Lanao (province)

Lanao
*Ranao*
Lanao Ranao
Province of the Philippines
1914-1959
	; Location of the historical province of Lanao.
Capital	Dansalan
History
• Established	1914
• Disestablished	1959
Preceded by	Succeeded by
	Moro Province
Lanao del Norte
Lanao del Sur
Today part of	· Lanao del Norte; · Lanao del Sur

Lanao was a province of the Philippines from 1914 to 1959. Today, the province comprises Lanao del Norte and Lanao del Sur.

History

The term "Lanao" is derived from a Maranao word "Ranao" meaning a body of water. "Meranau" means lake dweller. They are the natives of the place occupying the land around Lake Lanao, which is situated at the central part of Lanao del Sur. Lanao, applies to the entire area before its division. When it was divided into two provinces, the southern portion became Lanao del Sur and the northern part became Lanao del Norte.

Dansalan, Marawi City's old name, was explored by the Spaniards as early as 1639. It is said that at that time, Marawi was already the citadel of Malayan-Arabic culture in Mindanao. Feeling the pulse of strong refusal among its inhabitants to adopt Christianity, the Spaniards abandoned the project of colonizing the area. Dansalan, physically speaking, would have satisfactorily qualified to become a town or municipality during the time of said exploration based on the Spanish Policy of "Ecclesiastical Administration" except for fanatical resistance of the natives who were mostly under Muslim rule.

A strong Spanish expedition to conquer the Maranaos was fielded in 1891 during the time of Governor General Valeriano Weyler, but this force was driven back to Iligan after failing to capture Dansalan. In 1895, Governor General Blanco sent a stronger force to take Marawi that thanks to superior firepower finally overrun the last defenses. The Spanish forces won a decisive victory and were able to erect a garrison in Dansalan and they already took with them Chabacanos and Chabacano-speaking Muslims from Zamboanga and Basilan and Cebuanos. However, they had to abandon it just four years later after the outbreak of the Spanish–American War in 1898, leaving it on the hands of the new American colonizers, who imposed their own rule on the population.

American occupation

On May 24, 1904, the American Colonial Government proclaimed Dansalan a regular Municipality. The Philippines was still under the Commonwealth regime of the Americans when Dansalan was chartered into a city in 1904. In 1914, the Department of Mindanao and Sulu was created and Lanao was converted as a province.

Division

The passage of Republic Act No. 2228 divided Lanao into two (2) provinces giving birth to Lanao del Norte and Lanao del Sur.^[1] The new province was inaugurated on July 4, 1959, making Iligan City as the capital of the north and Marawi City for the south. During the establishment process of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, Lanao del Sur (and later Marawi City) voted to be part of the new autonomous region, while Lanao del Norte chose to remain in Northern Mindanao.

Timeline

September 1, 1914: Department of Mindanao and Sulu provided with autonomous government through Act No. 2408 enacted on July 23, 1914.^[2] Bukidnon sub-province and the former Moro Province districts of Cotabato, Davao, Lanao, Sulu and Zamboanga converted to provinces.
May 22, 1959: Lanao province divided into Lanao del Norte and Lanao del Sur through Republic Act No. 2228. Lanao del Sur retained the provincial capital of Marawi (formerly Dansalan).
October 4, 1971: Meranaw province created from Lanao del Sur through Republic Act No. 6406,^[3] remained unorganized due to the disruption caused by the declaration of martial law in the Philippines.
1975 Province of Sultan Mardan, Lanao del Sur district two nominated by AFP Governor general Mamarinta Lao in Lanao del Sur.

References

^ "REPUBLIC ACT NO. 2228 - AN ACT TO CREATE THE PROVINCES OF LANAO DEL NORTE AND LANAO DEL SUR - Supreme Court E-Library". elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph. Retrieved August 26, 2022.
^ "Act No. 2408 - AN ACT PROVIDING A TEMPORARY FORM OF GOVERNMENT FOR THE TERRITORY KNOWN AS THE DEPARTMENT OF MINDANAO AND SULU, MAKING APPLICABLE THERETO, WITH CERTAIN EXCEPTIONS, THE PROVISIONS OF GENERAL LAWS NOW IN FORCE IN THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. - Supreme Court E-Library". elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph. Retrieved August 26, 2022.
^ "REPUBLIC ACT NO. 6406 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 6406 - AN ACT DIVIDING THE PROVINCE OF LANAO DEL SUR INTO THE PROVINCE OF MARANAW AND LANAO DEL SUR". www.chanrobles.com. Retrieved August 26, 2022.

v t e Former Philippine provinces, sub-provinces, and cities
Provinces	Agusan Ambos Camarines Concepción Cotabato Davao Ilocos Kalinga-Apayao Lanao Lepanto-Bontoc Manila Maguindanao Mindoro Misamis Moro Province Morong Negros Negros del Norte Samar Shariff Kabunsuan Surigao Zamboanga
Sub-provinces^*	Abra (1905–1917)¹ Amburayan (1902–1920)² Apayao (1907–1995)¹ Aurora (1951–1979)¹ Batanes (1907–1909)¹ Benguet (1908–1966)¹ Biliran (1959–1992)¹ Bontoc (1902–1966)³ Bukidnon (1907–1914)¹ Butuan (1907–1914)⁴ Camiguin (1956–1966)¹ Catanduanes (1905–1945)¹ Guimaras (1966–1992)¹ Ifugao (1908–1966)¹ Kalinga (1907–1995)¹ Lepanto (1902–1920)² Marinduque (1907–1920)¹ Masbate (1906–1920)¹ Quirino (1966–1971)¹ Romblon (1907–1917)¹ Siquijor (1907–1971)¹
Cities	Basilan⁵ Jaro Greater Manila Legazpi⁶ Nueva Cáceres Nueva Segovia
^* All sub-provinces were temporarily abolished during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines (1942–1945). ¹ Converted to full-fledged province. ² Dissolved and divided between neighboring (sub-)provinces. ³ Became the only sub-province left comprising Mountain Province in 1966, and therefore assumed the name of the mother province. ⁴ Became the only sub-province left comprising Agusan in 1914, and therefore assumed the name of the mother province. ⁵ Delimited to the downtown area of present-day Isabela City in 1973; dissolved in 1975. ⁶ Legazpi City from 1948 to 1954 consisted of the present-day territories of Legazpi City and Daraga; this city was dissolved in 1954 into its two former constituent municipalities. Legazpi became a city on its own in 1959.