This is a list of notable Jewish American politicians , arranged chronologically. For other Jewish Americans, see Lists of Jewish Americans .
Members of Congress [ edit ] State Portrait Name Party Assumed office Left office Notes Georgia David Emanuel [ 1] Democratic-Republican March 3, 1801 November 7, 1801 Emanuel may not have been an openly practicing Jew.[ 2] Wisconsin Edward Salomon [ 3] Republican April 19, 1862 January 4, 1864 Washington Edward Salomon [ 4] [ 5] Republican March 4, 1870 May 26, 1872 California Washington Bartlett [ 6] Democratic January 8, 1887 September 12, 1887 California's first and only Jewish governor Idaho Moses Alexander [ 1] Democratic January 4, 1915 January 6, 1919 Idaho's first and only Jewish governor Utah Simon Bamberger [ 1] Democratic January 1, 1917 January 1, 1921 Utah's first and only Jewish governor New Mexico Arthur Seligman [ 1] Democratic January 1, 1931 September 25, 1933 New Mexico's first Jewish governor Oregon Julius Meier [ 1] Independent January 12, 1931 January 14, 1935 Oregon's first Jewish governor New York Herbert Lehman [ 1] Democratic January 1, 1933 December 3, 1942 New York's first Jewish governor Florida David Sholtz [ 7] Democratic January 3, 1933 January 5, 1937 Illinois Henry Horner [ 1] Democratic January 9, 1933 October 6, 1940 Illinois' first Jewish governor Wisconsin Julius Heil [ 8] Republican January 2, 1939 January 4, 1943 Alaska Ernest Gruening [ 1] Democratic December 6, 1939 April 10, 1953 Alaska's first and only Jewish governor Connecticut Abe Ribicoff [ 9] Democratic January 5, 1955 January 21, 1961 Connecticut's first and only Jewish governor Illinois Samuel Shapiro [ 1] Democratic May 21, 1968 January 13, 1969 Rhode Island Frank Licht [ 1] Democratic January 7, 1969 January 2, 1973 Rhode Island's first Jewish governor Maryland Marvin Mandel [ 1] Democratic January 7, 1969 January 17, 1979 Maryland's first and only Jewish governor Pennsylvania Milton Shapp [ 1] Democratic January 19, 1971 January 16, 1979 Pennsylvania's first Jewish governor Vermont Madeleine Kunin [ 1] Democratic January 10, 1985 January 10, 1991 Oregon Neil Goldschmidt [ 9] Democratic January 12, 1987 January 14, 1991 Rhode Island Bruce Sundlun [ 1] Democratic January 1, 1991 January 3, 1995 Hawaii Linda Lingle [ 10] Republican December 2, 2002 December 6, 2010 Hawaii's first Jewish governor Pennsylvania Ed Rendell [ 11] Democratic January 21, 2003 January 18, 2011 New York Eliot Spitzer [ 12] Democratic January 1, 2007 March 17, 2008 Delaware Jack Markell [ 13] Democratic January 20, 2009 January 17, 2017 Vermont Peter Shumlin [ 14] Democratic January 6, 2011 January 5, 2017 Missouri Eric Greitens [ 15] Republican January 9, 2017 June 1, 2018 Colorado Jared Polis [ 16] Democratic January 8, 2019 Incumbent Colorado's first Jewish governor Illinois J. B. Pritzker [ 17] Democratic January 14, 2019 Incumbent Hawaii Josh Green Democratic December 5, 2022 Incumbent Pennsylvania Josh Shapiro Democratic January 17, 2023 Incumbent North Carolina Josh Stein Democratic To assume office January 20, 2025 Delaware Matt Meyer Democratic To assume office January 20, 2025
Lieutenant governors [ edit ] State Portrait Name Party Assumed office Left office Louisiana Henry Hyams [ 13] Democratic January 23, 1860 January 25, 1864 New York Herbert Lehman [ 1] Democratic January 1, 1929 December 31, 1932 Illinois Samuel Shapiro [ 1] Democratic January 9, 1961 May 21, 1968 Vermont Madeleine Kunin [ 1] Democratic January 10, 1979 January 10, 1983 Missouri Ken Rothman [ 18] Democratic January 12, 1981 January 15, 1985 Rhode Island Richard Licht [ 19] Democratic January 1, 1985 January 1, 1989 Missouri Harriett Woods [ 13] Democratic January 14, 1985 January 9, 1989 Maryland Melvin Steinberg [ 13] Democratic January 21, 1987 January 18, 1995 Pennsylvania Robert Jubelirer [ 20] Republican October 5, 2001 January 21, 2003 Ohio Lee Fisher [ 21] Democratic January 8, 2007 January 10, 2011 Delaware Matthew Denn [ 22] Democratic January 20, 2009 January 6, 2015 New York Richard Ravitch [ 23] Democratic July 9, 2009 December 31, 2010 Louisiana Jay Dardenne [ 24] Republican November 22, 2010 January 11, 2016 Hawaii Brian Schatz [ 25] Democratic December 6, 2010 December 26, 2012 Connecticut Nancy Wyman [ 26] Democratic January 5, 2011 January 9, 2019 Kentucky Jerry Abramson [ 27] Democratic December 13, 2011 November 13, 2014 Florida Carlos Lopez-Cantera [ 28] Republican February 3, 2014 January 7, 2019 Vermont David Zuckerman [ 29] Vermont Progressive Party January 5, 2017 January 7, 2021 Hawaii Josh Green [ 30] Democratic December 3, 2018 December 5, 2022 Vermont David Zuckerman Vermont Progressive Party January 5, 2023 Incumbent
State Attorneys General [ edit ] State Portrait Name Party Assumed office Left office New York Simon Rosendale [ 31] Democratic January 1, 1892 December 31, 1893 Maryland Isidor Rayner [ 32] Democratic 1899 1903 Maryland Isaac Straus [ 13] Democratic 1907 1911 New York Carl Sherman [ 33] Democratic January 1, 1923 December 31, 1924 New York Albert Ottinger [ 34] Republican January 1, 1925 December 31, 1928 Ohio Gilbert Bettman [ 13] Republican January 14, 1929 January 12, 1933 New Jersey David Wilentz [ 35] Democratic 1934 1944 New York Nathaniel Goldstein [ 13] Republican January 1, 1943 December 31, 1954 Delaware Albert Young [ 36] Independent 1951 1955 Massachusetts George Fingold [ 37] Republican January 8, 1953 August 31, 1958 New York Jacob Javits [ 13] Republican January 1, 1955 January 9, 1957 New York Louis Lefkowitz [ 13] Republican January 10, 1957 December 31, 1978 California Stanley Mosk [ 13] Democratic January 5, 1959 1964 New Hampshire Warren Rudman [ 13] Republican 1970 1976 Rhode Island Richard Israel [ 13] Republican January 5, 1971 January 7, 1975 Florida Robert Shevin [ 13] Democratic January 5, 1971 January 2, 1979 Vermont Jerome Diamond [ 13] Democratic 1975 1981 Rhode Island Julius Michaelson [ 13] Democratic January 7, 1975 January 2, 1979 New York Robert Abrams [ 13] Democratic January 1, 1979 January 31, 1993 Maryland Stephen Sachs [ 13] Democratic January 17, 1979 January 21, 1987 Connecticut Joe Lieberman [ 13] Democratic January 5, 1983 January 3, 1989 Connecticut Richard Blumenthal [ 13] Democratic January 9, 1991 January 5, 2011 Ohio Lee Fisher [ 13] Democratic January 14, 1991 January 9, 1995 New York G. Oliver Koppell [ 38] Democratic January 1, 1993 December 31, 1994 Rhode Island Jeffrey Pine [ 13] Republican January 5, 1993 January 2, 1999 New Jersey Deborah Poritz [ 39] Republican 1994 1996 New York Eliot Spitzer [ 13] Democratic January 1, 1999 December 31, 2006 New Jersey David Samson [ 40] Independent January 15, 2002 February 15, 2003 New Jersey Stuart Rabner [ 41] Democratic September 26, 2006 June 26, 2007 Maryland Doug Gansler [ 42] Democratic January 17, 2007 January 21, 2015 Louisiana Buddy Caldwell [ 43] Democratic January 14, 2008 February 2, 2011 Republican February 2, 2011 January 11, 2016 New York Eric Schneiderman [ 44] Democratic January 1, 2011 May 8, 2018 Arizona Tom Horne [ 45] Republican January 3, 2011 January 5, 2015 Georgia Sam Olens [ 46] Republican January 10, 2011 November 1, 2016 Oregon Ellen Rosenblum [ 47] Democratic June 29, 2012 Incumbent Delaware Matthew Denn [ 22] Democratic January 6, 2015 January 1, 2019 Maryland Brian Frosh [ 48] Democratic January 21, 2015 January 3, 2023 North Carolina Josh Stein [ 49] Democratic January 1, 2017 Incumbent Pennsylvania Josh Shapiro [ 50] Democratic January 17, 2017 January 17, 2023 Michigan Dana Nessel [ 51] Democratic January 1, 2019 Incumbent Colorado Phil Weiser [ 52] Democratic January 8, 2019 Incumbent Washington D.C. Brian Schwalb Democratic January 2, 2023 Incumbent
State Secretaries of State [ edit ] State Portrait Name Party Assumed office Left office New York Samuel Koenig [ 13] Republican January 1, 1909 December 31, 1910 New York Mitchell May [ 13] Democratic January 1, 1913 December 31, 1914 New York Caroline Simon [ 53] Republican 1959 1963 Connecticut Mildred Allen Republican January 3, 1955 January 3, 1959 Florida Richard Stone [ 13] Democratic January 5, 1971 July 8, 1974 Florida George Firestone [ 13] Democratic 1979 1989 Vermont Deborah Markowitz [ 13] Democratic January 1999 January 2011 Louisiana Jay Dardenne [ 24] Republican November 10, 2006 November 22, 2010 Missouri Jason Kander [ 54] Democratic January 14, 2013 January 9, 2017 Colorado Jena Griswold [ 55] Democratic January 8, 2019 Incumbent
State Portrait Name Party Assumed office Left office New Jersey David Naar Democratic 1865 1865 New Jersey Katharine White [ 13] Acting Democratic 1961 1961 Maine Samuel Shapiro [ 13] Democratic 1981 1996 Rhode Island Nancy Mayer [ 13] Republican 1993 1997 Delaware Jack Markell [ 13] Democratic January 16, 1999 January 20, 2009 Kentucky Jonathan Miller [ 13] Democratic December 1999 December 11, 2007 Massachusetts Steve Grossman [ 56] Democratic January 17, 2011 January 21, 2015 Ohio Josh Mandel [ 57] Republican January 10, 2011 January 14, 2019 Nevada Dan Schwartz [ 58] Republican January 5, 2015 January 7, 2019 Rhode Island Seth Magaziner [ 59] Democratic January 6, 2015 January 3, 2023 Massachusetts Deb Goldberg [ 60] Democratic January 21, 2015 Incumbent
Other State Cabinet Positions [ edit ] Municipal government [ edit ] Mayors of major cities [ edit ] Current mayors of major cities [ edit ] City State Portrait Name Party Assumed office Left office Austin Texas Steve Adler [ 62] Democratic January 6, 2015 Incumbent Burlington Vermont Miro Weinberger [ 63] Democratic April 2, 2012 Incumbent Chattanooga Tennessee Andy Berke [ 64] Democratic April 15, 2013 Incumbent Jersey City New Jersey Steven Fulop [ 65] Democratic July 1, 2013 Incumbent Las Vegas Nevada Carolyn Goodman [ 66] Independent July 6, 2011 Incumbent Sacramento California Darrell Steinberg [ 67] Democratic December 13, 2016 Incumbent San Antonio Texas Ron Nirenberg [ 68] Independent June 21, 2017 Incumbent St. Petersburg Florida Rick Kriseman [ 68] Democratic January 2, 2014 Incumbent San Francisco California Daniel Lurie [ 69] Democratic January 8, 2025 Assuming office January 8, 2025 Minneapolis Minnesota Jacob Frey [ 70] Democratic January 2, 2018 Incumbent
Jerry Abramson (D-Louisville, KY: 1986–1999; 2003–2011)[ 27] Moses Alexander (D-Boise, ID: 1897–1899; 1901–1903)[ 1] Abe Aronovitz (R-Miami, FL: 1953–1955)[ 71] Harry Bacharach (R-Atlantic City, NJ: 1912; 1916–1920; 1930–1935)[ 72] Walt Bachrach (R-Cincinnati, OH: 1960–1967[ 73] Abraham Beame (D-New York, NY: 1974–1977)Martin Behrman (D-New Orleans, LA: 1904–1920; 1925–1926)[ 74] Richard Berkley (R-Kansas City, MO: 1979–1991)[ 75] Ethan Berkowitz (D-Anchorage, AK: 2015–2020)[ 76] Bruce Blakeman (R-First Presiding Officer of Nassau County, NY)Michael Bloomberg (D-New York, NY: 2002–2013)[ 77] David Cicilline (D-Providence, RI: 2003–2011)[ 78] Josh Cohen (D-Annapolis, MD: 2009–2013)[ 79] Larry Cohen (D-Saint Paul, MN: 1972–1976)[ 80] Norm Coleman (R-Saint Paul, MN: 1997–2002)[citation needed Leopold David (Anchorage, AK: 1920–1923), first mayor of Anchorage[ 81] Rahm Emanuel (D-Chicago, IL: 2011–2019)[ 82] Mutt Evans (D-Durham, NC: 1951–1963)[ 83] Dianne Feinstein (D-San Francisco, CA: 1978–1988)[ 84] Bob Filner (D-San Diego, CA: 2012–2013)[ 85] Samuel Folz (D-Kalamazoo, MI: 1903)[ 86] Lois Frankel (D-West Palm Beach, FL: 2003–2011)[ 78] Sandra Freedman (D-Tampa, FL: 1986–1995)[ 87] Jeffrey Friedman (D-Austin, TX: 1975–1977)[ 88] Eva Galambos (R-Sandy Springs, GA: 2005–2014)[ 89] Eric Garcetti (D-Los Angeles, CA; 2013–2022)[ 90] Bailey Gatzert (I-Seattle, WA: 1875–1876)[ 91] Susan Golding (R-San Diego, CA: 1992–2000)[ 92] Neil Goldschmidt (D-Portland, OR: 1973–1979)[ 9] Stephen Goldsmith (R-Indianapolis, IN: 1992–2000)[ 93] Phil Gordon (D-Phoenix, AZ: 2004–2012)[ 94] Bill Gradison (R-Cincinnati, OH: 1971)[ 95] Robert Harris (D-Ann Arbor, MI: 1969–1973)[ 96] Adlene Harrison (D-Dallas, TX: 1976)[ 97] Max Heller (D-Greenville, SC: 1971–1979) [ 98] Julius Houseman (D-Grand Rapids, MI: 1872–1873; 1874–1875)[ 99] Vera Katz (D-Portland, OR: 1993–2005)[ 100] Ed Koch (D-New York, NY: 1978–1989)[ 101] Joseph Lazarow (R-Atlantic City, NJ: 1976–1982)[ 102] Oscar Leeser (D-El Paso, TX: 2013-2017, 2021-Present)[ 103] Henry Loeb (D-Memphis, TN: 1960–1963; 1968–1971),[ 104] Zachariah J. Loussac (D-Anchorage, AK: 1948–1951)[ 105] Sophie Masloff (D-Pittsburgh, PA: 1988–1994)[ 106] Sam Massell (D-Atlanta, GA: 1970–1974)[ 107] Laura Miller (D-Dallas, TX: 2002–2007)[ 108] Arthur Naftalin (D-Minneapolis, MN: 1961–1969)[ 80] Meyera Oberndorf (D-Virginia Beach, VA: 1988–2009)[ 109] Ed Rendell (D-Philadelphia, PA: 1992 – 2000)[ 110] Jonathan Rothschild (D-Tucson, AZ: 2011–2019)[ 111] Libby Schaaf (D-Oakland, CA: 2015-2023)[ 112] Kel Seliger (R-Amarillo, TX: 1993–2001)[ 113] Florence Shapiro (R-Plano, TX: 1990–1992)[ 114] Joseph Simon (R-Portland, OR: 1909–1911)[ 115] Paul Soglin (D-Madison, WI: 1973–1979; 1989–1997; 2011–2019)[ 116] Jerry Springer (D-Cincinnati, OH: 1977–1978)[ 117] Annette Strauss (D-Dallas, TX: 1987–1991)[ 118] Adolph Sutro (R-San Francisco, CA: 1895–1897)[ 119] Susan Weiner (R-Savannah, GA: 1992–1996)[ 120] Edward Zorinsky (R-Omaha, NE: 1973–1976)[ 121] Presidential and vice presidential candidates [ edit ] Tonie Nathan was the vice presidential nominee of the Libertarian Party in 1972 . She received one electoral vote for vice president (from a faithless elector that had pledged his vote for Republicans Richard Nixon and Spiro Agnew ), thus becoming the first Jew to receive an electoral vote for either president or vice president.[ 125] Arlen Specter ran for the Republican nomination in 1996 , but dropped out before the Iowa caucuses. He later became a Democrat.[citation needed Joe Lieberman was the Democratic nominee for vice president in 2000 , receiving 266 electoral votes for vice president. Four years later, he ran for the Democratic presidential nomination for the 2004 election .[ 126] [ 127] [ 128] Jill Stein was the Green Party nominee in 2012 . She lost with 0.36% of the vote, or 470,000 votes. She ran in the 2016 Presidential Election , but lost with just over one percent.[citation needed Bernie Sanders ran for president in 2016 as a Democrat. He became the first Jewish candidate to win a Democratic party primary with a victory in New Hampshire . He lost the nomination to Hillary Clinton .[ 129] 2020 . Sanders received one vote in the electoral college in 2016 from David Mulinix of Hawaii , thus making him the first Jew to receive a vote for president in the college. In addition to this, he received two invalidated votes from other voters in the electoral college.[ 130] Michael Bennet ran in the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries .[ 131] Michael Bloomberg ran in the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries .[ 132] Marianne Williamson , raised in a Jewish family, ran in the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries .[ 133] ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Maisel, L. Sandy ; Forman, Ira N. , eds. (2001). Jews in American Politics Rowman & Littlefield .^ "David Emanuel (ca. 1744–1808)" . Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ "1913: A Jewish Civil War Hero Dies" . Haaretz . July 17, 2014.^ "Edward S. Salomon: Jewish Territorial Governor of Washington – JMAW – Jewish Museum of the American West" . Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ "GENERAL EDWARD S. SALOMON" . Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ Library, California State. "Governors of California – Washington Bartlett" . Retrieved December 16, 2016 . ^ "Florida's Governor-elect of Jewish Parentage" . Jewish Telegraphic Agency . November 13, 1932. Retrieved July 7, 2021 .^ "Laud Milwaukee Jew for Effort in Settling 5-Day Utility Strike" . Jewish Daily Bulletin . July 4, 1934. Retrieved January 15, 2018 .^ a b c Maisel, L. Sandy ; Forman, Ira N. , eds. (2001). Jews in American Politics Rowman & Littlefield .^ "Linda Lingle" . www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org.^ admin (February 11, 2011). "Ex-governor Rendell ponders reconnecting to Jewish roots – j. the Jewish news weekly of Northern California" . Retrieved December 16, 2016 . ^ "Eliot Spitzer" . www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org.^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af Maisel, L. Sandy ; Forman, Ira N. , eds. (2001). Jews in American Politics Rowman & Littlefield .^ "SHUMLIN RETURNS: The VDB Sit-Down / Bio" . Vermont Daily Briefing the original on September 19, 2008.^ "Who are America's Jewish senators and congressmen?" . November 9, 2016. Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ "Jared Polis elected first Jewish governor of Colorado" . November 7, 2018.^ "J.B. Pritzker, Illinois' incoming Jewish governor, opens up about his family's immigrant past" . January 9, 2019.^ "Kenneth Rothman and Harriett Woods: only Missouri Jews to serve as Lt. Governor" . Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ George M. Goodwin; Ellen Smith (2004). The Jews of Rhode Island ISBN 978-1-58465-424-7 ^ Hostein, Lisa (August 2, 2000). "To Jewish Republicans, It's Not About Social Issues – JTA" . Retrieved August 20, 2019 . ^ "What Is Lee Fisher's Religion?" . Politics Daily . Retrieved August 31, 2015 .^ a b "That Was The Jewish Year That Was: 2012 – University Synagogue" . Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ Who's Who In The East – 1993–1994 (24 ed.). Marquis Who's Who . 1992.^ a b "State Republican Officials to Watch in 2013" . Governing.com . 2010. Archived from the original on April 24, 2015. Retrieved April 21, 2015 .^ "Hawaii's Jewish lieutenant governor chosen for US Senate seat" . The Times of Israel. December 27, 2012. Retrieved June 26, 2018 .^ "2010 "Jewish Movers & Shakers" Announced" . Hartford Courant . 2013.^ a b "Lt. Gov. Abramson says he won't seek Kentucky governor's office in 2015" . Lexington Herald-Leader . August 6, 2013. Retrieved August 31, 2015 .^ "Meet Carlos Lopez-Cantera: Florida's First Jewish Governor (for Five Days) – JNS" . JNS. November 19, 2018. Retrieved August 19, 2019 .^ "Vermont state senator whose grandfather died in Holocaust wins congressional primary" . August 10, 2022.^ Klug, Lisa (July 20, 2016). "A small island of Judaism in Hawaiian politics" . Times of Israel ^ "Simon W. Rosendale" . Jewish Encyclopedia . Retrieved October 10, 2012 . American lawyer; born at Albany, N. Y., June 23, 1842; graduated from Barre Academy, Vermont. He was admittedto the bar in 1863, and shortly thereafter became assistant district attorney of Albany county. In 1868 he was elected recorder of Albany, which judicial position he held for four years. ... ^ "Jewish Senators in the United States" . Retrieved May 10, 2019 .^ "Directory of Jewish organizations, at AJC archives" (PDF) .^ "Marshall Rebukes 'nation' for Asserting Ottinger Was Sop to Jewish Voters" . October 28, 1928. Retrieved August 21, 2018 .^ "Wilentz, Father Of Chief Justice And Lindbergh Prosecutor, Dead At 93" . AP. July 6, 1988. Retrieved August 20, 2019 .^ "Reflections on our Predecessors: Some Judges and Lawyers Who Helped Make the Delaware Bar and Bench What it is Today" (PDF) .^ Larry Tye (September 2002). Home Lands: Portraits of the New Jewish Diaspora ISBN 978-0-8050-6591-6 ^ "No Jews on AG Ballot" . The Jewish Week ^ Deborah Poritz at Jewish Women's Archive ^ New Jersey Jewish News: "Jewish figures on all sides of ‘Bridgegate’ – Christie friends, foes include a schoolmate, attorney, and mayor" by Robert Wiener] January 29, 2014^ Lipowsky, Josh (June 8, 2007). "We're Very Proud of our Hometown Boy" . Jewish Standard . Retrieved August 20, 2019 . ^ Kampeas, Ron (February 11, 2008). "Jewish Politicians in Maryland Speak Out for Obama" . JTA. ^ "The Napoleon in the Napoleonic Code: Jeff Landry, Louisiana's Attorney General. Chapter 1" . January 6, 2017.^ Times of Israel: "NY state attorney says he was target of anti-Semitic Trump supporters" August 27, 2016.^ Schlanger, Kevin (November 27, 2013). "Tom Horn Visits Yeshiva High School" . JewishAZ. Retrieved August 20, 2019 . ^ "Best Jewish Atlanta Current Elected Official" . Atlanta Jewish Times . June 23, 2016. Retrieved August 20, 2019 .^ Pein, Corey (February 28, 2017). "AG Ellen Rosenblum 'Confused,' 'Shocked' By Trump Comments On Anti-Jewish Threats" . Willamette Week . ^ Motkina, Alyona (October 30, 2014). "For Maryland, Brown and Frosh" . Baltimore Jewish Times . Retrieved February 28, 2019 . ^ "A Conversation with NC Senator Josh Stein – Kol Haskalah" . November 11, 2013.^ jcohen (January 20, 2016). "Josh Shapiro Ready for Next Phase of Career – Jewish Exponent" . ^ Dolsten, Josefin (February 22, 2019). "How Judaism Inspires the First Openly Gay Politician in Michigan State Office" . The Times of Israel ^ Paul, Jesse (May 30, 2018). "Five Things to Know about Phil Weiser, One of Two Democratic Candidates for Colorado Attorney General" . The Denver Post . ^ "Caroline Klein Simon | Jewish Women's Archive" . jwa.org.^ Fleisher, Gabe (October 13, 2016). "Senate candidate influenced by Jewish upbringing" . St. Louis Jewish Light ^ Lubitz, Rachel (June 21, 2014). "On Love: Jena Griswold and Mohamed Enab" . The Washington Post . Retrieved November 7, 2018 . ^ "AIPACs Steve Grossman takes Democratic Party post – J Weekly" . January 17, 1997. Retrieved August 20, 2019 .^ "Mandel speech before Republican Jewish Coalition" , YouTube. July 3, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2009.^ "Congratulations to the Jewish Republican Winners of 2014!" . Republican Jewish Coalition .^ Kampeas, Ron (October 27, 2022). "Meet 10 Jewish candidates who could be elected to Congress for the first time this fall" . Jewish Telegraphic Agency . Retrieved November 13, 2022 . ^ Schoenberg, Shira (January 21, 2015). "State Treasurer Deborah Goldberg pledges to grow rainy day fund, upgrade lottery as she takes office" . masslive. ^ "As Florida's only Jewish statewide-elected official..." , Twitter. April 8, 2021.^ Shaar, Julie (January 1, 2015). "Austin Elects New Mayor with Strong Ties to Jewish Community" . Archived from the original on May 1, 2015. Retrieved April 30, 2015 . ^ "Seven Days – Vermont's Independent Voice" . Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ "Alison Lebovitz On Chattanooga's New Jewish Mayor; Israeli Drs Help Treat Bombing Suspect" . Birmingham Jewish Federation . Archived from the original on August 13, 2014. Retrieved June 18, 2014 .^ "Jersey City Boy" . Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ "Double Down – Tablet Magazine – Jewish News and Politics, Jewish Arts and Culture, Jewish Life and Religion" . April 5, 2011. Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ "Sacramento's new mayor Darrell Steinberg rooted in Jewish values, January 11, 2017" . The Jewish News of Northern California. January 11, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2018 .^ a b "Jewish mayor 'bars' Trump from St. Petersburg" . The Times of Israel . Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ "Jewish Philanthropist Elected Mayor of San Francisco" . Haaretz . Retrieved November 8, 2024 . ^ "No martinis here: An alligator lunch with Minneapolis Council Member Jacob Frey" . Star Tribune ^ templatemo (December 12, 2012). "ARCHIVES OF ABE ARONOVITZ, FORMER MIAMI MAYOR, TO BE PRESERVED – Aronovitz Law" . Archived from the original on May 3, 2016. Retrieved December 16, 2016 . ^ "Harry Bacharach to Become Mayor of Atlantic City" . July 8, 1930. Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ Kestenbaum, Lawrence. "The Political Graveyard: Jewish Politicians in Arizona" . Retrieved December 16, 2016 . ^ Widmer, Mary Lou (January 1, 2007). New Orleans, 1900 to 1920 ISBN 9781589804012 . Retrieved December 16, 2016 – via Google Books. ^ "The Milwaukee Sentinel – Google News Archive Search" .^ ww.adn.com/article/20150701/berkowitz-sworn-anchorage-mayor-downtown-ceremony ^ "Michael Bloomberg" . Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved August 31, 2015 .^ a b J.J. Goldberg (November 4, 2010). "Rite of Returns: Jews Who Ran for Congress — Winners & Losers" . The Jewish Daily Forward. Archived from the original on October 7, 2011. Retrieved November 8, 2010 . ^ "Former Annapolis Mayor Josh Cohen Takes New State Post" . December 19, 2013. Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ a b "Minnesota Jewish History" . www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org.^ Kestenbaum, Lawrence. "The Political Graveyard: Jewish Politicians in Alaska" . Retrieved December 16, 2016 . ^ Steve Hendrix (August 22, 2006). "Fighting for the Spoils Lawmaker and Rainmaker Rahm Emanuel Wants a Nov. 7 Victory for the Democrats So Bad He Can Almost Taste It. If Only He Had Time to Eat" . Washington Post . Retrieved November 9, 2006 . ^ "And Justice for All – Emanuel J. "Mutt" Evans, First Jewish Mayor, 1951–1963" . Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ Slater, Elinor; Slater, Robert (1994). Great Jewish Women ISBN 978-0-8246-0370-0 Archived from the original on April 14, 2023. Retrieved April 10, 2016 . Pale of Settlement policy restricted Jews to living in specifically designated parts of Czarist Russia . They were excluded from living in the main Russian cities.)^ "New Jewish Mayor of San Diego Has Dubious Record on Israel" . Los Angeles Times . November 9, 2012. Retrieved June 11, 2014 .^ Kestenbaum, Lawrence. "The Political Graveyard: Jewish Politicians in Michigan" . Retrieved December 16, 2016 . ^ "Northoftampa: Group stays true to women and health" . Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ "Jeffrey Mark Friedman's Obituary on Austin American-Statesman" . Legacy.com . Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ "Eva Galambos, Jewish Mother to an Entire City – AJT" . April 21, 2015. Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ "The Fix" . The Washington Post .^ "Bailey Gatzert is elected mayor of Seattle on August 2, 1875 – HistoryLink.org" . Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ R. Lamb, John. " . San Diego City Beat . Archived from the original on March 8, 2016. Retrieved March 7, 2016 . ^ "The Jewish Week on Zionist Influence in Bush's New Administration – Radio Islam" . Archived from the original on January 12, 2017. Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ "Phoenix Mayor Challenges Popular Sheriff's Anti-Immigration Tactics" . July 25, 2008. Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ Stone, Kurt F. "The Jews of Capitol Hill: A Compendium of Jewish Congressional Members , (2011). Pages 310–312. ISBN 9780810857315 . ^ Kestenbaum, Lawrence. "The Political Graveyard: Index to Politicians: Harris, O to R" . Retrieved December 16, 2016 . ^ "Adlene Harrison becomes first Jewish female big-city mayor – Jewish Women's Archive" . Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ "Oral history interview with Max Heller" . Retrieved April 8, 2024 .^ "Julius Houseman" . www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org.^ "Secret history of Jewish Portland revealed" . April 25, 2013. Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ "Ed Koch, Fiercely Secular Jew, Takes Unique New York Style to Grave" .^ "Archives – Philly.com" . Retrieved December 16, 2016 .[dead link ] ^ "Leeser family patriarch passes away" . KTSM 9 News . January 9, 2018. Retrieved December 5, 2023 .^ "Out of Context: A New York Jew in the New South – VQR Online" . Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ Zachariah J. Loussac ^ Belsie, Laurent (May 9, 1988). "Pittsburgh's first woman mayor fills in during transition" . Christian Science Monitor . Retrieved December 16, 2016 . ^ "Sam H. Massell, Jr., 41-year-old Jew, is Elected Mayor of Atlanta" . October 23, 1969. Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ Frost, Martin (October 30, 2007). "Romney Falling Victim to Voters' Religious Discrimination" . Fox News the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved December 16, 2016 . ^ Andy Fox (March 13, 2015). "Former VB Mayor Meyera Oberndorf dies at age 74" . Retrieved December 16, 2016 . ^ "What Ed Rendell and other prominent Jewish politicians do on Christmas Day - Billy Penn" . December 22, 2015. Retrieved August 20, 2024 .^ "Tucson Mayor Jonathan Rothschild: Tikkun olam drives him to lead – Arizona Jewish Life" . March 26, 2015. Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ "California Councilwoman Libby Schaaf Targeted With Swastikas in Oakland – Forward" . January 21, 2014. Retrieved January 21, 2014 .^ "News – amarillo.com" . Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ "The chosen people – Politics – Dallas News" . May 12, 2008. Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ "Joseph Simon, Pioneer Jewish Lawyer, State Senator, and U.S. Senator from the State of Oregon – JMAW – Jewish Museum of the American West" . Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ Mosiman, Dean (January 30, 2015). "Paul Soglin wants to continue work on finances, poverty and equity" . Wisconsin State Journal . Retrieved December 16, 2016 . ^ "Jerry Springer: 'I was a poor refugee' | The Jewish Chronicle" . Archived from the original on June 20, 2011.^ "Annette Greenfield Strauss becomes first elected female mayor of Dallas – Jewish Women's Archive" . Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ www.darriendesign.com, Site design and illustration by. "Encyclopedia of San Francisco" . Archived from the original on October 6, 2016. Retrieved December 16, 2016 . ^ "Susan Weiner, first female mayor of Savannah, dies at 66" . Retrieved December 16, 2016 .^ "Edward Zorinsky" . www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org.^ "Dan Ankeles" . Ballotpedia . Retrieved February 13, 2024 .^ "Simcha Felder's state Senate stronghold" . City & State NY . May 7, 2018. Retrieved November 18, 2024 .^ "Loretta Weinberg, the Jewish Grandma Who's Making Chris Christie's Life Miserable" . The Forward . January 22, 2014. Retrieved November 18, 2024 .^ Elvin, John (September 28, 2000). "Whatever Happened to ...(Tonie Nathan)" . Insight on the News the original on June 10, 2014. Retrieved July 31, 2012 . ^ Goodstein, Laurie (August 18, 2000). "DEMOCRATS: THE OBSERVANCES; Lieberman Balances Private Faith With Life in the Public Eye" . The New York Times . ^ Scott, Janny (November 3, 2006). "Failed '04 Presidential Run Hardened Lieberman's Independent Ways" . The New York Times . ^ "The Electoral College | National Archives" . May 20, 2019.^ Guttman, Nathan (February 10, 2016). "After Bernie Sanders Landslide in New Hampshire, Team Hillary Plans Fightback on Israel" . The Forward . Retrieved February 10, 2016 . ^ "Which candidates did the seven "faithless" electors support?" . www.cbsnews.com. December 21, 2016. Retrieved December 9, 2019 .^ Merica, Dan (May 2, 2019). "Sen. Michael Bennet announces a 2020 presidential run" . CNN. Retrieved May 2, 2019 . ^ Burns, Alexander (November 24, 2019). "Michael Bloomberg Joins 2020 Democratic Field for President" . The New York Times . ISSN 0362-4331 . Retrieved December 9, 2019 . ^ Stracqualursi, Veronica (January 31, 2019). "Author seeking Dem presidential nod calls for 'moral and spiritual awakening' in US" . CNN. 
French
Deutsch
.jpg)
.jpg)
.JPG)
.jpg)
.jpg)
_(cropped).jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
_(cropped).png)
_2.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.png)
.jpg)
.jpg)
_(cropped).jpg)
.jpg)
,_Secretary_of_the_State_of_Connecticut,_1957.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
