List of Aboriginal languages of New South Wales

Prior to colonisation in 1788, the Aboriginal Australians living in the areas now known as New South Wales spoke between 35 - 40 languages[1] including between 70 - 100 dialects.[2][3] Some of these languages are closely related, many are no longer spoken fluently and some are considered endangered or extinct by linguists but are described as "sleeping"[4] by First Nations people.[5] Aboriginal languages were not written down prior to contact with colonists, but for thousands of years the oral tradition passed down knowledge of country,[6] astronomy,[7] the environment,[8] navigation,[9] stories of creation and the seasons, the relationship and obligations First Nations people have to country and one another. Where word lists and written records were made after colonisation, they were often compiled by amateurs with no linguistic training,[10] there are many variations of spelling and knowledge of the grammar of some languages may be limited without fluent speakers.[11]

The New South Wales Aboriginal Languages Act 2017 became law on 24 October 2017.[12] It is the first legislation in Australia to acknowledge the significance of First Languages.[13]

The Aboriginal Language and Culture Nest project in NSW draws together communities with a common language to create opportunities to "revitalise, reclaim and maintain traditional languages".[14] There are Aboriginal Language and Culture Nests that focus on the Bundjalung, Gamilaraay, Gumbaynggirr, Wiradjuri and Paakantji/Baarkintji languages.[14] During the International Year of Indigenous Languages the issues of language loss and language revitalization projects were featured from the perspectives of First Nations people around NSW in a Living Language exhibition.[15]

The Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS) maintain the AUSTLANG database of information from a number of sources about Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages.[16] The dataset listing the languages and synonyms is published under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence for reuse.[17]

A-B

[edit]
Language AIATSIS AUSTLANG code[18] Also known as (AUSTLANG synonyms)[17] References
Arakwal E13 Aragwal, Arakawal, Coo al, Gundurima, Jahwun Jere, Jawjumjeri, Kagung, Kahwul, Kogung, Lismore tribe, Naiang, Njung, Nyung, Tugurimba, Yawkum yore, Gundurimba, Jawhumjeri, Yawkum yere [19][20]
Awabakal S66 Awabagal, Awaba, Kuri, Kuringgai, Lake Macquarie, Awarbukal, Arwarburkarl, Newcastle tribe [21][20]
Baanbay E8 Kumbainggar, Gumbainggir, Baanbay/Banbai, Banbai, Gamlamang, Jiegera, Kumbainggiri, Yaygir, Yuungay, Ahnbi, Babnbi, Baanbay Ahnbi, Dandai, Bahnbi [22][20]
Bandjigali D17 Bandjangali, Pantyikali, Paakantyi, Wanjiwalku, Bandjagali, Barkindji, Milya uppa, Barkinji, Barkinjee, Barkunjee, Bahkunji, Pakindji, Pa:kindzi, Bakandji, Bahkunjy, Barkinghi, Parkungi, Par kengee, Parkingee, Bakanji, Bakandi, Bargunji, Bagundji, Bagandji, Bpaagkon jee, Kurnu, Kkengee, Kornoo, Kaiela, Wimbaja, [23][20]
Baraba Baraba D5 Barababaraba, Baraba baraba, Baraparapa, Barappur, Bareber Bareber, Barraba barraba, Barrababarraba, Birraba birraba, Boora boora, Boorabirraba, Booraboora, Boort, Burabura, Burappa, Burapper, Burrabura ba, Burraburburaba, Burreba burreba, Karraba, Beraba Beraba, Berrapper dialect, Barrappur, Baraber, Boraipar, Boora Boora, Lower Loddon tribe, Boort tribe [24][20]
Barranbinya D26 Barranbinja, Baranbinja, Barren binya, Barrumbinya, Barrunbarga, Burrabinya, Burranbinga, Burranbinya, Burrumbinya, Burrunbinya, Parran binye, Barabinja, Baranbinya, Burrun binya, Burrunbinia, Burrunbinya [25][20]
Bidawal S49 Bidhawal, Bidwell, Biduwul, Beddiwell, Bida:wal, Biduelli, Bidwelli, Bidwill, Birdawal, Birdhawal, Birtowall, Kwai dhang, Maap, Muk dhang, Birrdhawal, Bid, doo, wul, Bidooal, Bida, Brida, Bidwilli, Bida:wa:l, Mawp, Muk thang, Mukdhang, Mukthang [26][20]
Bigambul D34 Bigambal, Pikambul, Bee gum bul, Beegumbul, Begumble, Bigabul, Bigambel, Bigumble, Bigunbil, Peekumble, Pickimbul, Pickum bul, Pickumbil, Pickumble, Picum bul, Picumbill, Pikambal, Pikum bul, Pikumbal, Pikumbil, Pikumbul, Pikumpal, Preagalgh, Pregalgh, Wee n gul la mbul, Wigal wollumbul, Bigumbil, Wee n gul la m bul [27][20]
Birpai E3 Birpay, Worimi, Birbay, Biripi, Biribi, Birippi, Birrapee, Birrbay, Birripai, Birripi, Bripi, Brippai, Waw wyper, Biribai, Birrbay, Gathang, Kattang [28][20]
Bolali D11 Paakantyi, Bulaali, Bulalli, Maljangapa, Wiljakali, Pulaali, Pulakali, Maljangaba, Malya napa, Mulya napa, Mulya nappa, Milya uppa, Mullia arpa, Muliaarpa, Malynapa, Malja:pa, Malyapa, Nalyanapa, Malgangara, Karikari, Bulali for Maljangapa, Wilyakali, Wiljali, Wiljagali, Willoo, Bo arli, Bulali for Wiljakali [29][20]
Bundjalung E12 Bandjalang, Arakwal, Badjulung, Banjalang, Birihn, Dinggabal, Geinyan, Gidabal, Jukambal, Jukambe, Kalibal, Keinjun, Kitabal, Minjunbal, Ngarahgwal, Nyangbal, Wahlubal, Widjubal, Wiyabal, Wudjehbal, Yugambeh, Badjalang, Badjelang, Bandjalong, Bandjelang, Bandyalang, Bandjalung, Bunjalung [30][20]

C-G

[edit]
Language AIATSIS AUSTLANG code[18] Also known as (AUSTLANG synonyms) References
Danggali D14, D59 Paakantyi, Dhanggaali, Milpulo, Dhanggagarli, Dangali, Danggadi, Tungarlee, Tongaranka, Danggagali, Tung arlee, Dthang gaa lee, Dthanggka, Dthanggha, Paritke, Paridke, Momba, Nanja, Nanjara, Nonnia, Nganya, Scotia blacks, Nju:wiki, Yakumban, Yakkumbata, Yakayok, Jakojako, Jokajoka, Yokka Yokka, Yaak yakko, Milpulko, Mailpurlgu, Mamba [31][32][20]
Darkinung S65 Darkinjung, Darkinjang, Darginyung, Darknung, Darkin nyoong, Darginjang [33][20]
Daruk S64 Sydney, Dharug, Darug, Dharuk, Oharruk, Dharrok, Darrkinyung, Dharruk, Dharrook, Darrook, Broken Bay tribe [34][35][20]
Dhanggatti E6 Dunghutti, Dhanggatti, Djan gadi, Thangatti, Dyangadi, Dainggatti, Dainggati, Dhan gadi, Ngaku, Thungutti, Dangadi, Danggetti, Dhangatty, Thangatty, Dangati, Tangetti, Burgadi, Boorkutti, Dhanggadi, Djangadi, Dunggudi, Thungatti, Djaingadi, Dang getti, Danghetti, Danggadi, Dhangatty, Yuungai, Yunggai, Tang gette, Burugardi, Nulla Nulla, Amberu, Himberrong, Jang, Yung, Dhunggutti, Dhunghutti [36][20]
Dharamba S56 Dhurga, Tharumba, Wandandian, Kurial yuin, Murraygaro, Jervis Bay tribe [37][20]
Dharawal S59 Tharawal, Thurawal, Wodiwodi, Dariwal, Gujangal, Guyangal, Dharawa, Thurrawal, Turuwul, Turrubul, Turuwull, Turawal, Dharawal, Darawal, Mathews, Darawa:l, Carawal, Thurrawall, Turu wal, Ta ga ry, Five Islands tribe [38][20][39][40]
Dhurga S53 Yuin, Djiringanj, Dyirringan, Thaua, Thawa, Walbanga, Wandandian, Thurga, Thoorga, Tindale, Wurm, Dhu:rga, Oates, Durga, Bugellimanji, Bargalia, Moruya tribe, Thauaira, Du:rga, Tharawal, Tadera manji, Guyanagal, Guyangal yuin, Murring, Katungal, Baianga, Paiendra, Paienbera [41][20]
Djirringany S51 Djirringanj, Yuin, Djiringanj/Dyirringan, Dhurga, Djiringanj, Dyirringan, Thaua, Thawa, Walbanga, Wandandian, Dyirringany, Jiringayn, Jeringin [42][20]
Eora S61 Sydney, Iora, Gamaraygal, Gameraigal, Iyora, Biyal Biyal, Eo ra, Ea ora, Yo ra, Kameraigal, Kem:arai, Kemmaraigal, Camera gal, Cammera, Camerray gal, Cam meray, Kemmirai gal, Gweagal, Bedia mangora, Gouia gul, Gouia, Botany Bay tribe, Wanuwangul, Kadigal, Caddiegal, Cadigal, Gadigal [43][44]
Galibal E15 Galival, Kalibal, Moorung moobar, Murwillumbah [45][20]
Gamilaraay D23 Gamilaroi, Kamilaroi, Euahlayi, Guyinbaray, Juwalarai, Ualarai, Walarai, Weraerai, Wirajarai, Kamilarai, Kamilroi, Kamalarai, Koomilroi, Gunilroi, Guminilroi, Gumilray, Camleroy, Euhahlayi, Gamilray, Northern Gamilaraay, Peel River language, Kamilaori, Kamilari, Kamu, laroi, Kaameelarrai, Kamileroi, Komleroy, Gamilroi, Kahmilaharoy, Kamilary, Gumilroi, Gummilroi, Gummilray, Kimilari, Karmil, Kamil, Comleroy, Ghummilarai, Cammealroy, Kahmilari, Kakmilari, Cumilri, Cam ell eri, Cum milroy, Cummeroy, Gunnilaroi, Kahml Duhai, Yauan, Tjake, Tyake, Gomeroi [46][20]
Garanggaba L15 Karenggapa, Garanggaba, Karengappa, Karrengappa, Kurengappa, Karengapa [47][20]
Gawambaray D39, D57 Coo in bur ri, Gawambarai, Ginniebal, Goinberai, Guinberai, Guinbrai, Juwalarai, Kawambarai, Kawamparai, Koinbere, Koinberi, Koinberri, Kwambarai"Mole tribe", Mooran Mooran, Waholari, Walarai, Walari, Warlarai, Weraerai, Weraiari, Wiraiarai, Wirra:arai, Wirri Wirri, Wirriri, Wirriwirri, Wolaroi, Wolaroo, Wolleri, Wolroi, Woolaroi, Wooratherie, Gawambaray, Goin berai, Mole tribe, Wirairai, Wallaroi, Wolroi, Walro, Wolaroi, Wullaroi [48][49][20]
Geawegal E1, D63 Garewagal, Geawagal, Geawe gal, Gweagal, Keawaikal, Keawekal, Kawawaykal, Geawegal, Gwegal, Gwiyagal, Guyagal [50][51][20]
Githabul E14 Gidhabal, Gidabal, Bandjalang, Kidabal, Kidjabal, Kita bool, Kittabool, Kitabool, Kitapul, Gidabul, Gidjoobal, Kuttibul, Noowidal [52][20]
Gogai D56 Wakawaka, Barungam, Barunggam, Cogai, Gogai, Kogai, Murrumgama, Murrumningama, Murrungama, Parrungoom, Murrum ningama [53][20]
Gujangal S50 Guyangal [54]
Gumbaynggir E7 Baanbay, Banbai, Bellingen tribe, Bellinger tribe, Cambanggarie, Coombagoree, Coombangree, Coombargaree, Coombyn gura, Coombyngara, Coombyngura, Coombyugura, Cumbainggar, Gumbaynggir, Guinbainggiri, Gumbainggirr, Gumbainga, Gumbainggar, Gumbanga, Gumbanggar, Gumbanggeri, Gumbanjaree, Gumbayngir, Gunbainygar, Gumbaigar, Gunbaigar, Gumbaingar, Gumbainggir, Gamlamang, Jiegera, Kumbainggiri, Kombaingheri, Kombinegherry, Koombabgghery, Koombainga, Koombanggary, Koombanggherry, Koombangi, Kumbaingeri, Kumbainggeri, Kumbainggir, Kumbainggirri, Kumbainggar, Kumbaingir, Koombangghery, Kumbanggerri, Koombanggaree, Kumbainggerri, Kumbinggeri, Kumbanggar, Kom baingheri, Kumbangerai, Kumbangar, Nimboy, Orara, Woolgoolga, Yaygir, Yuungay [55][20]
Gundungurra S60 Burragorang, Gundungura, Gundaahmyro, Gundungorra, Cundunorah, Gundungari, Gundanora, Gurra gunga, Gungungurra [56][20][57]
Gunybaray D15 Guyinbaraay, Gunjbaraay, Kamilaroi, Guyinbaray, Euahlayi, Gamilaroi, Juwalarai, Ualarai, Walarai, Weraerai, Wirajarai, Gunjbarai, Gunjbarri, Koinberi, Koinberri, Kawambarai, Cooinburri, Kawamparai, Koinbere, Gawambarai, Goin berai, Guinbrai, Guinberai, Mole tribe, Coo in bur ri, Wirriri, Wirriwirri, Wooratherie [58][20]
Gurungada S57 [59]

H-M

[edit]
Language AIATSIS AUSTLANG code[18] Also known as (AUSTLANG synonyms) References
Jaitmathang S43 Balangamida, Brajerak, Djilamatang, Duduroa, Kandangora, Omeo tribe, Theddora, Yaitmathang, Dhudhuroa, Dyinning middhang, Ginning matong, Gundanara, Gundanora, Jadjmadang, Jaithmathang, Jaitmatang, Jaitmathang, Jandangara, Jeenong metong, Kandangoramittung, Muddhang, Mudthang, Tharamirttong, Tharamittong, Tharomattay, Theddora mittung, Theddoramittung, Ya itma thang, Yaitmatheng, Yadjmadhang, Yai-itma-thang [60][20]
Ku-ring-gai E95 Guringay, Gringai, Gathang [61]
Kureinji D6.1 Gure:ndji, Gurendji,Gureinji, Grangema, Garnghes, Jungeegatchere, Karin, Keramin, Kerinma, Karinma, Karingma, Kemendok, Kureinyi, Kareingi, Ka rinma, Kinenekinene, Kianigane, Orangema, Pintwa, [62][20]
Kurnu D25 Darling, Cornu, Ee na won, Gu:nu, Gu:rnu, Guerno, Guno, Gurnu, Guula, Gunu, Kula, Koono, Koonoo, Kornoo, Kornu, Kuno, Noolulgo, Paakantyi, [63][20]
Malyangapa L8 Bulali, Bulalli, Karikari, Malgangara, Maljangapa, Malyangaba, Malgaaljangaba, Malja:pa, Maljanapa, Maljangaba, Malya napa, Malyanapa, Malyapa, Malynapa, Milya uppa, Milyauppa, Muliaarpa, Mullia arpa, Multyerra, Mulya napa, Mulya nappa, Mulyanapa, Mulyanappa, Ngurunta, Nalyanapa, [64][20]
Marawara D6 Beriko, Bandjigali, Berlko, Berri ait, Paakantyi, Marawara, Maraura, Ilaila, Jakajako, Mara:wara, Mareaura, Mareawura, Marewera, Maroura, Marowera, Mare aura, Marowra, Marraa Warree, Waimbio, Wiimbaio, Wiimbo, Wimbaja, Waimbo, Wiimpaya, Yaakoyaako [65][20]
Minjungbal E18 Minyangbal, Minjangbal, Yugambal, Minjanbal, Boggangar, Minyowa, Minyung, Wangerriburra, Minjungbal, Gendo, Gando Minjang, Gan dowal, Ngandowul, Cudgingberry, Cood jingburra [66][20]
Muruwari D32 Muruwari, Muruwarri, Murawarri, Morowari, Marawari, MarraaWarree, Maruwari, Moorawarree, Moorawarrie, Morewari, Murawari, Murrawari, Murrawarri, Murri, Murueri, Muruworri, Muruwurri, Marraawarree, Murra warri, Yacko Yacko [67][20]
Mutti Mutti / Muthi Muthi D8 Madhi Madhi; Madi Madi; Bakiin; Mataua; Matimati; Matthee matthee; Moorta Moorta; Mudhi Mudhi; Muthimuthi; Muti muti; Muttee Muttee; Madimadi; Mutte Mutte; Madi madi [68][20]

N-R

[edit]
Language AIATSIS AUSTLANG code[18] Also known as (AUSTLANG synonyms) References
Nari Nari D9 Narinari [20][69]
Nawalgu D19 Barundji, Bungyarlee, Paakantyi, Naualko, Parundji, Nawalko, Ngunnhalgu, Ngunnhlgri, Parooige, Unelgo, Nabarlgu, Ngunnhalgri, Milpulko, Mailpurlgu, Nawalgu, Nhaawu parlku, Wampandi, Wampangee, Wombungee, Wompungee [70][20]
Ngaku E4 Dainggatti, Dainggati, Dhan gadi, Dunghutti, Ngaagu, Ngagu, Niungacko, Thungutti [71][20]
Ngambaa E5 Ngaku, Ngeunbah, Niungacko, Ngamba, Ngambarr, Ngambar, [20][72]
Nganyaywana D24 Nganjaywana, Aneewan, Aniwan, Inuwon, Nganyaywana, Anaiwan, Anewan, Amberu, Anaywan, Ee na won, En née win, Eneewin, Enniwon, Enuin, Inuwen, Inuwon, Nee inuwon, Newana, nganyaywana, Nowan, Yenniwon, Dariwan, Eenewon, Narwon, Enni won, Inuwan [73]
Ngarigo S46 Bemeringal, "Boombala tribe", Bradjerak, Brajerak, Brajeran, "Cooma tribe" Currak da bidgee, Garego, Guramal, Gurmal, "Menero tribe", Murring, Ngarrugu, Walgalu, Narigo, Ngarago, Ngaragu, Ngarigu, Ngarego, Ngarico, Ngarroogoo, Ngarrugo, Ngaruku, Ngaryo, Ngundura, Nguramal, Ngarruga, Gur mal, Brajerang, Bombala tribe, Menero tribe, Cooma tribe, Ngairgo [74][20]
Ngiyampaa D22 Ngiyambaa, Ngempa, Ngiyampaa, Wangaaybuwan Ngiyambaa, Wailwan, Wongaibon, Waljwan, Weilwan, Ngemba, Wangaaypuwan, Gaiamba, Narran, Negunbah, Ngaiamba, Ngamba, Ngambar, Ngeumba, Ngeunbah, Ngiamba, Ngiemba, Ngiumba, Ngiyamba, Ngjamba, Ngjemba, Ngumbarr, Njemba, Noongaburrah, Nyamba, Ugumba, Gai amba [75][20]
Ngunawal D3 Gundungurra, Burragorang, Gurungada, Ngaonawal, Ngennigenwurro, Ngoonawal, Nungawal, Wonnawal, Yarr, Yiilima [76]
Nyangbal E75 Njangbal [77]
Paakantyi D61, D12 Bagandji, Bpaagkon jee, Kurnu, Kkengee, Kornoo, Kaiela, Baagandji, Darling, Barkindji, Ba:gundji, Baagandyi, Bagandji, Bagundji, Bahkunji, Bahkunjy, Bahroongee, Bahroonjee, Bakandi, Bakandji, Bakanji, Bandjagal, Bandjangali, Bargunji, Barindji, Barinji, Barkinghi, Barkinjee, Barkinji, Barkungee, Barkunjee, Barongee, Baroongee, Barrengee, Barrongee, Barundji, Barundyi, Barunga, Barungi, Beriait, Berri ait, Berriait, Bpaagkon jee, Bpaaroon jee, Bpaaroo, Bungyarlee, Burunga, Southern Paakantyi, Baagandji, Darling, Southern Baagandji, Bagundji, Barkindji, Barkinji, Barkungee, Bahkunji, Bahkunjy, Parkungi, Parkengee, Bakanji, Bakandi, Bargunji, Southern Bagundji, Barkinjee, Barkunjee, Pakindji, Pa:kindzi, Bakandji, Barkinghi, Par kengee, Parkingee, Paakantyi, Kaiela, Kornoo, Kurnu, Mailpurglu, Mil pulko, Ngunnhalgri, Pa:kindzi, Paakanji, Paakantji, Paakanytji, Pakindji, Parkengee, Parkingee, Parkungi, Parkunji, Paroinge, Paroo, Parooinge, Paru, Paruindi, Paruindji, Paruinji, Parundji, Baigundji, Unelgo, Wimbaja, Ba:gandji, Barkandji, Bagandji [78][20][79]
Thaua S53, S54 Guyanagal, Guyangal yuin, Murring, Katungal, Yuin, Djiringanj, Dyirringan, Thaua, Thawa, Walbanga, Wandandian, Thurga, Thoorga, Wurm, Dhu:rga, Durga, Bugellimanji, Bargalia, Moruya tribe, Thauaira, Dhurga, Du:rga, Tharawal, Tadera manji, Baianga, Paiendra, Paienbera, Walbunja, Walbanga, Yuin, Dhurga, Djiringanj, Dyirringan, Thaua, Thawa, Wandandian, Bargalia, Bugellimanji, Moruya tribe, Thoorga, Thurga, Bugellimangi [80][20][41]

S-Z

[edit]
Language AIATSIS AUSTLANG code[18] Also known as (AUSTLANG synonyms) References
Wadi Wadi D4 Biangil, Dacournditch, Darty Darty, Nimp mam wern, Ta ta thi, Ta tathi, Taa tatty, Tar tarthee, Tatatha, Tataty, Tatitati, Tunggut, Wadiwadi, Wathiwathi, Wathi Wathi, Watiwati, Wattewatte, Watthiwatthi, Watty watty, Wattywatty, Withaija, Woani, Wodiwodi, Wohdi Wohdi, Woonyi, Wotowotti, Wotti wotti, Wottowotti, Watte, Watte Watte, Watte watte, Wotte Wotte, Watty Watty, Wot te Wot te, Wa thi wa thi, Wati wati, Wathi wathi, Ouotti Ouotti, Wathie Waithie, Wattee Wattee, Wathi Watthi, Watthi watthi, Watthi Watthi, Wati Wati, Watty tribe, Wattu Wattu, Waddi Waddi [81][20]
Wadigali L12 Evelyn Creek tribe, Nadikali, Wardikali, Wadikali, Wadikali [82][20]
Wailwan D20 Wayilwan, Ngiyarnbaa, Walywan, Wilwan, Wallwan, Wailwun, Wilawun, Weilwun, Waal won, Wile Wan, Wali, Waljwan, Ngiumba, Wahoon [83][20]
Walbanga S54 Walbunja, Yuin, Dhurga, Djiringanj, Dyirringan, Thaua, Thawa, Wandandian, Bargalia, Bugellimanji, Moruya tribe, Thoorga, Thurga, Bugellimangi [80][20]
Walgalu S47 Guramal, Gurmal, Ngambri, Ngurmal, Kamberri, Tumut River people, Tumut tribe, Walgadu, Walgal, Walgulu, Wolgah, Wolgal [84][20]
Wandandian S55 Yuin, Dhurga, Djiringanj, Dyirringan, Thaua, Thawa, Walbanga, Dharamba, Dharumba, Gurial, Jervis Bay tribe, Kurialyuin, Kuriel, Murraygaro, Tharumba, Wandanian, Kurial yuin [85][20]
Wandjiwalgu D21 Wanyuparlku, Paakantyi, Wanjiwalku, Kongait, Pernowie, Pernowrie, Pono, Tongaranka, Wandjiwalku, Wanjwalgu, Wanyabalku, Wanyuwalgu, Weyneubulkoo, Weynoubulkoo, Wongimalko, Wonipalku, Wonjimalku, Wanyubarlgu, Wanjubalgu, Wonji malku [86][20]
Wangaaybuwan D18 Wangaaybuwan Ngiyambaa, Wongai bun, Wangaybuwan, Wonghibone, Wonjhi bon, Wonjibone, Wongi bone, Wonghibon, Wonghi, Wun gai, Wuzai, Wozai, Woyaibun, Mudall [87][20]
Wemba Wemba D1 Wamba Wamba, Wembawemba, Wambawamba, Womba, Weumba, Waamba, Yambayamba, Yamba, Wiembar, Wamba wamba, Yamba yamba, Swan Hill tribe, Moulmein dialect Moolamiin, Lake Boga dialect, The neighbourhood of Lake Boga, probably Moorebat, the Lower Loddon dialect, Kerang, Loddon R, dialect, Wa amba, Wamba, Wemba wemba, Lake Boga tribe, Waimbi waimbi, Wambo wambo, Waimbu Waimbu, Boga tribe, Wemberwemba, Waimbiwaimbi, WembaWemba, Jambajamba, Gourrmjanyuk, Gorrmjanyuk [88]
Wiljali D13 Bo arli, Bulali, Wiljaali, Wiljakali, Wiljagali, Willoo, Wiloo, Wilya, Wilyakali [89]
Wilyagali D16, D11 Paakantyi, Darling, Wiljali, Wiljagali, Willoo, Bo arli, Bulali, Paakantyi, Bulaali, Bulalli, Bolali, Maljangapa, Wiljakali, Pulaali, Pulakali, Maljangaba, Malya napa, Mulya napa, Mulya nappa, Milya uppa, Mullia arpa, Muliaarpa, Malynapa, Malja:pa, Malyapa, Nalyanapa, Malgangara, Karikari, Bulali for Maljangapa, Wilyakali, Wiljali, Wiljagali, Willoo, Bo arli, Bulali for Wiljakali [90][20]
Wiradjuri D10 Wiradhurri, Wirratherie, Wirradgerry, Waradgery, Woradgery, Wiradhuri, Jeithi, Berrembeel, Junamildan, Wagga tribe, Waradgeri, Warandgeri, Warradjerrie, Warrai Durhai, Wayradgee, Weeragurie, Weerarthery, Weorgery, Weradgerie, Werogeri, Werogery, Wiiradurei, Wiiratheri, Wir rajer ree, Wira athoree, Wira durei, Wira shurri, Wiradhari, Wiradjari, Wiradjeri, Wiradjwri, Wiradthery, Wiradthuri, Wiradurei, Wiraduri, Wiradyuri, Wiragere, Wiraijuri, Wirajarai, Wirajeree, Wirajerry, Wirashuri, Wirathere, Wiratheri, Wiraturai, Wirotheree, Wirra jerre, Wirrajerre, Wirra athoree, Wirra dhari, Wirra dthoor ree, Wirra dthooree, Wirracharee, Wirrach arree, Wirraddury, Wirradhurri, Wirradjerri, Wirradjery, Wirraiyarrai, Wirrai yarrai, Wirraidyuri, Wirraijuri, Wirrajeree, Wirrajerry, Wirrathuri, Wooradgery, Woorajuri, Wooratheri, Wooratherie, Woradgery, Woradjera, Woradjerg, Wordjerg, Wuradjeri, Wira Athorree, Wi iratheri, Wiratu rai, Woorad gery, Wir ra jer ree, Kunamildan [91][20][92][93]
Wiriyaraay D28 Wirayaraay, Wiriwiri, Kamilaroi, Weraerai, Euahlayi, Gamilaroi, Guyinbaray, Juwalarai, Ualarai, Walarai, Wirajarai, Wirraiyarrai, Wiri Wiri, Wirriyaraay, Wiraiarai, Weraiari, Wirri Wirri, Wirraarai, Warlarai, Wolroi, Wolleri, Waho lari, Wolaroo, Walari, Wolaroi, Woo laroi, Ginniebal, Mooran Mooran, Wirrayaraay [94][20]
Wonnarua S63 Wanarruwa, Wonarua, Awabakal, Wanarua, Wonnuaruah, Wannerawa, Wonnah Kuah [95][20]
Worimi E2 Warimi, Worimi, Gringai, Gadang, Kattang, Kutthung, Gutthan, Warrimee, Warrimi, Warrimay tribe, Molo, Bahree, Karrapath, Carapath, Warrangine, Wannungine [96]
Yaygir E10 Kumbainggar, Gumbainggir, Jiegera/Yaygir, Baanbay, Banbai, Gamlamang, Jiegera, Kumbainggiri, Yaygir, Yuungay, Jeigir, Ji:gara, Jireigir, Jungai, Yaegl, Yegera, Yegir, Yiegera, Youngai [97][20]
Yitha Yitha D7 Jitu Jitu, Yida Yida, Bayangil, Eetha Eetha, Eethanaeetha, Eethee Eethee, Eethie Eethie, i7a Yida, Ita ita, Itaiithi, Itaita, Ithi ithi, Iti iti, Jida Jida, Jitajita, Tjuop, Yetho, Yit tha, Yitha, Yitsa, Ithiithi, Eethaeetha, Yitayita [98][20]
Yu Yu S19 Ngarrket, Narrinyeri, Jarijari, Jere jere, Juju, Nyerri nyerri, Yairy yairy, Yari yari, Yariki luk, Yarikiluk, Yariyari, Yarre yarre, Yarree Yarree, Yarreyarre, Yerre Yerre, Yerreyerre, Yerri yerri, Yerriyerri, Yerry yerry, YurraYurra, Yu Yu, Erawirung, Jirau, Eraweerung, Eramwir rangu, Erawiruck, Jeraruk, Yerraruck, Yirau, Yiran, Pomp malkie, Meru, You you, Rankbirit, Wilu, Willoo, Yuyu [99][20]
Yugambal E11 Yugambal: Ngarrabul, Ngarrbal, Ngarabal, Kwiambal, Jugambal, Jukambal, Jukambil, Marbul, Narbul, Ngarabul, Ngarrabul, Pregalgh, Ucumble, Ukumbil, Yacambal, Yirimbil, Yoocomble, Yoocumbill, Yookambul, Yookumbil, Yookumbill, Yookumble, Yookumbul, Yucomble, Yugarabul, Yugumbil, Yukambal, Yukambil, Yukumba, Yukumbil, Yukumbul, Yurimbil [100][20]
Yuin S67 Dhurga, Djiringanj, Dyirringan, Thaua, Thawa, Walbanga, Wandandian, Jeringin, Juwin [101][20]
Yuungay E9 Gumbainggir, Yuungay, Baanbay, Banbai, Gamlamang, Jiegera, Kumbainggiri, Yaygir, Ju:ngai, Yiegera, Jeigir, Yegera, Youngai, Jungai [102][20]
Yuwaalaraay D27, D54 Kamilaroi, Juwalarai/Ualarai, Euahlayi, Gamilaroi, Guyinbaray, Juwalarai, Ualarai, Walarai, Weraerai, Wirajarai, Yuwalarai, Jualrai, Yualarai, Yualloroi, Yowaleri, Uollaroi, Youallerie, Yualari, Yualai, Yualeai, Yerraleroi, Yowairi, Yuolary, Eu ahlayi, Yourilri, Youahlayi, Jualjai, Juwaljai, Yuwalyai, Wallarai, Wolleroi, Walleri, Woleroi, Wollaroi, Gingi, Brewarrana tribe, yuwalaray, yuwalaraay [103][20]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "NSW Legislative Council Hansard – 11 October 2017". www.parliament.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 16 May 2019.
  2. ^ "NSW Aboriginal Languages". Our Languages. 3 June 2010. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
  3. ^ Wafer, J., Lissarrague, A., & Harkins, J. (2008). A handbook of Aboriginal languages of New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory / Jim Wafer & Amanda Lissarrague, with a chapter on contact languages by Jean Harkins. Nambucca Heads, N.S.W.: Muurrbay Aboriginal Language and Culture Co-operative.
  4. ^ John Giacon and Kevin Lowe (2016). Key factors in the renewal of Aboriginal languages in NSW. In Language, land & song: Studies in honour of Luise Hercus, edited by Peter K. Austin, Harold Koch & Jane Simpson. London: EL Publishing. pp. 523-538
  5. ^ Studies, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (2021-01-02). "Living languages". aiatsis.gov.au. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  6. ^ Queensland Studies Authority. "Relationships to country: Aboriginal people and Torres Strait Islander people" (PDF). Queensland Curriculum & Assessment Authority. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
  7. ^ Norris, Ray P.; Hamacher, Duane W. (2015), Ruggles, Clive L.N. (ed.), "Australian Aboriginal Astronomy - an Overview", Handbook of Archaeoastronomy and Ethnoastronomy, New York, NY: Springer New York, pp. 2215–2222, arXiv:1306.0971, Bibcode:2015hae..book.2215N, doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6141-8_238, ISBN 978-1-4614-6140-1, S2CID 15045741, retrieved 2021-07-06
  8. ^ Nunn, Patrick D.; Reid, Nicholas J. (2016-01-02). "Aboriginal Memories of Inundation of the Australian Coast Dating from More than 7000 Years Ago". Australian Geographer. 47 (1): 11–47. doi:10.1080/00049182.2015.1077539. ISSN 0004-9182. S2CID 130419680.
  9. ^ Annab, Rachid (2020-05-28). "Navigating our way through country". Indigenous Knowledge Institute. Retrieved 2021-07-08.
  10. ^ "Language |". www.sydneybarani.com.au. Retrieved 2021-07-13.
  11. ^ "Indigenous Languages". indigenous.sl.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 2021-07-06.
  12. ^ "Aboriginal Languages Act 2017". www.legislation.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
  13. ^ NSW Government. "Protecting NSW Aboriginal languages - Languages Legislation". Aboriginal Affairs. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
  14. ^ a b "Language, culture and communities - Aboriginal education and communities". NSW Department of Education. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
  15. ^ "'Living Language: Country, Culture, Community' exhibition". Gather. 2019-08-20. Retrieved 2021-07-08.
  16. ^ "| AIATSIS Collection". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  17. ^ a b AIATSIS (2019-05-14). "Austlang dataset 001". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  18. ^ a b c d e "About AUSTLANG". Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS). 18 December 2017. Retrieved 16 May 2019.
  19. ^ "E13: Arakwal". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-06.
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl Tindale, Norman B. (1974). Aboriginal tribes of Australia : their terrain, environmental controls, distribution, limits, and proper names. Australian National University Press.
  21. ^ "S66: Awabakal". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-06.
  22. ^ "E8: Baanbay". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-06.
  23. ^ "D17: Pantyikali". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-06.
  24. ^ "D5: Barababaraba". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-06.
  25. ^ "D26: Barranbinya". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-06.
  26. ^ "S49: Bidawal". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-06.
  27. ^ "D34: Bigambul". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-06.
  28. ^ "E3: Birrbay". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-06.
  29. ^ "D11: Pulaali". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-06.
  30. ^ "E12: Bundjalung^". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-06.
  31. ^ "D14: Thangkaali". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  32. ^ "D59: Milpulo". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  33. ^ "S65: Darkinyung". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  34. ^ Troy, Jakelin; Troy, Shirley, 1928-, (illustrator,) (May 2022), The Sydney language, Australian Studies Press (published 2019), ISBN 978-1-925302-86-8{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  35. ^ "S64: Dharug / Darug". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  36. ^ "E6: Dhanggati / Dunghutti^". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  37. ^ "S56: Dharamba". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  38. ^ "S59: Dharawal". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  39. ^ "Dharug and Dharawal Resources". dharug.dalang.com.au. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  40. ^ "Coastal Sydney: Dharawal language in the La Perouse community [video]". Gather. 2020-02-03. Retrieved 2021-07-08.
  41. ^ a b "S53: Dhurga". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  42. ^ "S51: Dyirringañ". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  43. ^ "S61: Eora". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  44. ^ "Ku-ring-gai / Gameraigal | Indigenous Languages". indigenous.sl.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 2021-07-13.
  45. ^ "E15: Galibal". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  46. ^ "D23: Gamilaraay / Gamilaroi / Kamilaroi". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  47. ^ "L15: Karenggapa". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  48. ^ "D57: Weraeria". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  49. ^ "D39: Gawambaraay". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  50. ^ "D63: Northern Dharawal". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  51. ^ "E1: Geawegal". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  52. ^ "E14: Gidhabal". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  53. ^ "D56: Muringam". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  54. ^ "S50: Guyangal". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  55. ^ "E7: Gumbaynggirr". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  56. ^ "S60: Gundungurra / Gandangara". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  57. ^ "Gundungurra | Indigenous Languages". indigenous.sl.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 2021-07-13.
  58. ^ "D15: Guyinbaraay". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  59. ^ "S57: Gurungada". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  60. ^ "S43: Gundungerre / Yaithmathang". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  61. ^ "E95: Guringay". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  62. ^ "D6.1: Kureinji". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  63. ^ "D25: Kurnu". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  64. ^ "L8: Malyangapa". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  65. ^ "D6: Marrawarra". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  66. ^ "E18: Minyangbal". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  67. ^ "D32: MURUWARI". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-01.
  68. ^ "D8: Mutti Mutti / Muthi Muthi". AUSTLANG. AIATSIS. Retrieved 16 May 2019.
  69. ^ "D9: Nari Nari". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  70. ^ "D19: Nhaawuparlku". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  71. ^ "E4: Ngaku". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  72. ^ "E5: Ngambaa". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  73. ^ "D24: Southern Anaiwan". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-01.
  74. ^ "S46: Ngarigu / Ngarigo". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  75. ^ "D22: NGIYAMPAA / NGEMPA". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  76. ^ "D3: Ngunawal / Ngunnawal". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-01.
  77. ^ "E75: Nyangbal". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  78. ^ "D61: Southern Paakantyi". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  79. ^ "D12: PAAKANTYI / PAAKANTJI / BARKINDJI". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  80. ^ a b "S54: Walbunja". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  81. ^ "D4: Wadi Wadi". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  82. ^ "L12: Wadigali". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  83. ^ "D20: Wayilwan". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  84. ^ "S47: Walgalu". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  85. ^ "S55: Wandandian". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  86. ^ "D21: Wanyuparlku". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  87. ^ "D18: Wangaaypuwan". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-01.
  88. ^ "D1: Wemba Wemba". Austlang. AIATSIS. Retrieved 26 April 2019.
  89. ^ "D13: Wiljali". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  90. ^ "D16: Wilyakali". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  91. ^ "D10: Wiradjuri". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  92. ^ Rudder, John; Grant, Stan, 1940- (2005), A first Wiradjuri dictionary : English to Wiradjuri, Wiradjuri to English and categories of things, Restoration House, ISBN 978-0-86942-131-4{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  93. ^ Gunther, W.J. (1826). "Archdeacon James Gunther Papers, 1826-1878". State Library of New South Wales.
  94. ^ "D28: Wiriyaraay". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  95. ^ "S63: Wanarruwa". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  96. ^ "E2: Warrimay". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-01.
  97. ^ "E10: Yaygirr^". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  98. ^ "D7: Yitha Yitha". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  99. ^ "S19: Yuyu". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  100. ^ "E11: Yugambal". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  101. ^ "S67: Yuin". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  102. ^ "E9: Yunggaya". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  103. ^ "D27: Yuwaalaraay". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. 2019-07-26. Retrieved 2021-07-01.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Aboriginal_languages_of_New_South_Wales&oldid=1177415593"