French
DeutschList of enclaves and exclaves
In political geography, an enclave is a piece of land belonging to one country (or region etc.) that is totally surrounded by another country (or region). An exclave is a piece of land that is politically attached to a larger piece but not physically contiguous with it (connected to it) because they are completely separated by a surrounding foreign territory or territories. Many entities are both enclaves and exclaves.
Enclaves that are also exclaves[edit]
Each enclave listed in this section has an administrative level equivalent to that of the one other entity that entirely surrounds it. Each enclave is also a part of a main region; hence, it is an exclave of that region.
National level[edit]
| Name[1][2] | Area (km2) | Exclave of | Enclaved within | Coordinates | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apipé Islands[3] (4) | ~320 |  Argentina (Corrientes Province – Ituzaingó Department) |  Paraguay (Misiones Department – Ayolas District) | 27°31′S 56°51′W / 27.517°S 56.850°W | Four adjacent islands (Isla Apipé Grande, Isla Apipé Chico, Isla Los Patos and Isla San Martín) with territorial water borders in the Río Paraná, 39 km east of Isla Entre Rios. Island areas are about 276, 23.8, 11.8 and 3.7 km2, respectively. |
| Isla Entre Ríos[3] | ~36 | Argentina (Corrientes Province – Berón de Astrada Department) | Paraguay (Ñeembucú Department – Cerrito District) | 27°25′S 57°30′W / 27.417°S 57.500°W | Uninhabited island with territorial water border in the Río Paraná, 39 km west of Isla Apipé. |
| Isla Martín García | 1.84 | Argentina (Buenos Aires Province – La Plata Partido) |  Uruguay | 34°10′47″S 58°15′0″W / 34.17972°S 58.25000°W | Territorial water border on the Uruguay side of Río de la Plata. Designated as a nature reserve under the jurisdiction of Argentina in 1973. |
| Artsvashen | ~40 |  Armenia (Gegharkunik Province) |  Azerbaijan | 40°38′N 45°30′E / 40.633°N 45.500°E | Controlled by Azerbaijan since the First Nagorno-Karabakh War in 1992. |
| Torres Strait Islands (7) | ~2,200 (including water area) |  Australia (Queensland – Shire of Torres and Torres Strait Island Region) |  Papua New Guinea | 9°25′23″S 142°32′10″E / 9.42306°S 142.53611°E | The islands of Anchor Cay, Aubusi Island, Black Rocks, Boigu Island (89.6 km2), Bramble Cay (0.036 km2), Dauan Island (4 km2), Deliverance Island, East Cay, Kaumag Island, Kerr Islet, Moimi Island, Saibai Island (107.9 km2), Turnagain Island (12 km2) and Turu Cay, along with their territorial seas, form seven enclaves within the maritime area of Papua New Guinea under a treaty effective in 1985. The territorial sea of each island does not extend beyond three nautical miles.[4][5] The mainland of Papua New Guinea is only 6 km from Boigu. |
| Jungholz | 7.05 |  Austria (Tyrol state – Reutte District) |  Germany (Bavaria state – Swabia administrative region) | 47°34.3′N 10°27.3′E / 47.5717°N 10.4550°E | Connected at a quadripoint at the summit of the mountain Sorgschrofen (1636 m); accessible only through Germany. Vinokurov (2007) states, "For all purposes, a connection in a single point does not mean anything. It is just like being completely separated. One cannot pass through a single point, nor is it possible to transport goods. It is not even possible to lay a telephone line."[3] |
| Barkhudarli | ~10 | Azerbaijan (Qazakh District) | Armenia (Tavush Province) | 40°59′36″N 45°13′31″E / 40.99333°N 45.22528°E | Controlled by Armenia since the First Nagorno-Karabakh War in May 1992; west-southwest of the town of Qazax. |
| Yukhari Askipara | ~28 | 41°03′58″N 45°01′24″E / 41.06611°N 45.02333°E | A destroyed village controlled by Armenia since the First Nagorno-Karabakh War in May 1992; west of the town of Qazax. | ||
| Karki / Tigranashen | 8 | Azerbaijan (Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, Sadarak District) | Armenia (Ararat Province) | 39°47.3′N 44°57′E / 39.7883°N 44.950°E | Controlled by Armenia since the First Nagorno-Karabakh War in May 1992; north of Azerbaijan's exclave of Nakhchivan. |
| Yaradullu (north and south) | 0.12 and 0.06 | Azerbaijan (Ağstafa District) | Armenia (Tavush Province) | 41°00′51.8″N 45°26′12.2″E / 41.014389°N 45.436722°E | Two farmland enclaves just across the border from the village of Yaradullu[6][7] (55 m at the closest point). They are 750 m and 1500 m southwest of the municipality of Tatlı on the west bank of the Akhum River; approximately 300x400 m and 300x200 m. The surrounding Armenian territory has been occupied by Azerbaijan since the First Nagorno-Karabakh War in May 1992, so that these two small pockets of land are de facto no longer exclaves. |
| Dahagram-Angarpota | 25.95 |  Bangladesh (Rangpur Division – Lalmonirhat district) |  India (West Bengal state – Cooch Behar district) | 26°18′N 88°57′E / 26.300°N 88.950°E | Dahagram–Angarpota is a composite enclave of two adjoining chhits. It is separated from the contiguous area of Bangladesh at its closest point by 178 metres (584 ft). The enclave has an estimated population of 20,000. After the exchange of enclaves with India under the Land Boundary Agreement on 31 July 2015, Bangladesh retained it as an exclave. The Tin Bigha Corridor, a strip of Indian territory 85 metres (279 ft) wide running from the enclave to the Bangladesh mainland at its nearest approach, was leased to Bangladesh for 999 years for access to the enclave.[1][8][9] |
| Baarle-Hertog (22 parcels) | 2.3448 |  Belgium (Antwerp province – Baarle-Hertog municipality) |  Netherlands (North Brabant province – Baarle-Nassau municipality) | 51°26′13″N 4°55′43″E / 51.43694°N 4.92861°E (H1) | A group of 22 Belgian enclaves in the southern Netherlands. Enclaves H1 and H2 are connected at a single point. |
| Međurečje | 3.9584 |  Bosnia and Herzegovina (Republika Srpska – Rudo municipality) |  Serbia (Zlatibor District – Priboj municipality) | 43°33′30″N 19°25′30″E / 43.55833°N 19.42500°E | Homeland of Bosnia-Herzegovina is 1,130 metres (3,710 ft) to the north. Sastavci is the name of the neighbouring village in Serbia. |
| West Kowloon Port (aka. Mainland Port Area) | 0.11 |  China (Guangdong province – Futian district) |  Hong Kong (Yau Tsim Mong district) | 22°18′14″N 114°09′54″E / 22.304°N 114.165°E | China's immigration/customs border crossing that is located within Hong Kong; compartments of operating passenger trains on the rail link in Hong Kong are also considered part of Mainland Port Area.[10] It is not contiguous with the rest of China. Effectively ceded to China in 2018 for a token HK$1,000 per year. |
| Quitasueño | 3,577, including water area[11] |  Colombia (San Andrés y Providencia Department) |  Nicaragua | 14°24′1″N 81°7′47″W / 14.40028°N 81.12972°W[12] (QS32)[11] | On 19 November 2012, the International Court of Justice upheld Colombia's claim to Quitasueño, plus a 12-NM territorial zone, and re-defined Nicaragua's exclusive economic zone (EEZ), thus surrounding the island bank.[13] It deemed one of the bank's 54 features to be an island at high tide (elevation 70 cm, area 1 m2)[14] and created enclaves as an equitable solution.[15] The area of the bank, excluding the 12-mile zone, is ~290 km2.[16] |
| Serrana | ~2,800, including water area | 14°17′13″N 80°21′48″W / 14.28694°N 80.36333°W (Southwest Cay) | On 19 November 2012, ICJ upheld Colombia's claim to Serrana, plus a 12-NM territorial zone, and re-defined Nicaragua's EEZ, surrounding the island bank.[13] The land area is ~0.11 km2, and the area of the bank, excluding the 12-mile zone, is ~322 km2.[16] Colombia decried the loss of maritime areas and creation of "'enclaves' around Quitasueño and Serrana that could restrict" access.[13] | ||
| Brezovica Žumberačka (2) | 0.0183+ |  Croatia (Karlovac County – Ozalj town) |  Slovenia (Metlika municipality) | 45°41′22″N 15°18′12″E / 45.68944°N 15.30333°E | The first enclave contains four dwellings surrounded by agricultural land near the Slovenian village of Brezovica pri Metliki. It is about 437 m long and 60 m wide covering 1.83 ha. Confirmed by both Croatian and Slovenian cadaster maps, it lies about 100 metres away from the main border at the closest point.[6][7][17][18] A second enclave lies within 300 metres of the first. It was created on 29 June 2017 when the Permanent Court of Arbitration decided that a disputed 2.4 ha parcel is part of Slovenia and that the border follows Slovenian cadastral limits, thus completing the encirclement of the second Croatian enclave.[19][20] Croatia has stated that it will ignore the arbitration decision.[21] |
| Ormidhia | 1.694 |  Cyprus (Larnaca District) |  Dhekelia Sovereign Base Area | 34°59′33″N 33°46′49″E / 34.99250°N 33.78028°E | Small exclave surrounded by Dhekelia, a British Overseas Territory in southeastern Cyprus. The degree of sovereignty and legitimacy of the Sovereign Base Areas is disputed by the Republic of Cyprus.[22][23] |
| Xylotymbou | 0.947 | 35°01′03″N 33°44′37″E / 35.01750°N 33.74361°E | Small exclave surrounded by Dhekelia, a British Overseas Territory. | ||
| "Electricity Authority of Cyprus" Refugee Settlement | ~0.28 | 34°59′04″N 33°44′37″E / 34.98444°N 33.74361°E | North of Dhekelia Power Station from which it is separated by a British road; the closest point between the two territories is 21 metres. | ||
| Dhekelia Power Station | ~0.161 | 34°58′49″N 33°44′45″E / 34.98028°N 33.74583°E | Partially borders the coast but enclosed by UK land and waters disputed between Cyprus and the UK; the power station is owned by the Electricity Authority of Cyprus (EAC); no permanent population. | ||
| Münsterbildchen | 1.826 | Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia state – Aachen district – Roetgen municipality) | Belgium (Liège province – Raeren municipality) | 50°39′36″N 6°11′24″E / 50.66000°N 6.19000°E | West of Vennbahn trackbed; northernmost German enclave, mainly home to industrial and warehouse structures. |
| Roetgener Wald | 9.98 | Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia state – Aachen district – Roetgen and Simmerath municipalities) | Belgium (Liège province) | 50°38′12″N 6°14′32″E / 50.63667°N 6.24222°E | Western part of Lammersdorf, southern part of Roetgen, and intervening forest (Forst Rötgen); west and south of Vennbahn trackbed. From 1922 to 1958, the center portion (between Grenzweg and a boundary with three turning points west of the Schleebach stream) was Belgian territory. Until 1949, the east–west road that connected the two outer (German) portions was also German territory; therefore, the German land formed one oddly-shaped enclave (that also included the road to Konzen). In 1949, it was split into two enclaves when Germany ceded the roads to Belgium;[24] in 1958, Belgium returned the east–west road and also ceded the centre section of the current enclave to Germany. |
| Rückschlag | 0.016 | Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia state – Aachen district – Monschau town) | Belgium (Liège province – Eupen municipality) | 50°35′52″N 6°14′53″E / 50.59778°N 6.24806°E | Part of city of Monschau, west of Vennbahn trackbed; smallest German exclave, consisting of a house and a garden. |
| Mützenich | 12.117 | Belgium (Liège province) | 50°33′54″N 6°13′5″E / 50.56500°N 6.21806°E | West of Belgium's Vennbahn trackbed. | |
| Ruitzhof | 0.937 | 50°31′29″N 6°11′39″E / 50.52472°N 6.19417°E | Part of city of Monschau, west of Vennbahn trackbed; southernmost Vennbahn enclave after 1949 (when Belgium annexed the Hemmeres enclave). | ||
| Büsingen am Hochrhein | 7.62 | Germany (Baden-Württemberg state – Konstanz district) |  Switzerland | 47°42′N 8°42′E / 47.700°N 8.700°E | At its closest, less than 700 metres (2,300 ft) from Germany proper (to the east). Part of Swiss customs |
| Campione d'Italia | 1.6 |  Italy (Lombardy region – Province of Como) | Switzerland (Canton Ticino – Lugano District) | 45°58′10″N 8°58′25″E / 45.96944°N 8.97361°E | Uses the Swiss franc, Former part of Swiss customs (until 2020). Separated by less than 1 km, at the shortest distance, from the rest of Italy by Lake Lugano and mountains, but the terrain requires a 14 km road journey to reach the nearest Italian town, Lanzo d'Intelvi. |
| Barak (de facto) | 2.07[25] |  Kyrgyzstan (Kara-Suu District – Osh Region) |  Uzbekistan (Andijan Region) | 40°40′N 72°46′E / 40.667°N 72.767°E | Kyrgyzstan's 1991 pre-independence border is the de jure international border, but much of it is hotly disputed with its neighbors. In August 1999, the area around Barak was occupied by Uzbekistan, cutting it off from Kyrgyz territory. Uzbek forces dug up and blockaded the road to Ak-Tash[26] while also allegedly seizing large areas of Kyrgyz land that had been loaned in the Soviet era but never returned.[27] They entrenched themselves within much of Kyrgyz border territory and refused to leave.[28] Barak became a de facto enclave only 1.5 km from the shifted main border.[29] Four Uzbek enclaves and Barak are major sticking points in delimitation talks,[30] and disputes have centered on the areas of Barak, Sokh, Gava and Gavasay (stream).[31] (Map) In August 2018 Kyrgyz and Uzbek authorities agreed to a land swap that would eliminate the exclave. The exchange process may take up to two years.[32] |
| Likoma Island | 130.0 (incl a territorial water area) |  Malawi (Northern Region – Likoma District) |  Mozambique (Niassa Province – Lago District) | 12°04′S 34°44′E / 12.067°S 34.733°E | Lacustrine enclave, including smaller islets, with territorial water border in Lake Malawi (Lake Nyasa); only ~5 kilometres from the Mozambique shore; combined land area of Likoma Is. and the smaller Chizumulu Is. is 18 km2. |
| Chizumulu Island (incl Lundu Is., Papia Is., Ngkyvo Is.) | 101.4 (incl 2-NM territorial water area) | 12°01′0″S 34°37′14″E / 12.01667°S 34.62056°E | Lacustrine enclave with territorial water border in Lake Malawi (Lake Nyasa); Malawian mainland is 46 km away. | ||
| Baarle-Nassau (8 parcels) | 0.150684 | Netherlands (North Brabant province – Baarle-Nassau municipality) | Belgium (Antwerp province – Baarle-Hertog municipality) | 51°24′43″N 4°52′16″E / 51.41194°N 4.87111°E (N8) | Seven of the eight Dutch enclaves are counter-enclaves inside two Belgian enclaves (H1 and H8); one is in the main body of Belgium (N8). |
| Laguna Los Portillos and beach | ~0.46 | Nicaragua (Río San Juan Department) |  Costa Rica (Limón Province) | 10°55′55.1″N 83°40′12.4″W / 10.931972°N 83.670111°W | On 2 Feb 2018, the ICJ rendered a decision in a border dispute between Nicaragua and Costa Rica regarding Isla Portillos. Nicaragua was left with just the Laguna Los Portillos and its short strip of beach. The court also decided that the sea just outside of the lagoon would be Costa Rican waters. The ICJ concluded that the whole beach is Costa Rican except for the part directly between the lagoon and the Caribbean Sea – now a tiny enclave of Nicaraguan territory separated from the rest of the country.[33] |
| Madha | ~75 |  Oman (Musandam Governorate) |  United Arab Emirates | 25°17′N 56°17′E / 25.283°N 56.283°E | Halfway between the Omani fragment on the Musandam Peninsula and the rest of Oman; surrounds the UAE counter-enclave of Nahwa. |
| San'kovo-Medvezh'e | 4.54 |  Russia (Bryansk Oblast – Zlynkovsky District) |  Belarus (Gomel Region – Dobrush Raion) | 52°28′48″N 31°33′51″E / 52.48000°N 31.56417°E | Contains two small villages that have been depopulated since the 1986 Chernobyl disaster in Ukraine. |
| Llívia | 12.84 |  Spain (Catalonia autonomous community – Province of Girona/Cerdanya comarca) |  France (Occitania region – Pyrénées-Orientales department) | 42°28′N 1°59′E / 42.467°N 1.983°E | To the east of Andorra, separated from the rest of Spain by a corridor about 2 km wide containing the French communes of Ur and Bourg-Madame. |
| Vorukh | ~96.7 |  Tajikistan (Sughd Province – Isfara District) | Kyrgyzstan (Batken Province – Batken District) | 39°51′04″N 70°38′00″E / 39.85111°N 70.63333°E | South of the mountain Ak-Tash; population is 95% Tajik and the rest Kyrgyz. |
| "Lolazor" | ~0.88 | Kyrgyzstan (Batken Province – Leilek District) | 40°04′05″N 69°32′41″E / 40.06806°N 69.54472°E | Near the railway station of Stantsiya Kayragach, next to the Kyrgyz–Tajik border; also referred to as "Western Qal'acha" due to proximity to the Tajik town of Qal'acha; apparently there is no named settlement. | |
| Sarvan (also Sarvaksoi, Sarvaki-bolo) | 8.4 | Tajikistan (Sughd Region – Asht District) | Uzbekistan (Namangan Region – Pop district) | 40°58′00″N 70°36′56″E / 40.96667°N 70.61556°E | Long, narrow territory located in the Fergana and Isfara valleys region where Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan meet. |
| Nahwa | ~5.2 | United Arab Emirates (Sharjah emirate) | Oman (Musandam Governorate) | 25°16′N 56°16′E / 25.267°N 56.267°E | A counter-enclave surrounded by Madha, reported to consist of around forty houses.[34] |
| Filomena Islands (5 islands) | ~23 | Uruguay (Río Negro Department) | Argentina (Entre Ríos Province – Gualeguaychú and Uruguay departments) | 32°59′S 58°6′W / 32.983°S 58.100°W | Five adjacent islands (Isla Filomena Grande, Isla Filomena Chica, Isla Palma Chica, Isla Bassi, Isla Tres Cruces) with territorial water borders in the Uruguay River. Uninhabited islands that form part of the Esteros de Farrapos National Park. |
| Sokh | ~234 | Uzbekistan (Fergana Region – Sokh district) | Kyrgyzstan (Batken Region) | 40°02′39″N 71°05′39″E / 40.04417°N 71.09417°E | Large enclave with 99% Tajik population, the rest Kyrgyz and almost no ethnic Uzbeks. |
| Chon-Qora or Qalacha (the 2 Uzbek villages in the enclave) | ~3 | 40°14′37″N 71°02′14″E / 40.24361°N 71.03722°E | Tiny enclave lying on the Sokh River, immediately north of Sokh; measures about 3 km long by 1 km wide, with the Uzbek villages of Chon-Qora (or Chongara 40°15′03″N 71°02′15″E / 40.25083°N 71.03750°E) and Qalacha (40°14′10″N 71°02′12″E / 40.23611°N 71.03667°E) at either end; the Kyrgyz village of Chong-Kara (or Chon-Kara 40°15′37″N 71°00′41″E / 40.26028°N 71.01139°E) lies 2 km northwest.[6][7][35] [Note: The Kyrgyz Cyrillic alphabet contains three characters not present in the Uzbek alphabet. One of these characters is romanised from Kyrgyz as the digraph ng, which is not present in romanised Uzbek words.][36] | ||
| Jani-Ayil (also Jangy-ayyl or Khalmion) | ~0.8 | Uzbekistan (Fergana Region – Fergana district) | Kyrgyzstan (Batken Region – Kadamjay District) | 40°12′09″N 71°39′58″E / 40.20250°N 71.66611°E | Tiny enclave north-northwest of the Shakhimardan enclave; within 1 km of the Uzbek main border; the Kyrgyz towns of Jangy-Ayyl (40°10′56″N 71°40′49″E / 40.18222°N 71.68028°E) and Khalmion (40°12′44″N 71°37′58″E / 40.21222°N 71.63278°E) lie outside opposite edges of this enclave.[6][7][35] |
| Shakhimardan | ~38.2 | 39°58′59″N 71°48′18″E / 39.98306°N 71.80500°E | Located in a narrow valley in the Alay Mountains where the rivers Ok-su and Kok-su meet to form the Shakhimardan-sai.[6][7][35] | ||
| High Seas | ~180,000 |  International waters |  Japan | 26°19′N 135°52′E / 26.317°N 135.867°E | Surrounded by Japan's EEZ; it lies between the territorial zones of Honshu, Shikoku, the Bonin Islands, Okino-tori-shima and Okinawa Island |
| High Seas | ~1,300 | International waters |  New Zealand | 44°19′S 178°12′E / 44.317°S 178.200°E | Surrounded by New Zealand's EEZ; it lies between the territorial zones of the Chatham Islands, North Island and the Bounty Islands |
| High Seas | ~14,000 | International waters | New Zealand | 49°32′S 173°6′E / 49.533°S 173.100°E | Surrounded by New Zealand's EEZ; it lies between the territorial zones of Campbell Island, South Island and the Antipodes Islands |
| High Seas | ~3,700 | International waters |  French Polynesia | 24°12′S 143°18′W / 24.2°S 143.3°W | Surrounded by France's EEZ; it lies between the territorial zones of the Bass Islands, Raivavae, Nukutepipi, and Tematagi |
First-order subnational level[edit]
Other subnational[edit]
- In Australia:
- The larger of the two parts of the Aboriginal Shire of Doomadgee in Queensland is surrounded by the Shire of Burke. Except for the ocean, the smaller part is nearly surrounded also by the Shire of Burke.
- In China:
- Chaoyang District has one exclave that comprises Terminals 1 and 2 of Beijing Capital International Airport and the immediately surrounding service area. It is an enclave of Shunyi that used to be Shunyi Subdistrict of Chaoyang District. The main reason for the existence of this exclave is because the financing for the building of these Terminals was largely carried by Chaoyang District and this political organisation ensures that they continue to pay taxes to Chaoyang District. Note: Terminal 3 is not a part of this exclave as it was built for the 2008 Olympics and was built after the formation of Shunyi District. See a map of the exclave, not including Terminal 3, on Google Maps.[58]
- In Croatia:
- In Osijek-Baranja County, the municipality of Bilje has one exclave (Zlatna Greda) inside the municipality of Kneževi Vinogradi.
- In Estonia:
- In Ida-Viru County, the town of Kohtla-Järve consists of five separated areas within a distance of 22 km. Of these exclaves, Kukruse and Oru districts are also enclaves, since they are surrounded by Toila Parish.
- Kudruküla and Olgina districts of Narva town are surrounded by the town of Narva-Jõesuu.
- In France (départements):
- Meurthe-et-Moselle has one exclave inside Meuse.
- Nord has one exclave in Pas-de-Calais.
- Oise has three exclaves in Aisne: one comprises the village of Chavres, while the other two are uninhabited parcels of land in the Forest of Retz.
- In Germany: Brunn is an exclave of Nuremberg, Middle Franconia, Bavaria.
- In Indonesia, the district of Mulyorejo in Surabaya has an exclave inside the neighbouring Sukolilo district.
- In India, the district of Kangpokpi in Manipur state has an exclave that is an enclave within Imphal East district.
- In Italy:
- In Aosta Valley: the municipality of La Magdeleine has an exclave within the municipality of Antey-Saint-André.
- In Apulia: the Metropolitan City of Bari (the municipality of Locorotondo) has three exclaves inside the Province of Taranto;
- In the Metropolitan City of Bari: Castellana Grotte has an exclave within Alberobello and one within Conversano; Polignano a Mare has two exclaves inside Conversano; Santeramo in Colle has an exclave within Cassano delle Murge; Terlizzi has an exclave inside Ruvo di Puglia.
- In the Province of Taranto: Massafra has five exclaves inside Crispiano; Taranto has an exclave inside Grottaglie.
- In the Province of Foggia: San Marco in Lamis has an exclave inside San Giovanni Rotondo; Manfredonia has one exclave inside San Giovanni Rotondo, and San Giovanni Rotondo has one inside Manfredonia; San Severo has two exclaves inside Foggia; Pietramontecorvino has four exclaves inside Lucera; Stornara has two exclaves inside Orta Nova.
- In Basilicata: the Province of Matera has an exclave inside the Province of Potenza.
- In Campania: Pannarano is an exclave of the Province of Benevento inside the Province of Avellino.
- In the Province of Caserta: Caserta has three exclaves inside Capua.
- In the Metropolitan City of Naples: Ottaviano has two small exclaves within Nola.
- In Friuli-Venezia Giulia: Grimacco has an enclave within Drenchia, and Drenchia has one in Grimacco.
- In Lombardy
- In the Province of Pavia: Pieve del Cairo has enclave inside Mezzana Bigli.
- In Marche: the Province of Pesaro and Urbino (the municipality of Monte Porzio) has two small exclaves within the Province of Ancona.
- In Molise:
- In the Province of Campobasso: Montenero di Bisaccia has an exclave inside Tavenna.
- In Piedmont, the Province of Cuneo has an enclave (Carutti in the municipality of Barge) inside the Metropolitan City of Turin.
- In the Province of Asti, Soglio has two and Cinaglio one exclave inside Camerano Casasco.
- In the Metropolitan City of Turin, Carignano has three exclaves inside Carmagnola.
- In Sicily, the Metropolitan City of Palermo has an enclave within Agrigento (San Biagio); the province of Caltanissetta has an enclave within Palermo (Resuttano); and the province of Enna has an enclave within Caltanissetta.
- In the Metropolitan City of Palermo: Roccapalumba has an exclave within Caccamo.
- In the Province of Trapani: Gibellina has a small exclave within Santa Ninfa.
- In the Province of Enna: Piazza Armerina has one exclave within Enna and another one within Aidone.
- In the Province of Caltanissetta: Serradifalco has an exclave inside Caltanissetta.
- In Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol:
- In the Autonomous Province of Trentino: Pellizzano has an exclave within Peio; Calliano has an exclave inside Besenello.
- In Japan:
- The Aichi Prefecture town and city on Kōta, has an exclave surrounded by Nishio.
- The ward of Nagoya has an enclave, also known Honjigaoka, that is surrounded by Owariasahi.
- The city of Fujiyoshida and town of Fujikawaguchiko in Yamanashi Prefecture have enclaves within each other:
- Fujiyoshida in has two exclaves within Fujikawaguchiko.
- Fujikawaguchiko has three exclaves within Fujiyoshida, one being a Shinto Shrine on Mount Fuji.[59]
- The city of Funabashi, Chiba Prefecture, has an enclave surrounded by Kamagaya
- The town of Kasagi, Kyoto has an exclave surrounded by the city of Kizugawa
- The city of Ide, Kyoto has an exclave surrounded by Kizugawa.
- The town of Kumiyama, Kyoto has an exclave surrounded by Uji
- In Norway, the municipality of Sandefjord has one exclave, Himberg, inside the neighbouring municipality of Larvik.[60][61][62]
- In the Philippines:
- Manila South Cemetery is an exclave of the district of San Andres, located in the capital city of Manila. It is divided and surrounded by Makati.
- In Poland:
- Two fragments of the village of Jaworze in the municipality of Jaworze, which belong to Bielsko County, Silesian Voivodeship, are surrounded by the municipality of Brena in Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship. One exclave has an area of c. 2 ha and lies around 10 m from the rest of the county, while the other exclave has an area of c. 5 ha and lies around 50 m from the rest of the county. Both exclaves lie around 80 m from each other.
- A plot of land, No. 2056, which belongs to the city-county of Gdynia is an exclave surrounded by the municipality of Kosakowo in Puck County, Pomeranian Voivodeship.
- A small portion of the municipality of Goczałkowice-Zdrój, which belongs to Pszczyna County, Silesian Voivodeship, is an exclave surrounded by the municipality of Chybie in Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship. It is separated from the rest of the county by a narrow strip of land, with a width of around 35 m, which contains the railway tracks owned by Cieszyn County.
- Two small fragments of the village of Koźminiec in the municipality of Dobrzyca in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, are exclaves surrounded by the municipality of Rozdrażew in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship.
- The village of Lisek, which belongs to the municipality of Fabianki, in Włocławek County, Kuyavian–Pomeranian Voivodeship, is separated from the rest of the county by the municipalities of Lipno and Bobrowniki in Lipno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship. The enclave has an area of c. 5 km² and is located about 1.5 km from the rest of municipality.
- A small portion of the village of Chyża located within Zamość County, Lublin Voivodeship, is an enclave, which is an exclave separated from the rest of the village by a strip of land that belongs to the city-county of Zamość. The exclave has an area of c. 10.5 ha, while the strip of land separating it has a width of 90 m.
- A small portion of the municipality of Zduńska Wola, which belongs to Zduńska Wola County, Łódź Voivodeship, is an exclave surrounded by the municipality of Sieradz in Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship. The exclave has an area of c. 1.2 km² and is located about 100 m from the main portion of the county.
- In Portugal, as a consequence of administrative reforms during the 19th century (in the 1830s, then again in the 1850s, and to a much lesser extent in the 1890s), as well as more recent legislation forbidding the creation of territorial discontinuities,[63][64] there are almost no sub-national exclaves or enclaves, and the few that persist are on the municipal or civil parish level:
- In the Coimbra municipality, the civil parish of Taveiro has an exclave that is enclaved within the civil parish of Ribeira de Frades.
- In the Vila Real de Santo António municipality, the entire civil parish of Vila Nova de Cacela is an exclave that is enclaved within the Castro Marim municipality.
- In Russia, within the city of Moscow, the Western Administrative Okrug has three exclaves that are not exclaves of Moscow itself. Two of them make up Vnukovo District, and one of these is enclaved by the Novomoskovsky Administrative Okrug. Vnukovo was an exclave of Moscow until the 2012 creation of "New Moscow".
- In Spain the following provincial level exclaves that are also enclaves exist:[54]
- In Andalusia, Villar is an exclave of the province of Córdoba within the province of Seville.
- In Castile and León:
- Dehesa de San Llorente is an exclave of the province of Valladolid within the province of León.
- Villodrigo and Aguanares are exclaves of the province of Palencia within the province of Burgos.
- La Rebolleda is an exclave of the province of Burgos within the province of Palencia.
- In Catalonia:
- Can Vies is an exclave of the province of Tarragona within the province of Barcelona.
- Malagarriga is an exclave of the province of Lleida within the province of Barcelona.
- Rovira de Baix is an exclave of the province of Girona within the province of Barcelona.
- Valielles and Sant Pere de Graudescales are exclaves of the province of Barcelona within the province of Lleida.
- In Sweden many municipalities have exclaves (most notably the municipalities of Dalarna County).
- In the United States of America:
- In Alaska, the community of Klukwan is surrounded by Haines Borough, even though the community is part of the Hoonah-Angoon Census Area, which is in turn part of the Unorganized Borough.
- In California
- San Jose has eight exclaves surrounded by unincorporated Santa Clara County, one of which is connected at a quadripoint.
- Vacaville has a two exclaves, both surrounded by unincorporated Solano County. One is separated from the main city limits by the unincorporated village of Elmira.
- Adelanto has three exclaves, surrounded by incorporated Victorville.
- San Bernardino has two exclaves, surrounded by unincorporated San Bernardino County.
- Loma Linda has three exclaves, surrounded by the city of San Bernardino
- Redlands has four exclaves. One surrounded by the city of San Bernardino, and three surrounded by unincorporated San Bernardino county[65]
- In Colorado, Arapahoe County has seven exclaves within the City and County of Denver, including the city of Glendale and the unincorporated neighborhood of Holly Hills. In turn, Denver has a counter-exclave surrounded by Glendale. Jefferson County also has five exclaves, three of which are surrounded by Denver. Additionally, Boulder and Weld counties both have an exclave within the City and County of Broomfield, and Broomfield has an exclave in Boulder County.
- In Georgia, Bibb County has an exclave within Monroe County. This boundary is disputed, however.[66][67]
- In Kentucky, following the merger of the Louisville and Jefferson County governments in 2003, the new Louisville Metro has several disjoint parcels of land throughout the county, of which some are enclaves in other cities.
- In Minnesota, Mendota Heights has an exclave that is surrounded by Lilydale.
- In New Jersey, Middletown Township in Monmouth County has an exclave surrounded by the borough of Keansburg.[68]
- In Ohio:
- In Montgomery County, there are several cities with enclaves and exclaves. Dayton has one exclave, consisting of Dayton International Airport. Dayton also surrounds several enclaves that belong to the cities of Trotwood and Riverside. Riverside also has several exclaves that border more than one city as well as additional parcels that are connected to the city only by a roadway. Clayton contains several enclaves surrounded by Englewood and one that is completely surrounded by Union. Other than Dayton's exclave, these enclaves and exclaves were formed by municipality-township mergers in the 1990s.
- In Summit County:
- The city of Cuyahoga Falls has four small enclave/exclaves along its border with the city of Akron. Several houses along Smith Road are legally in the Falls, while neighbors and municipal lands on all sides of the properties are legally within Akron.
- Bath Township has four exclaves, of which one is an enclave of Akron.
- Springfield Township has six exclaves, of which two are enclaves in Akron.
- Coventry Township has six exclaves, of which five are enclaves in Akron. Two of these are joined at a quadripoint.
- Twinsburg Township has seven exclaves, of which four are enclaves in the city of Twinsburg. The city in turn has one piece connected by only a quadripoint, otherwise surrounded by the township.
- In Oregon, the location of several businesses, including the world headquarters of Nike, Inc., is surrounded by the city of Beaverton, but is within unincorporated Washington County.
- In Pennsylvania, Cumru Township in Berks County has two exclaves, both separated by the city of Reading, and one of them is an enclave in Reading.
- In Tennessee:
- Loudon County, Tennessee has two exclaves, one of which is surrounded by Monroe County. There is a third parcel connected at a quadripoint, but otherwise surrounded by Roane County.
- Dickson County has an exclave surrounded by Cheatham County.
- Davidson County has an exclave surrounded by Wilson County.
- In Virginia, Fairfax County has an exclave within the City of Fairfax that houses the county courthouse and some other county governmental offices. Prince William County has an exclave within the City of Manassas that houses the county courthouse and some other county governmental offices. Montgomery County has a small exclave consisting of two houses inside the independent city of Radford.[69] Note that in Virginia, communities that are incorporated as cities are completely separate from counties; see Political subdivisions of Virginia.
Enclaves that are not exclaves[edit]
Each enclave listed in this section has a legal status equivalent to the one other entity that entirely surrounds it. None of the enclaves has a separate main region of which it is a part.
National level[edit]
Some enclaves are sovereign states, completely surrounded by another one, and therefore not exclaves. Three such sovereign countries exist:
The same logic applies to many of the sub-national enclaves listed immediately following.
| Country | Area (km2) | Enclaved within | Coordinates | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Lesotho | 30,355 |  South Africa | 29°36′S 28°18′E / 29.6°S 28.3°E | |
 San Marino | 61.2 | Italy | 43°56′30″N 12°27′30″E / 43.94167°N 12.45833°E | |
 Vatican City | 0.44 | Italy (Metropolitan City of Rome Capital – Rome) | 41°54.2′N 12°27.2′E / 41.9033°N 12.4533°E |
