List of metropolitan areas in Indonesia

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The government of Indonesia defines a metropolitan area as an urban agglomeration where its spatial planning is prioritised due to its highly important influence on the country.[1] The metropolitan areas in Indonesia are managed based on Presidential Regulation (Peraturan Presiden). The national government has established 10 metropolitan areas across the country, anchored by the cities of Jakarta, Surabaya, Bandung, Semarang, Medan, Makassar, Palembang, Denpasar, Banjarmasin, and Manado. Despite having no official metropolitan areas recognised on national level, there are several other cities whose urbanised area exceeds their city limits such as Yogyakarta, Malang, and Cirebon.

Official metropolitan areas

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Metropolitan area Image Official acronym Regencies and cities Area
(km2) 		Estimated
population 		Ref.
Jakarta metropolitan area Jabodetabekpunjur 7,062.47 33,430,285 [2]
Surabaya metropolitan area Gerbangkertosusila 5,925.84 9,570,870 [3]
Bandung metropolitan area Bandung Basin 3,411.35 8,357,393 [4]
Semarang metropolitan area Kedungsepur 4,298.43 5,689,149 [5]
Medan metropolitan area Mebidangro 3,189.25 4,848,885 [6]
Makassar metropolitan area Mamminasata 2,667 2,621,168 [7]
Palembang metropolitan area Patungraya Agung 7,585.96 2,570,981 [8]
Denpasar metropolitan area Sarbagita 732.67 2,388,680 [9]
Banjarmasin metropolitan area Banjarbakula 8,136.36 1,939,347 [10]
Manado metropolitan area Bimindo 1,379.26 830,137 [11]

Built-up urban areas

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The followings are the contiguous urban areas in Indonesia, with a population of over 500,000, according to Demographia's "World Urban Areas" study (19th Annual - 2023). Demographia defines an urban area (urbanised area agglomeration or urban centre) as a continuously built up land mass of urban development that is within a labor market (metropolitan area), without regard for administrative boundaries (city).[12]

Rank Urban area Built-up
Area
(km2) 		Estimated
population
2022 		Notes[12]
1 Jakarta 3,546 34,386,000 Jakarta's built-up urban area extends beyond its official metropolitan area, including Karawang.
2 Bandung 487 7,203,000 Bandung metropolitan area has more dense urban population than Surabaya metropolitan area.
3 Surabaya 912 6,556,000 Surabaya metropolitan area has a larger population than Bandung metropolitan area, but comprises more rural areas than the later.
4 Medan 479 4,027,000 Medan is the largest urban area outside of Java island. The urban area is known as Mebidangro.
5 Semarang 259 2,319,000 Although Semarang metropolitan area is nominally the fourth most populous in Indonesia, it actually comprises a significant portion of rural areas. Semarang's urban population is much smaller than Medan.
6 Palembang 220 2,069,000 Palembang is the third largest urban area outside of Java island, after Medan and Makassar. The urban area is known as Patungraya Agung.
7 Makassar 179 1,936,000 Makassar is the largest urban area outside of Java and Sumatra. The urban area is known as Mamminasata.
8 Malang 212 1,620,000 Although it has no metropolitan area recognised on national level, Malang urban population extends far beyond its administrative area of 145 km2.[13] The urban area is known as Greater Malang.
9 Yogyakarta 231 1,576,000 Although it has no metropolitan area recognised on national level, Yogyakarta has the ninth largest urban population in Indonesia, extending far beyond its small city proper area of 32.5 km2.[13] Nevertheless, the urban area, known as Yogyakarta metropolitan area, is managed through Sekretariat Bersama Kartamantul with patronage of the provincial government.
10 Batam 243 1,403,000 As an island-city, Batam has not developed a metropolitan area with its surrounding regions, hence its urban population is entirely within its administrative area. A free-trade zone, known as Batam metropolitan area, is established around Batam.
11 Denpasar 176 1,326,000 Denpasar is the second largest urban area outside of Java and Sumatra, after Makassar. The urban area is known as Sarbagita.
12 Cirebon 106 1,146,000 Although it has no metropolitan area recognised at the national level, Cirebon's urban population extends beyond its administrative area of 37.4 km2.[13] The urban area is planned by provincial government as Rebana.
13 Surakarta 207 1,097,000 Although it has no metropolitan area recognised at the national level, Surakarta's urban population extends far beyond its administrative area of 46 km2.[13] The urban area is known as Greater Solo.
14 Pekanbaru 238 1,085,000 Pekanbaru has no metropolitan area recognised at the national level, and its urban population is pretty much concentrated in its city proper. The urban area is known as Pekanbaru metropolitan area which is managed through the provincial government.
15 Samarinda 101 1,033,000 Samarinda has no metropolitan area recognised at the national level, and its urban population is pretty much concentrated in its city proper. The urban area is known as Samarinda metropolitan area which is managed through the provincial government.
16 Tasikmalaya 62 984,000
17 Bandar Lampung 106 960,000
18 Jambi 181 950,000
19 Padang 98 909,000
20 Banjarmasin 65 792,000
21 Serang 114 783,000
22 Balikpapan 122 684,000
23 Cilegon 122 542,000

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Bulletin Electronik". Archived from the original on 2 October 2017.
  2. ^ "PU-net". perkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id.
  3. ^ "PU-net". perkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id.
  4. ^ "PU-net". perkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id.
  5. ^ "PU-net". perkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id.
  6. ^ "PU-net". perkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id.
  7. ^ "PU-net". perkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id.
  8. ^ "PU-net". perkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id.
  9. ^ "PU-net". perkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id.
  10. ^ "PU-net". perkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id.
  11. ^ "PU-net". perkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id.
  12. ^ a b "Demographia World Urban Areas, 14th Annual Edition" (PDF). April 2019. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 February 2020. Retrieved 9 February 2020.
  13. ^ a b c d "Indonesia: Administrative Division (Provinces, Regencies and Cities) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map". www.citypopulation.de.
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