Kurdish calendar

The Kurdish calendar^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5] is a calendar used in the Kurdistan region of Iraq alongside the Islamic and Gregorian calendar.^[6]

History

The start of the calendar is marked by the Battle of Nineveh, a conquest of the Assyrians by the Medes in 612 BC.^[1]^[4]^[3]

The names for the months are often derived from society's events in that month.^[7]

Order	Days	Native Script	Romanized	Likely Meaning
1	31	خاکەلێوە	Xakelêwe
2	31	گوڵان	Gullan	Likely derived from the Kurdish word 'Gul' meaning flower.
3	31	زەردان	Zerdan / Cozerdan
4	31	پووشپەڕ	Puşperr
5	31	گەلاوێژ	Gelawêj	Named after the Gelawêj star (Sirius) that becomes visible in this month.
6	31	خەرمانان	Xermanan	Likely derived from the word Kurdish word 'Xerm' meaning warm.
7	30	بەران	Beran / Razbar
8	30	گێزان	Xezan / Khazalawar
9	30	ﺳﺎﺮﺍﻦ	Saran / Sermawez
10	30	بەفران	Befran / Befranbar	Likely derived from the word 'Befr' meaning snow.
11	30	ڕێبەندان	Rêbendan
12	29/30	ڕەشەمە	Reşeme

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Hirschler, K. (2001). "Defining the Nation: Kurdish Historiography in Turkey in the 1990s" (PDF). Middle Eastern Studies. 37 (3). Informa UK Limited: 145–166. doi:10.1080/714004406. ISSN 0026-3206. S2CID 59445286.
Kirmanj, Sherko (2014-07-15). "Kurdish History Textbooks: Building a Nation-State within a Nation-State". The Middle East Journal. 68 (3): 367–384. doi:10.3751/68.3.12. ISSN 0026-3141. S2CID 144636394.
O'Leary, Brendan; McGarry, John; Ṣāliḥ, Khālid (2005). The future of Kurdistan in Iraq. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 0-8122-3870-2. OCLC 57001883.
Rafaat, Aram (2016-03-07). "The fundamental characteristics of the Kurdish nationhood project in modern Iraq". Middle Eastern Studies. 52 (3). Informa UK Limited: 488–504. doi:10.1080/00263206.2015.1124415. ISSN 0026-3206. S2CID 147220842.
Roshani, Dilan (n.d.). "Kurdish calendar". Kurdistanica. Archived from the original on 22 February 2008. Retrieved 19 April 2020.