List of Soviet tank factories

This is a list of the former Soviet tank factories. Today most of them are located in the Russian Federation, while only the Malyshev Factory is located in Ukraine.

This list includes the heavy steel manufacturing plants where main production and assembly of medium and heavy armoured vehicles took place, initiated first in the late 1920s as a prerequisite for the developing Red Army doctrine that called for large tank forces. It does not list the related facilities which fabricated components for them, the many lighter automotive industries which built light tracked vehicles and armoured cars, nor the armoured vehicle repair and overhaul plants.

Keeping track of the tank factories can be difficult. Many were based on pre-Soviet imperial Russian shipbuilding or locomotive factories, and may have changed names more than once. The majority were evacuated and consolidated in the Urals in the fall of 1941, shortly after the disastrous German invasion of June 22. After World War II, some remained in their new location, others were moved back or re-established at other factories. Most were also known by their designation numbers as well as honorific names.

English translations of the factory names can also be confusing. In various sources, the Russian "завод" is translated either as "factory", "plant", "works", or simply transliterated as "zavod".

List

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Initial Location Kharkov (Kharkiv) Kharkov (Kharkiv) Nizhny Tagil Leningrad (St Petersburg) Leningrad (St Petersburg) Leningrad (St Petersburg) Chelyabinsk Stalingrad (later Volgograd) Gorky (Nizhny Novgorod) Sverdlovsk (Yekaterinburg)
Pre-Soviet name Kharkov Locomotive Factory (KhPZ), 1895 Treasury iron foundry, 1801
Putilov Factory, 1868 		Nizhny Novgorod Machine Factory, 1849
Early Soviet name Kharkov Diesel Factory Kharkov Komintern Locomotive Factory, 1928 Dzerzhinsky Ural Railroad Car Factory, Uralvagonzavod, (UVZ or Vagonka), 1936 Factory No. 185 (S.M. Kirov), 1935; originally a part of Bolshevik Factory No. 232[1] Red Putilovite Plant, 1922
renamed Kirov Plant, 1934 		K.E. Voroshilov (Russian), 1932; originally a part of Bolshevik Factory No. 232[1] Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant (ChTZ), 1933 Dzerzhinsky Stalingrad Tractor Factory (STZ), 1930[2] Krasnoye Sormovo (Andrei Zhdanov), 1920[2] Ordzhonikidze Ural Heavy Machine Building Plant (UZTM), 1933
Factory Number Factory No. 75 Factory No. 183, 1936 Factory No. 185[1] Factory No. 100 until 1941 Factory No. 174[1] Factory No. 100, 1941[2][3] Factory No. 112[2]
World War II Moved to Tankograd in Chelyabinsk, 1941[2] KhPZ merged with Uralvagonzavod in Nizhny Tagil to form Ural Tank Factory No. 183 (I.V. Stalin), 1941;[2]
Became the world's largest tank factory. 		Partially moved to Tankograd in Chelyabinsk, 1941 Partially[2] moved to Tankograd in Chelyabinsk, 1941 Moved to Chkalov, 1941;
Moved again to Omsk, as Omsk Lenin Factory No. 174,[2] 1942 		Chelyabinsk Kirov Factory,[2] unofficially known as Tankograd Overran in the Battle of Stalingrad, 1942
Location after World War II Kharkov, Ukrainian SSR Nizhny Tagil St Petersburg (Leningrad) St Petersburg (Leningrad) Omsk, 1962 Chelyabinsk Volgograd (Stalingrad) Nizhny Novgorod (Gorky) Yekaterinburg (Sverdlovsk)
After World War II Restored as Kharkov Diesel Factory No. 75 by partly moving Factory No. 183 back from Nizhny Tagil, 1944-1952
Renamed Malyshev Factory, 1957 		Uralvagonzavod, 1984 Switched to engines construction Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant, 1958 Volgograd Tractor Factory, 1961 Returned to shipbuilding
Post-Soviet independent Ukraine, 1991 Uralvagonzavod OAO Kirov Plant Omsk Transmash ChTZ-Uraltrac, 1998 Bankrupt, 2005[4] OAO Zavod "Krasnoye Sormovo", 1994[5] Uralmash, 1992
Design Bureau Morozov Design Bureau (KMDB) OKB-520 Kartsev-Venediktov Design Bureau, 1944 OKMO[1] SKB-2 (Josef Kotin)[1] KBTM Dukhov
Designed T-24, BT tanks, T-34, T-44, T-54, T-64, T-80 turret, T-80UD, T-84 T-54A, T-55, T-62, T-72, T-90, T-95 prototype, T-14 T-26, T-35 SMK, KV, IS-2, IS-3 hull, T-10 (SKB-1: T-50)
T-80 hull, BTR-T, TOS-1, Black Eagle tank prototype 		IS-3 turret T-34-85 turret
Built T-34 engine T-26, BT tanks, T-28, T-35, T-34 T-34 T-34 KV, T-34, IS T-26, T-50, T-34 KV, IS, SU-152, ISU-122, ISU-152, T-34, SU-85[2] T-34 Russkiy Reno, T-34 T-34, SU-85,[2] SU-122,[2] SU-100
T-54/55, T-64, T-80UD, T-84 T-44, T-54/55, T-62, T-72, T-90, T-14 IS-4, T-10, T-80, PT-76 T-10, T-80 PT-76 T-54

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f Magnuski, Janusz (1997). Ciężki czołg KW. Warszawa: Pelta. pp. 5, 56–57. ISBN 83-85314-12-1.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Walter s. Dunn, Jr (2007-11-10). Stalin's Keys to Victory: The Rebirth of the Red Army. pp. 35–40. ISBN 9780811734233.
  3. ^ Zaloga, Steven (1996-01-15). KV-1 & 2 Heavy Tanks 1939-45. pp. 3, 33–35. ISBN 9781855324961.
  4. ^ Волгоградский тракторный завод (историческая справка) Волгоградский тракторный завод
  5. ^ "Завод".

Bibliography

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  • Zaloga, Steven J. and James Grandsen (1984). Soviet Tanks and Combat Vehicles of World War Two. London: Arms and Armour Press. ISBN 0-85368-606-8.
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