Ma Buqing

1925	Yunnan–Guangxi War; May Thirtieth Movement
1925–1926	Anti-Fengtian War; Canton–Hong Kong strike
1926	Zhongshan Warship Incident
1926–1928	Northern Expedition; Nanjing–Wuhan Split; Nationalist-Communist Civil War
1927	Nanking incident of 1927
1927	Shanghai Commune of 1927
1927	Shanghai massacre
1927	July 15 Incident
1927–1930	Muslim conflict in Gansu
1928	Jinan incident; Huanggutun incident; Looting of the Eastern Mausoleum; Northeast Flag Replacement
1928–1929	Third Red Spears' uprising in Shandong
1929	Chiang-Gui War; Warlord Rebellion in northeastern Shandong (incl. Beijing Revolt); Sino-Soviet conflict
1930	Central Plains War
1930–1932	Sino-Tibetan War / Qinghai–Tibet War
1931–1935	Kumul Rebellion / Soviet invasion of Xinjiang
1932	Han–Liu War
1932	Two-Liu war
1934	War in Ningxia

1911–1914	Bai Lang Rebellion
1913	Second Revolution
1915	Twenty-One Demands
1915–1916	Empire of China (Yuan Shikai); National Protection War
1916	Death of Yuan Shikai
1917	Manchu Restoration
1917–1922	Constitutional Protection Movement
1917–1929	Golok rebellions
1918–1920	Siberian intervention
1919	Paris Peace Conference; Shandong Problem; May Fourth Movement
1919–1921	Occupation of Outer Mongolia
1920	Zhili–Anhui War
1920–1921	Guangdong–Guangxi War
1920–1926	Spirit Soldier rebellions
1921	1st National CPC Congress
1921–1922	Washington Naval Conference
1922	First Zhili–Fengtian War
1923–1927	First United Front
1923	Lincheng Outrage
1924	Second Zhili–Fengtian War; Canton Merchants' Corps Uprising; Beijing Coup

Ma Buqing
Ma Buqing
	Ma Buqing sitting down on the right with his brother Ma Bufang on the left
Reclamation Commissioner Qinghai Province
	In office; 1942–1943
Personal details
Born	1901; Linxia County, Gansu
Died	9 February 1977 (aged 75–76); Taipei, Taiwan
Nationality	Hui
Political party	Kuomintang
Children	Ma Xuyuan, Ma Weiguo
Military service
Allegiance	China
Years of service	1928–1949
Rank	general
Commands	Reclamation Commissioner Qinghai Province, Deputy Commander in Chief 40th Army Group
Battles/wars	Long March, Second Sino-Japanese War, Chinese Civil War

Ma Buqing (1901–1977) (simplified Chinese: 马步青; traditional Chinese: 馬步青; pinyin: Mǎ Bùqīng; Wade–Giles: Ma Pu-ch’ing, Xiao'erjing: مَا بُ‌ٿِئٍ) was a prominent Ma clique warlord in China during the Republic of China era, controlling armies in the province of Qinghai.

Life

Ma Buqing and his younger brother Ma Bufang (1903–1975) were born in Monigou Township (漠泥沟乡)^[1] in what is today Linxia County, some 35 kilometres (22 mi) west of Linxia City. Their father Ma Qi formed the Ninghai Army in Qinghai in 1915, and received civilian and military posts from the Beiyang Government in Beijing in that same year confirming his military and civilian authority in Qinghai.

Ma Buqing received a Confucian Classical Chinese education, while his brother Ma Bufang received education in Islam to become an Imam.^[2]

Ma Buqing sided with Feng Yuxiang's Guominjun until the Central Plains War, when he switched to the winning side of Chiang Kai-shek. Ma Qi died in 1931 and his power was assumed by his brother Ma Lin, who was appointed governor of Qinghai.

Ma Buqing watched Chinese Opera, and met the later American Professor John DeFrancis during an opera performance.^[3]

His troops defeated the CCP during the Long March in 1936.^[4]^[5]

Ma Buqing and Ma Bufang discussed battle plans against the Japanese over the telephone with Chiang Kai-shek. Ma Buqing's Hexi 5th Army entered the war against the Japanese. In 1940 at the Battle of Wuyuan, Ma Buqing led the 5th Cavalry Corps against the Japanese. The Japanese were defeated by the Chinese Muslim cavalry and Wuyuan was retaken from the Japanese.

Ma Buqing was in virtual control of the Gansu corridor at this time.^[6]^[7]

In 1942 Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, head of the Chinese government personally went on tour in Northwestern China in Xinjiang, Gansu, Ningxia, Shaanxi, and Qinghai, where he met both Ma Buqing and Ma Bufang. Ma Buqing's troops were involved in road construction, for the movement of war supplies to Chinese forces fighting against Japan, having built a route to the Soviet Union and was planning another route via Tibet.^[8]

In July 1942 Chiang Kai-shek instructed Ma Buqing to move 30,000 of his troops to the Tsaidam marsh in the Qaidam Basin of Qinghai.^[9]^[10] Chiang named Ma Reclamation Commissioner, to threaten Sheng Shicai's southern flank in Xinjiang, which bordered Tsaidam. Liangzhou District in Wuwei was previously his headquarters in Gansu, where he controlled 15 million Muslims.^[11]

In 1949, Ma Buqing evacuated with his family to Taiwan along with the Kuomintang Republic of China government becoming advisor to the Ministry of Defense.^[12] His brother, Ma Bufang, fled to Egypt. Ma Buqing died on 9 February 1977, in Taipei.

A daughter of Ma Buqing married Ma Buqing's nephew Ma Chengxiang who was born in 1914. Ma Chengxiang commanded the 5th cavalry army and joined Ma Buqing on Taiwan.

Ma Buqing's eldest son was Ma Xuyuan (Chinese: 馬緒援; Wade–Giles: Ma Hsü-yüan), and his other son was Ma Weiguo (Chinese: 馬衛國; Wade–Giles: Ma Wei-kuo).^[13]

Career

1926 Commanding Officer 55th Independent Brigade, 5th Army
Commanding Officer 65th Brigade, 22nd Division
Luoyang Garrison Commander
1929–1937: General Officer Commanding 5th Cavalry Division
1937–1942: General Officer Commanding 5th Cavalry Army
1942–1943: Reclamation Commissioner Qinghai Province
1943–1945: Deputy Commander in Chief 40th Army Group

References

^ "临夏旅游" (Linxia Tourism), published by Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture Tourist Board, 2003. 146 pages. No ISBN. Pages 68–69.
^ Dudoignon, Stéphane A.; Komatsu, Hisao; Kosugi, Yasushi (2006). Intellectuals in the modern Islamic world: transmission, transformation, communication. Taylor & Francis. p. 255. ISBN 978-0-415-36835-3. Retrieved 28 June 2010.
^ DeFrancis, John (1993). In the footsteps of Genghis Khan. University of Hawaii Press. p. 294. ISBN 978-0-8248-1493-9. Retrieved 28 June 2010.
^ Lily Xiao Hong Lee; Wiles, Sue (1999). Women of the Long March. Allen & Unwin. p. 72. ISBN 978-1-86448-569-1. Retrieved 28 June 2010. ma buqing prisoners temple concubines officers.
^ Yang, Benjamin (1990). From revolution to politics: Chinese communists on the long march. Westview Press. p. 304. ISBN 978-0-8133-7672-1. Retrieved 28 June 2010.
^ Asia, Volume 40. 1940. Retrieved 28 June 2010. {{cite book}}: |magazine= ignored (help)
^ Dreyer, June Teufel (1976). China's forty millions: minority nationalities and national integration in the People's Republic of China. Harvard University Press. p. 27. ISBN 978-0-674-11964-2. Retrieved 28 June 2010.
^ "CHINA: He Who Has Reason". TIME. 5 October 1942. Archived from the original on 14 October 2010. Retrieved 11 April 2011.
^ Lin, Hsiao-ting (1 March 2009). "War, Leadership and Ethnopolitics: Chiang Kai-shek and China's frontiers, 1941–1945". Journal of Contemporary China. 18 (59): 201–217. doi:10.1080/10670560802575960. S2CID 154653365.
^ Nationalists, Muslim Warlords, and the "Great Northwestern Development" in Pre-Communist China
^ Forman, Harrison (19 July 1942). "MOSLEM WAR LORD ISOLATED BY CHINA; Ma Pu-ching Sent to Swamps of Tibet With the Title of Reclamation Commissioner MEMBER OF A NOTED CLAN Vital Route to Russia Passes Through Area With 15,000,000 Believers in the Koran". The New York Times.
^ Lipman, Jonathan N. (July 1984). "Ethnicity and Politics in Republican China: The Ma Family Warlords of Gansu". Modern China. 10 (3). Sage Publications, Inc.: 313. doi:10.1177/009770048401000302. JSTOR 189017. S2CID 143843569.
^ "甘、寧、青三馬家族世系簡表" (PDF). Retrieved 14 July 2017.

External links

民国军阀派系谈 (The Republic of China warlord cliques discussed ) http://www.2499cn.com/junfamulu.htm
The Generals of World War II, Generals from China
Ma Buqing

[lvyou-1] "临夏旅游" (Linxia Tourism), published by Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture Tourist Board, 2003. 146 pages. No ISBN. Pages 68–69.

[2] Dudoignon, Stéphane A.; Komatsu, Hisao; Kosugi, Yasushi (2006). Intellectuals in the modern Islamic world: transmission, transformation, communication. Taylor & Francis. p. 255. ISBN 978-0-415-36835-3. Retrieved 28 June 2010.

[3] DeFrancis, John (1993). In the footsteps of Genghis Khan. University of Hawaii Press. p. 294. ISBN 978-0-8248-1493-9. Retrieved 28 June 2010.

[4] Lily Xiao Hong Lee; Wiles, Sue (1999). Women of the Long March. Allen & Unwin. p. 72. ISBN 978-1-86448-569-1. Retrieved 28 June 2010. ma buqing prisoners temple concubines officers.

[5] Yang, Benjamin (1990). From revolution to politics: Chinese communists on the long march. Westview Press. p. 304. ISBN 978-0-8133-7672-1. Retrieved 28 June 2010.

[6] Asia, Volume 40. 1940. Retrieved 28 June 2010. {{cite book}}: |magazine= ignored (help)

[7] Dreyer, June Teufel (1976). China's forty millions: minority nationalities and national integration in the People's Republic of China. Harvard University Press. p. 27. ISBN 978-0-674-11964-2. Retrieved 28 June 2010.

[8] "CHINA: He Who Has Reason". TIME. 5 October 1942. Archived from the original on 14 October 2010. Retrieved 11 April 2011.

[9] Lin, Hsiao-ting (1 March 2009). "War, Leadership and Ethnopolitics: Chiang Kai-shek and China's frontiers, 1941–1945". Journal of Contemporary China. 18 (59): 201–217. doi:10.1080/10670560802575960. S2CID 154653365.

[10] Nationalists, Muslim Warlords, and the "Great Northwestern Development" in Pre-Communist China

[11] Forman, Harrison (19 July 1942). "MOSLEM WAR LORD ISOLATED BY CHINA; Ma Pu-ching Sent to Swamps of Tibet With the Title of Reclamation Commissioner MEMBER OF A NOTED CLAN Vital Route to Russia Passes Through Area With 15,000,000 Believers in the Koran". The New York Times.

[12] Lipman, Jonathan N. (July 1984). "Ethnicity and Politics in Republican China: The Ma Family Warlords of Gansu". Modern China. 10 (3). Sage Publications, Inc.: 313. doi:10.1177/009770048401000302. JSTOR 189017. S2CID 143843569.

[13] "甘、寧、青三馬家族世系簡表" (PDF). Retrieved 14 July 2017.

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Authority control databases
International	VIAF
National	Netherlands

Ma Buqing
Ma Buqing sitting down on the right with his brother Ma Bufang on the left

Reclamation Commissioner Qinghai Province
In office 1942–1943

Personal details
Born	1901 Linxia County, Gansu
Died	9 February 1977(1977-02-09) (aged 75–76) Taipei, Taiwan
Nationality	Hui
Political party	Kuomintang
Children	Ma Xuyuan, Ma Weiguo
Military service
Allegiance	China
Years of service	1928–1949
Rank	general
Commands	Reclamation Commissioner Qinghai Province, Deputy Commander in Chief 40th Army Group
Battles/wars	Long March, Second Sino-Japanese War, Chinese Civil War

Ma Buqing

Life

Career

See also

References

External links