Maków Mazowiecki

Maków Mazowiecki
Corpus Christi church in Maków Mazowiecki
Corpus Christi church in Maków Mazowiecki
Coat of arms of Maków Mazowiecki
Coat of arms
Maków Mazowiecki is located in Poland
Maków Mazowiecki
Maków Mazowiecki
Coordinates: 52°52′N 21°6′E / 52.867°N 21.100°E / 52.867; 21.100
Country Poland
Voivodeship Masovian
CountyMaków
GminaMaków Mazowiecki (urban gmina)
Town rights1421
Government
 • MayorTadeusz Ciak
Area
 • Total10.3 km2 (4.0 sq mi)
Population
 (2011[1])
 • Total10,262
 • Density1,000/km2 (2,600/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
06-200
Area code+48 29
Vehicle registrationWMA
National roads
Voivodeship roads
Websitewww.makowmazowiecki.pl

Maków Mazowiecki [ˈmakuf mazɔˈvʲɛt͡skʲi] (Yiddish: מאקאוו, romanized: Makov) is a town in Poland, in the Masovian Voivodship. It is the powiat capital of Maków County (or Powiat of Maków). Its population is 10,850.

History

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Renaissance tombstone of Jędrzej Noskowski, starost of Maków, in the Corpus Christi church

The town obtained its town charter in 1421. It was a Polish royal town, administratively located in the Masovian Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province of the Polish Crown.

A battle was fought nearby on August 19, 1920, during the Polish-Soviet War.[2]

Before 1939 about 7,000 people lived in Maków, including 4,000 Poles and 3,000 Jews. During the German invasion of Poland, which started World War II, the Einsatzgruppe V entered the town on September 10–11, 1939, commit atrocities against the population.[3] The Einsatzgruppe V immediately carried out searches of Polish offices and organizations.[4] Medicines from pharmacies and local supplies of grain, sugar and rice were confiscated for the German Army.[4] Under German occupation the name was Germanized to Mackeim. In Maków, the Germans operated a concentration camp for ill and disabled people from the region.[5] In February 1940, the Germans murdered 560 people from the camp in a forest near Wyszogród, while 50 people from the local hospital were murdered in the nearby village of Grzanka.[5] The Jewish community was murdered by Nazi Germany in the Holocaust. Some killings were done in the town; thousands of Maków Mazowiecki Jews were murdered at the Auschwitz concentration camp. The Germans also operated a forced labour camp in the town from 1941 to 1944.[6]

While a secret protocol had been struck prior to World War II between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union that laid plans to split up Poland between them, Germany later abrogated this agreement and struck deeply into Russian territory. The Germans occupied Maków Mazowiecki from September 1939 to April 1945. In January 1945, heavy fighting and artillery barrages destroyed 90% of the town's buildings.

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
YearPop.±%
19216,198—    
19316,645+7.2%
20109,755+46.8%
Source: [7][8]

Notable people

[edit]
  • David Azrieli - Canadian businessman and philanthropist
  • Kamil Majkowski - Polish football player
  • Hyman G. Rickover - admiral in the US Navy, born in Maków in 1900. His leadership in the nuclear propulsion and power generation was instrumental in developing a culture where safety was paramount.
  • Leib Langfus - Rabbi from Makow, later murdered in Auschwitz-Birkenau. His diary of his deportation and time in Auschwitz-Birkenau are considered one of the most valuable Holocaust era eyewitness testimonies.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Demographic Yearbook of Poland 2012
  2. ^ Kowalski, Andrzej (1995). "Miejsca pamięci związane z Bitwą Warszawską 1920 r.". Niepodległość i Pamięć (in Polish) (2/2 (3)). Muzeum Niepodległości w Warszawie: 141. ISSN 1427-1443.
  3. ^ Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. p. 54.
  4. ^ a b Wardzyńska, p. 112
  5. ^ a b Wardzyńska, p. 236
  6. ^ "Arbeitserziehungslager Maków Mazowiecki". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 13 February 2021.
  7. ^ Wiadomości Statystyczne Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego (in Polish). Vol. X. Warszawa: Główny Urząd Statystyczny. 1932. p. 195.
  8. ^ Stan i struktura ludności oraz ruch naturalny w przekroju terytorialnym w 2010 r. (PDF) (in Polish). Warszawa: Główny Urząd Statystyczny. 2011. p. 73. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2011.
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