Major vault protein, also known as lung resistance-related protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MVPgene.[5][6] 78 copies of the protein assemble into the large compartments called vaults.
This gene encodes the major vault protein which is a lung infection resistance-related protein. Vaults are multi-subunit structures that may be involved in nucleo-cytoplasmic transport. Major vault protein comprises 70% of vaults which also contain vPARP and TEP1.[7] This protein mediates drug resistance, perhaps via a transport process. It is widely distributed in normal tissues and overexpressed in multidrug-resistant cancer cells. The protein overexpression is a potentially useful marker of clinical drug resistance. This gene produces two transcripts by using two alternative exon 2 sequences; however, the open reading frames are the same in both transcripts.[6]
Major vault protein coimmunoprecipitates with the human estrogen receptor and treatment with estradiol increases major vault protein associated with the estrogen receptor in nuclear extracts.[8]
^van Zon A, Mossink MH, Schoester M, Scheffer GL, Scheper RJ, Sonneveld P, Wiemer EA (Mar 2002). "Structural domains of vault proteins: a role for the coiled coil domain in vault assembly". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 291 (3): 535–41. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2002.6472. PMID11855821.
Izquierdo MA, Scheffer GL, Flens MJ, Schroeijers AB, van der Valk P, Scheper RJ (Jun 1996). "Major vault protein LRP-related multidrug resistance". European Journal of Cancer. 32A (6): 979–84. doi:10.1016/0959-8049(96)00053-6. PMID8763338.
Slovak ML, Ho JP, Cole SP, Deeley RG, Greenberger L, de Vries EG, Broxterman HJ, Scheffer GL, Scheper RJ (Oct 1995). "The LRP gene encoding a major vault protein associated with drug resistance maps proximal to MRP on chromosome 16: evidence that chromosome breakage plays a key role in MRP or LRP gene amplification". Cancer Research. 55 (19): 4214–9. PMID7671223.
Sugawara I, Akiyama S, Scheper RJ, Itoyama S (Jan 1997). "Lung resistance protein (LRP) expression in human normal tissues in comparison with that of MDR1 and MRP". Cancer Letters. 112 (1): 23–31. doi:10.1016/S0304-3835(96)04542-9. PMID9029166.
Ikeda K, Oka M, Yamada Y, Soda H, Fukuda M, Kinoshita A, Tsukamoto K, Noguchi Y, Isomoto H, Takeshima F, Murase K, Kamihira S, Tomonaga M, Kohno S (Aug 1999). "Adult T-cell leukemia cells over-express the multidrug-resistance-protein (MRP) and lung-resistance-protein (LRP) genes". International Journal of Cancer. 82 (4): 599–604. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19990812)82:4<599::AID-IJC21>3.0.CO;2-R. PMID10404077. S2CID20438112.
Rimsza LM, Campbell K, Dalton WS, Salmon S, Willcox G, Grogan TM (Jul 1999). "The major vault protein (MVP), a new multidrug resistance associated protein, is frequently expressed in multiple myeloma". Leukemia & Lymphoma. 34 (3–4): 315–24. doi:10.3109/10428199909050956. PMID10439368.
Lange C, Walther W, Schwabe H, Stein U (Nov 2000). "Cloning and initial analysis of the human multidrug resistance-related MVP/LRP gene promoter". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 278 (1): 125–33. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.3782. PMID11071864.
van Zon A, Mossink MH, Schoester M, Scheffer GL, Scheper RJ, Sonneveld P, Wiemer EA (Mar 2002). "Structural domains of vault proteins: a role for the coiled coil domain in vault assembly". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 291 (3): 535–41. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2002.6472. PMID11855821.
Zhao Y, Yu L, Wang Q, Lou F, Pu J (Mar 2002). "[The relationship between expression of lung resistance-related protein gene or multidrug resistance-associated protein gene and prognosis in newly diagnosed acute leukemia]". Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 41 (3): 183–5. PMID11940320.
van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM, Wiemer EA, Prins A, Meijerink JP, Vossebeld PJ, van der Holt B, Pieters R, Sonneveld P (May 2002). "Increased expression of the breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) in relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML)". Leukemia. 16 (5): 833–9. doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2402496. PMID11986944. S2CID24297761.