerton is located in Devon
Killerton
Location of Killerton in Devon

Killerton is an 18th-century house in Broadclyst, Exeter, Devon, England, which, with its hillside garden and estate, has been owned by the National Trust since 1944 and is open to the public. The National Trust displays the house as a comfortable home. On display in the house is a collection of 18th- to 20th-century costumes, originally known as the Paulise de Bush collection, shown in period rooms.

The estate covers some 2,590 hectares (25.9 km2, 6,400 acres).[1] Included in the estate is a steep wooded hillside with the remains of an Iron Age hill fort on top of it, known as Dolbury, which has also yielded evidence of Roman occupation, namely a triple-ditched Roman fort or marching camp which is still visible in aerial photographs, despite heavy ploughing within the hill fort.[2]

Killerton House itself and the Bear's Hut summerhouse in the grounds are Grade II* listed buildings.[3][4] The gardens are Grade II* listed in the National Register of Historic Parks and Gardens.[5]

History

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Killerton Chapel, which is grade I listed[6]

The manor of Columbjohn in the parish of Broadclyst was purchased by Sir John Acland, MP and High Sheriff of Devon. Shortly afterwards, in 1612, the adjoining estate of Killerton was purchased by his nephew Sir Arthur Acland of Acland in the parish of Landkey.[7][8] The present Georgian Killerton House was built by the 7th baronet, Sir Thomas Dyke Acland, in 1778. The chapel was built in 1738 to the designs of Charles Robert Cockerell.[citation needed]

The garden was created in the 1770s by John Veitch, one of the leading landscape designers of the time. It features rhododendrons, magnolias, herbaceous borders and rare trees, as well as an ice house and early 19th-century summer house. The surrounding parkland and woods offer several circular walks. Plans attributed to William Sawrey Gilpin (1762-1843) for a new drive from Killerton to Columbjohn (1820) were not implemented.[5] A short play about the meeting between Veitch and Gilpin was commissioned by the National Trust to be performed in the gardens of Killerton in mid 2016.[9]

Killerton was given to the National Trust by the British politician Sir Richard Dyke Acland, 15th Baronet in 1944,[10] and in September 2015 the National Trust commissioned a short drama to be staged on the site entitled The Gift, written by Eileen Dillon, telling the story of Sir Richard's decision to hand over his estate.[citation needed]

Lost house

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In 2016 an archaeological dig discovered what is believed to be a footprint of an intended replacement home to the current Killerton. Reports believe that this is what has been known in history as the lost house of Devon, of 240 years, designed by architect James Wyatt. It is within the grounds a shortish walk from the current site, and its existence was obscured by a copse that looks to have been deliberately planted to hide it.[citation needed]

The National Trust has placed woodwork in the four corners of what is believed would have been the corners of the intended property. They have also placed a door and frame on what they believe would have been the entrance to the intended billiard room. Killerton's information boards on the site state that there is an intention for further archaeological digs in the future.[11]

References

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  1. ^ "National Trust - Killerton". web page. National Trust. Retrieved 21 April 2012.
  2. ^ R.R.Sellman; Aspects of Devon History, Devon Books 1985 - ISBN 0-86114-756-1 - Chapter 2; The Iron Age in Devon. Map Page 11 of Iron Age hill forts in Devon includes Dolbury.
  3. ^ Historic England. "KILLERTON HOUSE AND HA HA APPROXIMATELY 20 METRES IN FRONT OF ENTRANCE (1098331)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
  4. ^ Historic England. "THE BEAR'S HUT 220 METRES NORTH NORTH WEST OF KILLERTON HOUSE (1170706)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
  5. ^ a b Historic England. "Killerton House (1000694)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
  6. ^ Historic England Chapel of the Holy Evangelists
  7. ^ Vivian, Lt.Col. J.L., (Ed.) The Visitations of the County of Devon: Comprising the Heralds' Visitations of 1531, 1564 & 1620, Exeter, 1895, p.307, pedigree of Drewe
  8. ^ Acland, Anne, A Devon Family: The Story of the Aclands. London and Chichester: Phillimore, 1981, pp.4-6
  9. ^ "ParkLife drama | National Trust". www.nationaltrust.org.uk. Archived from the original on 25 June 2016.
  10. ^ "The history of Killerton House". National Trust. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
  11. ^ "Volunteering in very special places Volunteer, Killerton". National Trust. Retrieved 5 July 2016.
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