List of first overall NFL draft picks

Caleb Williams was selected first overall in 2024

The National Football League draft is an annual sports draft in which NFL teams select newly eligible players for their rosters. To be eligible, a player must be out of high school for at least three years. Each NFL franchise seeks to add new players through the annual draft. The draft rules were last updated in 2009. The team with the worst record the previous year picks first, the next-worst team second, and so on. Teams also have the option to trade with another team to move up to a better draft position. Teams that did not make the playoffs are ordered by their regular-season record, with any remaining ties broken by strength of schedule. Playoff participants are sequenced after non-playoff teams, based on their round of elimination (wild card, division, conference, and Super Bowl).[1]

From 1947 through 1958 the first selection was awarded by a random draw. The team which received this "bonus" pick forfeited its selection in the final round of the draft. The winner of the "bonus pick" was eliminated from the draw in future years. By 1958 all twelve clubs in the league at the time had received a bonus choice and the system was abolished.[2][3]

Before the merger agreements in 1966, the American Football League (AFL) directly competed with the NFL and held a separate draft. This led to a massive bidding war over top prospects between the two leagues, along with the subsequent drafting of the same player in each draft. As part of the merger agreement on June 8, 1966, the two leagues held a multiple round "common draft". Once the AFL officially merged with the NFL in 1970, the "common draft" simply became the NFL draft.[4][5][6] The draft is one of the most notable events in American sports, with live broadcasts of it produced by ESPN, Fox and ABC.[7]

Through the 2024 NFL draft, 89 players have been selected first overall, with the most recent being Caleb Williams. The Indianapolis Colts and Los Angeles Rams have each made the most first overall selections in history with seven. Of the first overall draft picks, 43 have been selected to a Pro Bowl and 14 have been inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame.

List of first overall picks

[edit]
1942 first overall pick Bill Dudley was the first named NFL MVP and inducted to the Pro Football Hall of Fame
1945 first overall pick Charley Trippi retired as the leader in NFL offensive yards
1949 first overall pick Chuck Bednarik was one of the last NFL players to play offense and defense
1957 first overall pick Paul Hornung was the first Heisman Trophy winner inducted to the Pro Football Hall of Fame
A black man smiling at a camera while wearing a white shirt.
1969 first overall pick O. J. Simpson was the first running back to rush for 2,000 yards in a season and the only to do so in a 14-game season
1970 first overall pick Terry Bradshaw was the first quarterback to win four Super Bowls
1978 first overall pick Earl Campbell led the NFL in rushing yards three times and in rushing touchdowns twice
A man wearing a black shirt with blue jeans while clutching a football.
1983 first overall pick John Elway was the first quarterback to start in five Super Bowls
1985 first overall pick Bruce Smith is the NFL leader in quarterback sacks
1989 first overall pick Troy Aikman helped establish the Dallas Cowboys as a dynasty during the 1990s
1997 first overall pick Orlando Pace protected three consecutive NFL MVPs as their offensive tackle
1998 first overall pick Peyton Manning holds the record for NFL MVP awards

Key

[edit]
K Kicker NT Nose tackle C Center
LB Linebacker FB Fullback DB Defensive back
P Punter HB Halfback DE Defensive end
QB Quarterback WR/E Wide receiver/End DT Defensive tackle
G Guard T Offensive tackle TE Tight end
* Selected to a Pro Bowl/All-Star Game
Inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame
(all were also selected to a Pro Bowl)
§ Denotes an expansion team
First overall draft picks
Year Name Position College Team Notes
1936 Jay Berwanger[A] HB Chicago Philadelphia Eagles Heisman Trophy (1935)
1937 Sam Francis FB Nebraska Philadelphia Eagles
1938 Corbett Davis FB Indiana Cleveland Rams
1939 Ki Aldrich* C TCU Chicago Cardinals NFL All-Star Game (1939, 1942)[8]
1940 George Cafego HB Tennessee Chicago Cardinals
1941 Tom Harmon HB Michigan Chicago Bears Heisman Trophy (1940)
1942 Bill Dudley HB Virginia Pittsburgh Steelers NFL All-Star Game (1950, 1951)[9]
Pro Football Hall of Fame (1966)[9]
NFL MVP (1946)[9]
1943 Frank Sinkwich HB Georgia Detroit Lions Heisman Trophy (1942)
NFL MVP (1944)
1944 Angelo Bertelli QB Notre Dame Boston Yanks Heisman Trophy (1943)
1945 Charley Trippi HB Georgia Chicago Cardinals Pro Bowl (1952, 1953)[10]
Pro Football Hall of Fame (1968)[10]
NFL Champion (1947)[11]
1946 Frank Dancewicz QB Notre Dame Boston Yanks
1947 Bob Fenimore HB Oklahoma A&M Chicago Bears
1948 Harry Gilmer* HB, WR Alabama Washington Redskins Pro Bowl (1950, 1952)[12]
1949 Chuck Bednarik C, LB Penn Philadelphia Eagles Pro Bowl (1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1960)[13]
Pro Football Hall of Fame (1967)[13]
NFL Champion (1949, 1960)[14][15]
1950 Leon Hart* E Notre Dame Detroit Lions Heisman Trophy (1949)
Pro Bowl (1951)[16]
1951 Kyle Rote* HB SMU New York Giants Pro Bowl (1953, 1954, 1955, 1956)[17]
1952 Bill Wade* QB Vanderbilt Los Angeles Rams Pro Bowl (1958, 1963)[18]
1953 Harry Babcock E Georgia San Francisco 49ers
1954 Bobby Garrett QB Stanford Cleveland Browns
1955 George Shaw QB Oregon Baltimore Colts NFL Champion (1958)[19]
1956 Gary Glick DB Colorado A&M Pittsburgh Steelers
1957 Paul Hornung HB Notre Dame Green Bay Packers Heisman Trophy (1956)
Pro Bowl (1959, 1960)[20]
Pro Football Hall of Fame (1986)[20]
NFL Champion (1961, 1962, 1965)[21][22][23]
Super Bowl champion (I)[24]
NFL MVP (1961)[20]
1958 King Hill QB Rice Chicago Cardinals
1959 Randy Duncan QB Iowa Green Bay Packers
1960 Billy Cannon[B] HB LSU Los Angeles Rams Heisman Trophy (1959)
AFL Champion (1960, 1961, 1967)
AFL All Star (1961, 1969)
1961 Tommy Mason* HB Tulane Minnesota Vikings§ Pro Bowl (1962, 1963, 1964)[25]
1962 Ernie Davis[C] HB Syracuse Washington Redskins Heisman Trophy (1961)
1963 Terry Baker QB Oregon State Los Angeles Rams Heisman Trophy (1962)
1964 Dave Parks* WR Texas Tech San Francisco 49ers Pro Bowl (1964, 1965, 1966)[26]
1965 Tucker Frederickson* HB Auburn New York Giants Pro Bowl (1965)[27]
1966 Tommy Nobis* LB Texas Atlanta Falcons§ Pro Bowl (1966, 1967, 1968, 1970, 1972)[28]
1967[D] Bubba Smith* DE Michigan State Baltimore Colts[E] Pro Bowl (1970, 1971)[30]
Super Bowl champion (V)[31]
1968[D] Ron Yary T USC Minnesota Vikings[F] Pro Bowl (1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977)[32]
Pro Football Hall of Fame (2001)[32]
1969[D] O. J. Simpson HB USC Buffalo Bills Heisman Trophy (1968)
Pro Bowl (1969, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976)[33]
Pro Football Hall of Fame (1985)[33]
NFL MVP (1973)[33]
1970 Terry Bradshaw QB Louisiana Tech Pittsburgh Steelers Pro Bowl (1975, 1978, 1979)[34]
Pro Football Hall of Fame (1989)[34]
Super Bowl champion (IX, X, XIII, XIV)[35][36][37][38]
Super Bowl MVP (XIII, XIV)[34]
NFL MVP (1978)[34]
1971 Jim Plunkett QB Stanford New England Patriots Heisman Trophy (1970)
Super Bowl champion (XV, XVIII)[39][40]
Super Bowl MVP (XV)[41]
1972 Walt Patulski DE Notre Dame Buffalo Bills
1973 John Matuszak DE Tampa Houston Oilers Super Bowl champion (XI, XV)[39][42]
1974 Ed Jones* DE Tennessee State Dallas Cowboys[G] Pro Bowl (1981, 1982, 1983)[43]
Super Bowl champion (XII)[44]
1975 Steve Bartkowski* QB California Atlanta Falcons[H] Pro Bowl (1980, 1981)[45]
1976 Lee Roy Selmon DE Oklahoma Tampa Bay Buccaneers§ Pro Bowl (1979, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984)[46]
Pro Football Hall of Fame (1995)[46]
1977 Ricky Bell HB USC Tampa Bay Buccaneers
1978 Earl Campbell HB Texas Houston Oilers[I] Heisman Trophy (1977)
Pro Bowl (1978, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1983)[47]
Pro Football Hall of Fame (1991)[47]
NFL MVP (1979)[47]
Offensive Rookie of the Year (1978)
1979 Tom Cousineau[J] LB Ohio State Buffalo Bills
1980 Billy Sims* HB Oklahoma Detroit Lions Heisman Trophy (1978)
Pro Bowl (1980, 1981, 1982)[48]
Offensive Rookie of the Year (1980)
1981 George Rogers* HB South Carolina New Orleans Saints Heisman Trophy (1980)
Pro Bowl (1981, 1982)[49]
Super Bowl champion (XXII)[50]
Offensive Rookie of the Year (1981)
1982 Kenneth Sims DE Texas New England Patriots
1983 John Elway[K] QB Stanford Baltimore Colts Pro Bowl (1986, 1987, 1989, 1991, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1998)[51]
Pro Football Hall of Fame (2004)[51]
Super Bowl champion (XXXII, XXXIII)[52][53]
Super Bowl MVP (XXXIII)[51]
NFL MVP (1987)[51]
1984[L][M] Irving Fryar* WR Nebraska New England Patriots Pro Bowl (1985, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997)[54]
1985 Bruce Smith DE Virginia Tech Buffalo Bills Pro Bowl (1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998)[55]
Pro Football Hall of Fame (2009)[55]
1986 Bo Jackson*[N] HB Auburn Tampa Bay Buccaneers[O] Heisman Trophy (1985)
Pro Bowl (1990)[56]
1987 Vinny Testaverde* QB Miami (FL) Tampa Bay Buccaneers Heisman Trophy (1986)
Pro Bowl (1996, 1998)[57]
1988 Aundray Bruce LB Auburn Atlanta Falcons
1989 Troy Aikman QB UCLA Dallas Cowboys Pro Bowl (1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996)[58]
Pro Football Hall of Fame (2006)[58]
Super Bowl champion (XXVII, XXVIII, XXX)[59][60][61]
Super Bowl MVP (XXVII)[58]
1990 Jeff George QB Illinois Indianapolis Colts[P][Q]
1991 Russell Maryland* DT Miami (FL) Dallas Cowboys[R] Pro Bowl (1993)[62]
Super Bowl champion (XXVII, XXVIII, XXX)[59][60][61]
1992 Steve Emtman DE Washington Indianapolis Colts
1993 Drew Bledsoe* QB Washington State New England Patriots Pro Bowl (1994, 1996, 1997, 2002)[63]
Super Bowl champion (XXXVI)[64]
1994 Dan Wilkinson DT Ohio State Cincinnati Bengals
1995 Ki-Jana Carter HB Penn State Cincinnati Bengals[S]
1996 Keyshawn Johnson* WR USC New York Jets Pro Bowl (1998, 1999, 2001)[65]
Super Bowl champion (XXXVII)[66]
1997 Orlando Pace T Ohio State St. Louis Rams[T] Pro Bowl (1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005)[67]
Pro Football Hall of Fame (2016)[67]
Super Bowl champion (XXXIV)[68]
1998 Peyton Manning QB Tennessee Indianapolis Colts Pro Bowl (1999, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2014)[69]
Pro Football Hall of Fame (2021)
Super Bowl champion (XLI, 50)[70]
Super Bowl MVP (XLI)[69]
NFL MVP (2003, 2004, 2008, 2009, 2013)[69]
1999 Tim Couch QB Kentucky Cleveland Browns§
2000 Courtney Brown DE Penn State Cleveland Browns
2001 Michael Vick* QB Virginia Tech Atlanta Falcons[U] Pro Bowl (2002, 2004, 2005, 2010)[71]
2002 David Carr QB Fresno State Houston Texans§ Super Bowl champion (XLVI)
2003 Carson Palmer* QB USC Cincinnati Bengals Heisman Trophy (2002)
Pro Bowl (2005, 2006, 2015)[72]
2004 Eli Manning*[V] QB Ole Miss San Diego Chargers Pro Bowl (2008, 2011, 2012, 2015)[73]
Super Bowl champion (XLII, XLVI)[74][75]
Super Bowl MVP (XLII, XLVI)[73]
2005 Alex Smith* QB Utah San Francisco 49ers Pro Bowl (2013, 2016, 2017)
2006 Mario Williams* DE North Carolina State Houston Texans Pro Bowl (2008, 2009, 2013, 2014)[76]
2007 JaMarcus Russell QB LSU Oakland Raiders
2008 Jake Long* T Michigan Miami Dolphins Pro Bowl (2008, 2009, 2010, 2011)[77]
2009 Matthew Stafford* QB Georgia Detroit Lions Pro Bowl (2014, 2023)
Super Bowl champion (LVI)
2010 Sam Bradford QB Oklahoma St. Louis Rams Heisman Trophy (2008)
Offensive Rookie of the Year (2010)
2011 Cam Newton* QB Auburn Carolina Panthers Heisman Trophy (2010)
Pro Bowl (2011, 2013, 2015)[78]
Offensive Rookie of the Year (2011)
NFL MVP (2015)
2012 Andrew Luck* QB Stanford Indianapolis Colts Pro Bowl (2012, 2013, 2014, 2018)[79]
2013 Eric Fisher* T Central Michigan Kansas City Chiefs Pro Bowl (2018, 2020)
Super Bowl champion (LIV)
2014 Jadeveon Clowney* DE South Carolina Houston Texans Pro Bowl (2016, 2017, 2018)
2015 Jameis Winston* QB Florida State Tampa Bay Buccaneers Heisman Trophy (2013)
Pro Bowl (2015)
2016 Jared Goff* QB California Los Angeles Rams[W] Pro Bowl (2017, 2018, 2022)
2017 Myles Garrett* DE Texas A&M Cleveland Browns Pro Bowl (2018, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023)
2018 Baker Mayfield* QB Oklahoma Cleveland Browns Heisman Trophy (2017)
Pro Bowl (2023)
2019 Kyler Murray* QB Oklahoma Arizona Cardinals Heisman Trophy (2018)
Offensive Rookie of the Year (2019)
Pro Bowl (2020, 2021)
2020 Joe Burrow* QB LSU Cincinnati Bengals Heisman Trophy (2019)
Pro Bowl (2022)
2021 Trevor Lawrence* QB Clemson Jacksonville Jaguars Pro Bowl (2022)
2022 Travon Walker DE Georgia Jacksonville Jaguars
2023 Bryce Young QB Alabama Carolina Panthers[X] Heisman Trophy (2021)
2024 Caleb Williams QB USC Chicago Bears[Y] Heisman Trophy (2022)

Statistics

[edit]
  • The Baltimore Ravens, Denver Broncos and Seattle Seahawks are the only teams that have never had the first overall pick.
  • Nine teams have made the playoffs in the same season in which they made the first overall selection in the draft. They were the 1968 Minnesota Vikings, 1978 Houston Oilers, 1982 New England Patriots, 1991 Dallas Cowboys, 2004 San Diego Chargers, 2008 Miami Dolphins, 2012 Indianapolis Colts, 2013 Kansas City Chiefs, and the 2022 Jacksonville Jaguars.
  • No team has ever gone from the first overall pick to a Super Bowl win in the same season. The Minnesota Vikings lost Super Bowl IV the year after they had the first overall pick, the Dallas Cowboys lost Super Bowl X the year after they had the first overall pick, the New England Patriots lost Super Bowl XX the year after they had the first overall pick, and the Cincinnati Bengals lost Super Bowl LVI the year after they had the first overall pick.

First overall draft picks by team

[edit]

The Indianapolis Colts and Los Angeles Rams have each held the first overall pick a total of seven times, the most of any NFL team. This includes the Colts' time in Baltimore and the Rams' time in Cleveland and St. Louis. The Boston Yanks are the only defunct franchise to have held a first overall pick.[81]

Team Total
number
Year(s) Notes Ref
Indianapolis Colts 7 1955, 1967, 1983, 1990, 1992
1998, 2012
  • 3 as the Baltimore Colts
  • 4 as the Indianapolis Colts
[82]
Los Angeles Rams 7 1938, 1952, 1960, 1963, 1997
2010, 2016
  • 1 as the Cleveland Rams
  • 2 as the St. Louis Rams
  • 4 as the Los Angeles Rams
[83]
Tampa Bay Buccaneers 5 1976*, 1977, 1986, 1987, 2015 [84]
Cleveland Browns 5 1954, 1999, 2000, 2017, 2018 [85]
Arizona Cardinals 5 1939, 1940, 1945, 1958, 2019
  • 4 as the Chicago Cardinals
[86]
Detroit Lions 4 1943, 1950, 1980, 2009 [87]
Atlanta Falcons 4 1966*, 1975, 1988, 2001 [88]
Buffalo Bills 4 1969, 1972, 1979, 1985 [89]
Cincinnati Bengals 4 1994, 1995, 2003, 2020 [90]
New England Patriots 4 1971, 1982, 1984, 1993
  • Also had first selection in the 1964 AFL draft
    (as the Boston Patriots)
[91]
Philadelphia Eagles 3 1936, 1937, 1949 [92]
Chicago Bears 3 1941, 1947, 2024 [93]
Pittsburgh Steelers 3 1942, 1956, 1970 [94]
San Francisco 49ers 3 1953, 1964, 2005 [95]
Dallas Cowboys 3 1974, 1989, 1991 [96]
Houston Texans 3 2002*, 2006, 2014 [97]
Boston Yanks 2 1944*, 1946 [81]
Washington Commanders 2 1948, 1962
  • 2 as the Washington Redskins
[98]
New York Giants 2 1951, 1965 [99]
Green Bay Packers 2 1957, 1959 [100]
Minnesota Vikings 2 1961*, 1968 [101]
Tennessee Titans 2 1973, 1978
  • 2 as the Houston Oilers
[102]
Carolina Panthers 2 2011, 2023 [103]
Jacksonville Jaguars 2 2021, 2022 [104]
New Orleans Saints 1 1981 [105]
New York Jets 1 1996 [106]
Los Angeles Chargers 1 2004
  • 1 as the San Diego Chargers
[107]
Las Vegas Raiders 1 2007
  • 1 as the Oakland Raiders
  • Also had first selection in the 1962 AFL draft
[108]
Miami Dolphins 1 2008 [109]
Kansas City Chiefs 1 2013 [110]
Notes: (*) indicates the team selected first overall in their inaugural season.

First overall draft picks by school

[edit]

USC has the most first overall picks with 6. Notre Dame, Oklahoma, and Georgia are tied for second-most first overall picks with 5 each. Only two schools have had first overall picks in consecutive years: USC, with Ron Yary (1968) and O. J. Simpson (1969), and Oklahoma, with Baker Mayfield (2018) and Kyler Murray (2019).[111]

School Total
number
Year(s)
USC 6 1968, 1969, 1977, 1996, 2003, 2024
Notre Dame 5 1944, 1946, 1950, 1957, 1972
Oklahoma 5 1976, 1980, 2010, 2018, 2019
Georgia 5 1943, 1945, 1953, 2009, 2022
Auburn 4 1965, 1986, 1988, 2011
Stanford 4 1954, 1971, 1983, 2012
LSU 3 1960, 2007, 2020
Texas 3 1966, 1978, 1982
Ohio State 3 1979, 1994, 1997
Alabama 2 1948, 2023
Nebraska 2 1937, 1984
Miami (FL) 2 1987, 1991
Tennessee 2 1940, 1998
Penn State 2 1995, 2000
Virginia Tech 2 1985, 2001
Michigan 2 1941, 2008
South Carolina 2 1981, 2014
California 2 1975, 2016
Chicago 1 1936
Indiana 1 1938
TCU 1 1939
Virginia 1 1942
Oklahoma State 1 1947
Penn 1 1949
SMU 1 1951
Vanderbilt 1 1952
Oregon 1 1955
Colorado State 1 1956
Rice 1 1958
Iowa 1 1959
Tulane 1 1961
Syracuse 1 1962
Oregon State 1 1963
Texas Tech 1 1964
Michigan State 1 1967
Louisiana Tech 1 1970
Tampa 1 1973
Tennessee State 1 1974
UCLA 1 1989
Illinois 1 1990
Washington 1 1992
Washington State 1 1993
Kentucky 1 1999
Fresno State 1 2002
Ole Miss 1 2004
Utah 1 2005
North Carolina State 1 2006
Central Michigan 1 2013
Florida State 1 2015
Texas A&M 1 2017
Clemson 1 2021

First overall draft picks by position

[edit]
First overall selections by position played[2]: 525 
Position Number of selections Last year selected
Quarterbacks
35
2024
Running backs
23
1995
Defensive linemen
16
2022
Offensive linemen
6
2013
Wide receivers/tight ends
5
1996
Linebackers
4
1988
Defensive backs
1
1956

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Jay Berwanger did not sign with the Philadelphia Eagles. The Eagles traded his rights to the Chicago Bears; he did not sign with them either.
  2. ^ Billy Cannon signed with the AFL team Houston Oilers rather than the Los Angeles Rams.
  3. ^ Ernie Davis was subsequently traded to the Cleveland Browns after being drafted by the Washington Redskins.
  4. ^ a b c Because of the NFL–AFL merger agreement, the history of the AFL is officially recognized by the NFL and therefore this list includes the common draft for the years 1967, 1968, and 1969.
  5. ^ Pick received from New Orleans Saints.[29]
  6. ^ Pick received from New York Giants.[29]
  7. ^ Pick received from Houston Oilers.[29]
  8. ^ Pick received from Baltimore Colts.[29]
  9. ^ Pick received from Tampa Bay Buccaneers.[29]
  10. ^ Tom Cousineau chose to sign with the CFL team Montreal Alouettes over the Buffalo Bills.
  11. ^ John Elway was subsequently traded to the Denver Broncos after being drafted by the Baltimore Colts.
  12. ^ College seniors who had already signed with the USFL or CFL were not eligible for the regular draft. Instead the NFL held a three-round special draft on June 5, 1984. The Tampa Bay Buccaneers selected Steve Young first overall in that draft.
  13. ^ Pick received from Tampa Bay Buccaneers.[29]
  14. ^ Bo Jackson did not sign with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers and chose to enter the 1987 NFL draft the following year.
  15. ^ The Cleveland Browns – via the Buffalo Bills originally – possessed the number one overall pick but because they selected Bernie Kosar in the 1985 supplemental draft, the pick was subsequently given to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers.
  16. ^ Pick received from Atlanta Falcons.[29]
  17. ^ The Dallas Cowboys originally possessed the number one overall pick but because they selected Steve Walsh in the 1989 supplemental draft, the pick was given to the Indianapolis Colts who originally held the second overall pick.
  18. ^ Pick received from New England Patriots.[29]
  19. ^ Pick received from Carolina Panthers.[29]
  20. ^ Pick received from New York Jets.[29]
  21. ^ Pick received from San Diego Chargers.[29]
  22. ^ Eli Manning's rights were subsequently traded to the New York Giants after being drafted by the San Diego Chargers.
  23. ^ Pick received from Tennessee Titans.[29]
  24. ^ Pick received from the Chicago Bears.[29]
  25. ^ Pick received from the Carolina Panthers. [80]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Clayton, John (2009-03-26). "Draft order to change for playoff teams". ESPN. Archived from the original on 2010-02-18.
  2. ^ a b Zimmer, John; Marini, Matt, eds. (2013). Official 2013 National Football League Record & Fact Book (PDF). New York: National Football League. p. 525. ISBN 978-1-603-20980-9. Retrieved October 11, 2013.
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Further reading

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