List of Soviet microprocessors
Both microcontrollers and microprocessors (including bit-slice processors and DSPs) from the Soviet Union are listed here. Newer devices from Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine are listed here if they are labelled according to the Soviet integrated circuit designation.
Soviet series | Western equivalent | Word size (bit) | Technology | Type | Instruction set | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
145 | CMOS,[1] PMOS, other | controller | К145 is a combined series with different IC technology and purpose К145ИК1807[2][3][1][4] | |||
532 | 4n | CMOS | bit-slice | Elektronika NC | series later renamed to 587[5] | |
536 | 8n | PMOS | bit-slice | Elektronika S5 | К536ИК9[5][6][7][8] | |
580 | Intel 8080 | 8 | NMOS | processor | КР580ВМ80А[3][5][4][6][9][10][11][12] | |
581 | Western Digital MCP-1600 | 16 | NMOS | processor | PDP-11 | КР581ИК1[3][4][6][10][11] |
582 | Texas Instruments SBP0400 | 4n | I²L | bit-slice | КР582ИК1[5][11] | |
583 | 8n | I²L | bit-slice | К583ВС1А[3][5][4][11] | ||
584 | Texas Instruments SBP0400 | 4n | I²L | bit-slice | К584ВМ1[5][4][6][11] | |
585 | Intel 3000 | 2n | Schottky TTL | bit-slice | К585ИК02[11][13][14] | |
586 | 16 | NMOS | processor | Elektronika S5 (Электроника C5) | К586ВЕ1[3][6][8][11][13][15] | |
587 | 4n | CMOS | bit-slice | Elektronika NC (Электроника НЦ) | КР587ИК1[5][4][6][11][13] | |
588 | 16 | CMOS | processor | PDP-11 | КР588ВС2А[3][5][4][6][9][11][12][13][16][17] | |
589 | Intel 3000 | 2n | Schottky TTL | bit-slice | К589ИК02[3][4][6][10][11][13] | |
602 | MCS 65C02 | 8 | CMOS | processor | К602ВМ1[18] | |
1005 | Panasonic MN1405 | 4 | NMOS | controller | КР1005ВЕ1[19] | |
1011 | PMOS | controller | К1011ВГ101[2][3] | |||
1013 | 16 | CMOS | processor | PDP-11 | КА1013ВМ1[19] | |
1582 | Zilog Z84C00 | 8 | CMOS | processor | КМ1582ВМ2[5] | |
1800 | Motorola MC10800 | 4n | ECL | bit-slice | К1800ВC1[3][5][4][6][9][10][12][20] | |
1801 | 16 | NMOS | controller | Elektronika NC | К1801ВЕ1[20][21] | |
16 | NMOS | processor | PDP-11 | 1801BMx[3][5][6][9][12][20][22] | ||
1802 | 8n | Schottky TTL | bit-slice | КР1802ВС1[3][5][6][9][12][13][14][20][22] | ||
1803 | 4 | PMOS | controller | КР1803ВЕ1[20] | ||
1804 | AMD Am2900 | 4n | Schottky TTL | bit-slice | КР1804ВС1[3][6][9][10][12][13][20][22][23] | |
1805 | 4n | CMOS | bit-slice | КБ1805ВС1-1[3][20] | ||
1806 | 4 | CMOS | controller | КР1806ВЕ1[3][5][20] | ||
1806 | 16 | CMOS | processor | PDP-11 | 1806ВМ2[3][5][13][20][24] | |
1807 | DEC T-11 | 16 | NMOS | processor | PDP-11 | КР1807ВМ1[3][10][20] |
DEC MicroVAX | 32 | NMOS | processor | VAX | КЛ1807ВМ3[3][5][10][20] | |
1808 | 8 | I²L | controller | КА1808ВМ1[3][20][22] | ||
1810 | Intel 8086 | 16 | NMOS | processor | x86 | К1810ВМ86[3][5][6][9][10][12][20][22] |
Intel 8088 | 16 | NMOS | processor | x86 | К1810ВМ88 | |
1811 | DEC F-11 | 16 | NMOS | processor | PDP-11 | КН1811ВМ1[3][5][10][12][20][22][25] |
1813 | Intel 2920 | 24 | NMOS | DSP | КМ1813ВЕ1А[2][3][10][12][20][22] | |
1814 | Texas Instruments TMS1000 | 4 | PMOS | controller | КР1814ВЕ2[2][3][5][9][10][20][22] | |
1815 | 16 | I²L | DSP | К1815ИА1[3][26] | ||
1816 | Intel 8048 | 8 | NMOS | controller | MCS-48 | КМ1816ВЕ48[2][3][5][9][10][12][22][26] |
Intel 8051 | 8 | NMOS | controller | MCS-51 | КР1816ВЕ51[3][5][10][12][26] | |
1817 | 8n | Schottky TTL | bit-slice | 1817ВС11А[3][5] | ||
1818 | Signetics 8X300 | 8 | Schottky TTL | processor | КМ1818ВМ01[3][26] | |
1819 | 4n | CMOS | bit-slice | 1819ИК2[3][13] | ||
1820 | National Semiconductor COP400 | 4 | NMOS | controller | КР1820ВЕ1[2][3][9][10][26][17] | |
CMOS | controller | КР1820ВЕ3[17] | ||||
1821 | Intel 80C85 | 8 | CMOS | processor | ИМ1821ВМ85А[3][10][12][13][26][27][28] | |
1822 | 8n | bit-slice | 1822ВС1[3] | |||
1824 | 16 | CMOS | processor | PDP-11 | 1824ВС21[3][5] | |
1825 | 16 / 32 | CMOS | processor | Б1825ВС1-2[3][5][13][24][29][30][31] | ||
1826 | 8 | CMOS | processor | 1826ВМ1А[3] | ||
1827 | 16 | NMOS | controller | Elektronika S5 | К1827ВЕ1[3][5][13][26] | |
16 | NMOS | DSP | КМ1827ВЕ3[3][12][13][26] | |||
1829 | NEC μPD7500 | 4 | CMOS | controller | КА1829ВМ1[3][26] | |
1830 | Intel 80C48 | 8 | CMOS | controller | MCS-48 | КР1830ВЕ48[3][5][10][26] |
Intel 80C51 | 8 | CMOS | controller | MCS-51 | КМ1830ВЕ751[3][5][10][13][24][26][32] | |
1831 | DEC J-11 | 16 | CMOS | processor | PDP-11 | КН1831ВМ1[3][5][10][26] |
1832 | 16 | Schottky TTL | DSP | КН1832ИА1[3][5][26] | ||
1833 | 6 | CMOS | controller | КР1833ВЕ1[3][5][26] | ||
1834 | Intel 80C86 | 16 | CMOS | processor | x86 | КР1834ВМ86[3][5][10][26] |
1835 | 16 | CMOS | controller | КФ1835ВЕ3[3][33] | ||
Intel 80C48 | 8 | CMOS | controller | MCS-48 | КР1835ВЕ49[3][26][34] | |
Intel 80C51 | 8 | CMOS | controller | MCS-51 | КР1835ВЕ51[3][26] | |
Intel 80C86 | 16 | CMOS | processor | x86 | КР1835ВМ86[3][26][35] | |
1836 | 16 | CMOS | processor | PDP-11 | Н1836ВМ3[5][13] | |
1838 | AMD Am29500 | 8n | Schottky TTL | bit-slice | 1838ВС1[3][5] | |
1839 | 32 | CMOS | processor | VAX | Л1839ВМ1[3][5][13][26][36] | |
1843 | AMD Am29C300 | 32 | CMOS | processor | КА1843ВС1[3][12][26] | |
1845 | 32 | CMOS | processor | КА1845ВС1[3][26] | ||
1847 | Intel 80C286 | 16 | CMOS | processor | x86 | КР1847ВМ286[3][10][26] |
1850 | Intel 8048 | 8 | NMOS | controller | MCS-48 | КР1850ВЕ48[3][5][10][26][37] |
1851 | 8 | CMOS | controller | 1851ВЕ51У[24] | ||
1858 | Zilog Z80 | 8 | NMOS | processor | КР1858ВМ1[3][5][10][26] | |
Zilog Z84C00 | 8 | CMOS | processor | КР1858ВМ3[3][5][10][38] | ||
1865 | 16 | CMOS | processor | К1865ВМ1[12] | ||
1867 | Texas Instruments TMS320 | 16 / 32 | CMOS | DSP | Л1867ВМ2[3][5][13][24][26][32] | |
1868 | Panasonic MN1500 | 4 | CMOS | controller | КЛ1868ВЕ1[3][5][26] | |
1869 | Mitsubishi M50959 | 8 | CMOS | controller | КФ1869ВЕ1[26][39] | |
4 | CMOS | controller | КФ1869ВЕ2[3][26][40] | |||
1871 | 4 | CMOS | controller | КН1871ВЕ1[3][26][41] | ||
1874 | Intel 80C196 | 16 | CMOS | controller | MCS-96 | Л1874ВЕ36[5][13][24][26][32] |
1875 | Intel 80C186 | 16 | CMOS | processor | x86 | 1875ВД1Т[24] |
Intel 80386EXTB | 32 | CMOS | processor | x86 | 1875ВД2Т[13][42] | |
1876 | MIPS R3000 | 32 | CMOS | processor | MIPS | Л1876ВМ1[3][5][13][43][44][45] |
1878 | 8 | CMOS | controller | Theseus | КР1878ВЕ1[3][24][26][46] | |
1879 | 32 | CMOS | DSP | 1879ВМ1[13][24][47] | ||
32 | CMOS | processor + DSP | ARM | 1879ВЯ1Я[47] | ||
1880 | Intel 80C51 | 8 | CMOS | controller | MCS-51 | 1880ВЕ51Р[3][13][16][24] |
1881 | 16 | CMOS | controller | 1881ВЕ2Т[13][16][24] | ||
1882 | 8 | CMOS | controller | MCS-51 | 1882ВЕ53У[13][24][32] | |
1883 | ZMD U830C | 8n | NMOS | bit-slice | PDP-11 | U830C[5][6] |
1886 | Microchip PIC17C756A | 8 | CMOS | controller | PIC17 | К1886ВЕ2У[5][13][24][48][49] |
1887 | Infineon C166 | 16 | CMOS | controller | C166 | 1887ВЕ3Т[13][24][32] |
Atmel ATmega | 8 | CMOS | controller | AVR | 1887ВЕ4У[13][24][32] | |
1888 | 32 | CMOS | controller + DSP | ARM | К1888ВС018[47] | |
32 | CMOS | processor + DSP | PowerPC | 1888ТХ018[47] | ||
1890 | 32 | CMOS | processor | MIPS | 1890ВМ1Т[5][13][24][50] | |
1890 | 64 | CMOS | processor | MIPS | 1890ВМ5Ф[5][13][24][50] | |
1891 | 32 | CMOS | processor | SPARC | 1891ВМ3[13][24][51] | |
1891 | CMOS | processor | Elbrus 2000 | 1891ВМ4Я[13][24][51] | ||
1892 | 32 | CMOS | processor + DSP | MIPS | 1892ВМ2Я[13][24][52] | |
32 | CMOS | processor + DSP | ARM | 1892ВМ14Я[52] | ||
1894 | 16 | CMOS | controller | TF-16 | К1894ВГ1Т[13][24][53][54][55] | |
1899 | 32 | CMOS | processor | 1899ВМ1Т[13][24] | ||
1900 | 32 | CMOS | processor | MIPS | 1900ВМ2Т[13][24][50] | |
1901 | Texas Instruments TMS320 | 32 / 16 | controller + DSP | ARM | 1901ВЦ1Т[48][56] | |
1902 | CMOS | DSP | 1902ВЦ1Я[13] | |||
1903 | Texas Instruments MSP430F149 | 16 | controller | MSP 430 | 1903ВЕ91Т[57][58] | |
1904 | 32 | CMOS | controller | MIPS | 1904ВЕ1Т[24][31][59] | |
1905 | controller | К1905ВМ1Я[60] | ||||
1906 | LEON4 | 32 | CMOS | processor | SPARC | 1906BМ016[24][32] |
1907 | 32 | CMOS | processor | MIPS | 1907ВМ014[24][50] | |
1907 | 64 | CMOS | processor | MIPS | 1907ВМ028[24][50] | |
1910 | Texas Instruments TMS320C546 | 16 | CMOS | DSP | 1910ВМ1Т[24][31][59] | |
1913 | 16 | CMOS | controller | TF-16 | 1913ВА015[55][61] | |
1914 | 32 | CMOS | processor | ARM | 1914ВМ014[31][59] | |
1917 | 32 | controller | ARM | К1917ВА014[62] | ||
1921 | 32 | CMOS | controller | ARM | К1921ВК01Т[32] | |
32 | controller | RISC-V | 1921ВК048[63] | |||
1923 | 32 | controller | ARM | 1923ВК014[48] | ||
1931 | 32 | CMOS | controller | RISC-V | 1931ВА018[14] | |
1938 | 32 | controller | KVARC | 1938ВМ014[14] | ||
1946 | 32 | CMOS | controller | ARM | К1946ВК028[32] | |
1948 | 32 | controller | RISC-V | К1948ВК018[64] | ||
1967 | Texas Instruments TMS320C546 | 16 | CMOS | DSP | 1967ВЦ1Т[13][24] | |
Analog Devices TigerSHARC | 32 | CMOS | DSP | 1967ВЦ3Т[24][48][65] | ||
1986 | 32 | CMOS | controller | ARM | 1986ВЕ9х[13][24][48][66][67] | |
1990 | 32 | CMOS | processor | MIPS | 1990ВМ2Т[13][24] | |
1990 | 64 | CMOS | processor | MIPS | 1990ВМ3Т[13][24][50] | |
5001 | 32 | CMOS | controller | ARM | КА5001ВК1А[68] | |
5004 | 8 | CMOS | controller | Theseus | КБ5004ВЕ1[26][69][70] | |
5023 | 32 | CMOS | controller | ARM | 5023ВС016[24][70] | |
5400 | 8 | CMOS | controller | MCS-51 | 5400ВК015[71][72] | |
32 | CMOS | controller | RISC-V | 5400ТР194[72] | ||
5500 | 64 | CMOS | processor | MIPS | К5500ВК018[50] | |
5510 | 32 | CMOS | controller | RISC-V | 5510ТС018[14] | |
5512 | 32 | CMOS | controller | KVARC | К5512БП1Ф[73][74] | |
32 | CMOS | controller | MIPS | К5512БП2Ф[74] | ||
5534 | 16 | CMOS | controller | MSP 430 | 5534ТХ014[75] | |
5539 | 32 | CMOS | controller | KVARC | 5539ТР016[76] | |
5550 | 8 | controller | 5550ХТ015[14] | |||
5701 | Intel 80C51 | 8 | CMOS | controller | MCS-51 | УМ5701ВЕ51[77] |
5890 | 32 | CMOS | processor | MIPS | 5890ВЕ1Т[13][24][50] |
References
[edit]- ^ a b "145 серия - Музей электронных раритетов".
- ^ a b c d e f Варламов, И.В. (1989). Микропроцессоры в бытовой технике (in Russian). Радио и связь. ISBN 5256004794.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj Козак, Виктор Романович (24 May 2014). "Номенклатура и аналоги отечественных микросхем". www.inp.nsk.su (in Russian). Retrieved 24 March 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Шахнова, В. А. (1988). Микропроцессоры и микропроцессорные комплекты интегральных микросхем: Справочник. В 2-х т. Том 1 [Microprocessors and microprocessor chip sets: A reference. In 2 volumes. Vol. 1] (in Russian). Moscow: Радио и связь. ISBN 5-256-00371-2. Retrieved 20 October 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar "Активные элементы". www.155la3.ru (in Russian). Музей электронных раритетов. Retrieved 24 March 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Нестеров, П. В. (1986). Микропроцессоры. В 3-х книгах. Книга 1. Архитектура и проектирование микро-ЭВМ. Организация вычислительных процессов [Microprocessors. In 3 volumes. Volume 1. Architecture and design of microcomputers. Organization of computing processes.] (in Russian). Moscow: ВЫСШАЯ ШКОЛА.
- ^ Нефедов, А.В. (2001). Интегральные микросхемы и их зарубежные аналоги. Том 04. Серии К507-К543 [Integrated circuits and their foreign equivalents. Volume 04. Series K507-K543.] (in Russian). Moscow: ИП РадиоСофт. ISBN 5-93037-020-6. Retrieved 4 October 2016.
- ^ a b М. П. Гальперин, В. Я. Кузнецов, Ю. А. Маслеников, В. Е. Панкин, В. П. Цветов, А. И. Боровской. (1980). Микро-ЭВМ "Электроника С5" и их применение [The microcomputer "Elektronika S5" and its application]. Массовая библиотека инженера «Электроника» (in Russian). Moscow: Советское радио.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b c d e f g h i j Ниссельсон, Л.И. (1989). Цифровые и аналоговые интегральные микросхемы (in Russian). Радио и связь. ISBN 5256002597.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w "Soviet microprocessors, microcontrollers, FPU chips and their western analogs". www.cpu-world.com. Retrieved 24 March 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Нефедов, А.В. (2002). Интегральные микросхемы и их зарубежные аналоги. Том 06. Серии К565-К599 [Integrated circuits and their foreign equivalents. Volume 06. Series K565-K599.] (in Russian). Moscow: ИП РадиоСофт. ISBN 5-93037-039-7. Retrieved 4 October 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Титов М.А., Веревкин А.Ю., Валерьянов В.И. (1994). Изделия электронной техники. Микропроцессоры и однокристальные микроЭВМ [Electronic products. Microprocessors and single-chip microcomputers] (in Russian). Moscow: Радио и связь. ISBN 5-256-01144-8.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao "Микросхемы вычислительных средств, включая микропроцессоры, микроЭВМ, цифровые процессоры обработки сигналов и контроллеры" [Integrated circuits for computing devices, including microprocessors, microcomputers, digital signal processors, and controllers]. promvpk.ru (in Russian). Promelektronika VPK. Archived from the original on 28 March 2017. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f "Микросхемы ПАО Микрон 2020" [Integrated Circuits PAO Mikron 2020] (PDF) (in Russian). Mikron. Retrieved 16 February 2021.
- ^ "К586ВЕ1" [K586VE1] (PDF). silirium.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 20 December 2018.
- ^ a b c "Микроконтроллеры и супервизоры питания Серии 1880; 1881; 1842; 588; 1345; 5518АП1ТБМ" [Microcontrollers and Power Supervisors Series 1880; 1881; 1842; 588; 1345; 5518AP1TBM]. integral.by (in Russian). Minsk: OAO "Integral". Retrieved 6 January 2017.
- ^ a b c "Руководства" [Manuals]. transistor.by (in Russian). Minsk: "Transistor" branch of OAO "Integral". Archived from the original on 27 March 2015. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
- ^ "Музей электронных раритетов - Актив - 4.К602ВМ1".
- ^ a b Нефедов, А.В. (2000). Интегральные микросхемы и их зарубежные аналоги. Том 07. Серии К700-К1043 [Integrated circuits and their foreign equivalents. Volume 07. Series K700-K1043.] (in Russian). Moscow: ИП РадиоСофт. ISBN 5-93037-003-6. Retrieved 21 October 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Нефедов, А.В. (2001). Интегральные микросхемы и их зарубежные аналоги. Том 11. Серии К1564-К1814 [Integrated circuits and their foreign equivalents. Volume 11. Series K1564-K1814.] (in Russian). Moscow: ИП РадиоСофт. ISBN 5-93037-049-4. Retrieved 21 October 2016.
- ^ "К1801ВЕ1 Однокристальная микро-ЭВМ" [Single-chip microcontroller K1801VE1] (PDF). ic-info.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 20 October 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Шахнова, В. А. (1988). Микропроцессоры и микропроцессорные комплекты интегральных микросхем: Справочник. В 2-х т. Том 2 [Microprocessors and microprocessor chip sets: A reference. In 2 volumes. Vol. 2] (in Russian). Moscow: Радио и связь. ISBN 5-256-00373-9. Retrieved 20 October 2017.
- ^ "Каталог изделий 2021" [Product catalog 2021] (PDF) (in Russian). Voronezh: OAO "VZPP-S". Retrieved 30 September 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai "Изделия отечественного производства" [Domestic products]. spels.ru (in Russian). Moscow: AO "ENPO SPELS". Retrieved 1 September 2016.
- ^ "The Electronika MK1 red3 PDP-11 Chipset and Tetris". cpushack.com. 6 September 2015. Retrieved 12 April 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af Нефедов, А.В. (2001). Интегральные микросхемы и их зарубежные аналоги. Том 12. Серии К1815-К6501 [Integrated circuits and their foreign equivalents. Volume 12. Series K1815-K6501.] (in Russian). Moscow: ИП РадиоСофт. ISBN 5-93037-053-2. Retrieved 21 October 2016.
- ^ "Микропроцессорный комплект М1821" [Microprocessor system M1821]. nzpp.ru (in Russian). Novosibirsk: AO NZPP. Retrieved 31 May 2016.
- ^ "The Soviet CMOS 8085 CPU: 1821VM85A". cpushack.com. 24 August 2022. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
- ^ "Продукция" [Products]. sapfir.ru (in Russian). Moscow: PAO NPP "Sapfir". Retrieved 31 May 2016.
- ^ "Спецстойкие КМОП КНС СБИС Каталог 2016" [Hardened silicon-on-sapphire CMOS VLSI catalog 2016] (PDF) (in Russian). Zelenograd: Angstrem. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 October 2018. Retrieved 23 September 2022.
- ^ a b c d "Микропроцессоры и микроконтроллеры" [Microprocessors and microcontrollers]. mvc-nn.ru (in Russian). Nizhny Novgorod: MVC. 2014. Archived from the original on 10 May 2017. Retrieved 20 October 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Интегральные микросхемы" [Integrated circuits]. niiet.ru (in Russian). Voronezh: OAO "NIIET". Retrieved 30 March 2021.
- ^ "КФ1835ВЕ3 – универсальный 16-разрядный микроконтроллер". Радиолюбитель (in Russian). July 1998. pp. 41–43. Retrieved 19 April 2016.
- ^ "МикроЭВМ КА/КР1835ВЕ39(49)". Радиолюбитель (in Russian). May 1993. p. 47. Retrieved 19 April 2016.
- ^ "Микропроцессор КР1835ВМ86". Радиолюбитель (in Russian). May 1993. p. 46. Retrieved 19 April 2016.
- ^ "32-разрядный VAX-11/750-совместимый микропроцессорный комплект" [32-bit VAX-11/750-compatible microprocessor series] (in Russian). Zelenograd: Angstrem. Archived from the original on 11 April 2021. Retrieved 23 September 2022.
- ^ "Микроконтроллеры" [Microcontrollers]. nzpp.ru (in Russian). Novosibirsk: AO NZPP. Retrieved 2021-03-19.
- ^ "КР1858ВМ3" [KR1858VM3]. transistor.by (in Russian). Minsk: "Transistor" branch of OAO "Integral". Archived from the original on 27 March 2015. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
- ^ "Микросхема КФ1869ВЕ1" [The integrated circuit KF1869VE1]. Радиолюбитель (in Russian). November 1994. pp. 46–48. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
- ^ "Универсальная 4-разрядная микро-ЭВМ КФ1869ВЕ2 для бытовой аппаратуры". Радиолюбитель (in Russian). July 1994. pp. 46–47. Retrieved 27 March 2016.
- ^ "КН1871ВЕ1" [KN1871VE1] (PDF). chipfind.ru (in Russian). Zelenograd: Angstrem. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
- ^ "Каталог продукции" [Product catalog]. svetpol.ru (in Russian). Saint Petersburg: ZAO Svetlana Semiconductors. Retrieved 30 May 2016.
- ^ "Л1876" [L1876] (PDF). chipfind.ru (in Russian). Zelenograd: Angstrem. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
- ^ "32-разрядный RISC микропроцессорный комплект" [32-bit microprocessor family]. angstrem.ru (in Russian). Zelenograd: Angstrem. Archived from the original on 7 July 2011. Retrieved 22 November 2016.
- ^ "Разработка микропроцессоров" [Microprocessor development]. niisi.ru (in Russian). Moscow: NIISI. Archived from the original on 21 February 2001. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
- ^ "8-разрядный микроконтроллер с архитектурой Тесей" [8-bit microcontroller architecture Theseus] (in Russian). Zelenograd: Angstrem. Archived from the original on 11 April 2021. Retrieved 23 September 2022.
- ^ a b c d "Микроэлектроника" [Microelectronics] (in Russian). NTC Module. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ a b c d e "Каталог продукции группы компаний "Миландр" 2017" [Product catalog of the Milandr Group 2017] (PDF). milandr.ru (in Russian). Moscow: PKK Milandr. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 October 2017. Retrieved 4 March 2019.
- ^ "Milandr K1886VE: The PIC That Went to Russia". cpushack.com. 10 March 2016. Retrieved 21 July 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Разработка СБИС - Развитие микропроцессоров с архитектурой КОМДИВ" [VLSI development - Development of microprocessors using the KOMDIV architecture]. niisi.ru (in Russian). Moscow: NIISI. Retrieved 6 September 2016.
- ^ a b "Микропроцессоры и СБИС" [Microprocessors and VLSI] (in Russian). Moscow: MCST. Retrieved 3 October 2022.
- ^ a b "Микросхемы" [Integrated circuits] (in Russian). Zelenograd: Elvees Multicore. Retrieved 3 October 2022.
- ^ "Микроконтроллеры" [Microcontrollers]. zntc.ru (in Russian). Zelenograd: ZNTC. Retrieved 20 October 2017.
- ^ "16-bit Microcontrollers". www.idm-plus.ru. Zelenograd: IDM-PLUS. Archived from the original on 16 November 2016. Retrieved 21 October 2017.
- ^ a b "Российская технологическая платформа МЕМС, разработка и производство СБИС для интеллектуальных датчиков" [A Russian MEMS technology platform; development and production of VLSI IC for intelligent sensors] (PDF). mes-conference.ru (in Russian). Zelenograd: ZNTC. 2016. Retrieved 20 October 2017.
- ^ "Двухъядерный микроконтроллер компании "Миландр" для высоконадёжных применений" [Dual-core microcontroller from Company "Milandr" for high-reliability applications] (PDF). milandr.ru (in Russian). Moscow: PKK Milandr. Retrieved 21 October 2017.
- ^ "1903ВЕ91Т НИИЭТ 16-разрядные микроконтроллер" [16-bit microcontroller 1903VE91T from NIIET] (in Russian). Catalog Tomsk. Archived from the original on 10 May 2017. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
- ^ "Новые разработки ИМС" [Newly developed ICs]. niiet.ru (in Russian). Voronesh: NIIET. Archived from the original on 18 March 2009. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
- ^ a b c "Радиационно стойкие процессоры" [Radiation-resistant processors] (in Russian). Nizhny Novgorod: NIIIS. Retrieved 28 April 2020.
- ^ "GLONASS module Geos-3 : Weekend die-shot". zeptobars.com. Zeptobars. 24 March 2013. Retrieved 12 May 2017.
- ^ "IDM+". www.idm-plus.ru. Zelenograd: IDM-PLUS. Archived from the original on 14 April 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
- ^ "СБИС К1917ВА014" [VLSI K1917VA014]. mri-progress.ru (in Russian). Moscow: Progress. Retrieved 29 December 2016.
- ^ "КАТАЛОГ ИНТЕГРАЛЬНЫЕ МИКРОСХЕМЫ" [Catalog of integrated circuits] (PDF) (in Russian). Voronezh: OAO "NIIET". 2022. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
- ^ "К1948ВК018" [K1948VK018] (in Russian). Moscow: Tellur Electronics. Retrieved 2024-05-14.
- ^ "Микросхема процессора цифровой обработки сигналов с ОЗУ 12 Мбит и тактовой частотой 300 МГц 1967ВЦ3Т" [Digital signal processor with 12 MBit RAM and 300 MHz clock 1967VTs3T] (PDF). milandr.ru (in Russian). Moscow: PKK Milandr. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 April 2016. Retrieved 16 January 2017.
- ^ "Микросхема 32-разрядного однокристального микро-ЭВМ с памятью Flash-типа 1986ВЕ9ху" [32-bit single-chip microcomputer with Flash memory 1986VE9xy] (PDF). terraelectronica.ru (in Russian). Moscow: PKK Milandr. Retrieved 21 October 2017.
- ^ "Milandr K1986VE91T – The ARM of Russia". cpushack.com. 19 February 2017. Retrieved 12 April 2017.
- ^ "МИКРОСХЕМА ИНТЕГРАЛЬНАЯ КА5001ВК1А - Руководство пользователя" [Integrated circuit KA5001VK1A - User's manual] (PDF) (in Russian). Voronezh: OAO "NIIET". Retrieved 31 March 2021.
- ^ "КБ5004ВЕ1 Микроконтроллер интеллектуальной карты" [Microcontroller for intelligent cards KB5004VE1] (in Russian). Zelenograd: Angstrem. Archived from the original on 3 February 2020. Retrieved 23 September 2022.
- ^ a b "Каталог продукции" [Product catalog] (PDF) (in Russian). Zelenograd: Angstrem. 2022. Retrieved 22 September 2022.
- ^ "Микроконтроллеры" [Microcontrollers] (in Russian). Zelenograd: AO Design Centre Soyuz. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
- ^ a b "Каталог продукции 2021" [Product catalog 2021] (PDF) (in Russian). Zelenograd: AO Design Centre Soyuz. Retrieved 2021-03-15.
- ^ "KVARC 32bit MPU with Android KitKat and Linux". km211.com. Zelenograd: KM211. Archived from the original on 24 July 2017. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
- ^ a b Yu. Zavalin (2015). "ПОЛУЗАКАЗНЫЕ СнК – ОСНОВА МЕЛКОСЕРИЙНОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА СБИС СПЕЦИАЛЬНОГО НАЗНАЧЕНИЯ" [Semi-custom SoC for the production of small-volume VLSI for special applications] (PDF). Electronics ЭЛЕКТРОНИКА (in Russian). No. 9. Technosphera. ISSN 1992-4178. Retrieved 12 March 2021.
- ^ "ОСВАИВАЕМЫЕ МИКРОСХЕМЫ" [Integrated circuits to be developed]. sktbes.com (in Russian). Voronesh: SKTB ES. Retrieved 29 March 2018.
- ^ "5539ТР026 и 5539ТР016" [5539TR026 and 5539TR016] (in Russian). Progress. Retrieved 23 April 2020.
- ^ "Однокристальные микро-эвм" [Single-chip microcomputers]. krystall.net.ua (in Russian). Kiev: Kristall. Archived from the original on 30 May 2012. Retrieved 5 January 2017.