Metropolitan Free Hospital

Metropolitan Free Hospital
City and Hackney (Teaching) District Health Authority
Metropolitan Free Hospital, in Hackney
Location within Hackney
Geography
Location	Kingsland Road, Hackney, England
Coordinates	51°32′26.01″N 0°4′36.16″W / 51.5405583°N 0.0767111°W / 51.5405583; -0.0767111
Organisation
Care system	NHS England
Services
Emergency department	No
History
Opened	1836
Closed	1977
Links
Lists	Hospitals in England

The Metropolitan Free Hospital was a London hospital, founded in 1836 and based for most of its existence in Kingsland Road, Hackney. It became part of the NHS in 1948, and closed in 1977, with its residual functions transferring to Barts Hospital.

The hospital was founded by Jonathan Fry, a son of Elizabeth Fry, to provide medical treatment for the destitute, in 1836.^[1][2] Its mission was ‘to grant immediate relief to the sick poor of every nation and class whatever may be their diseases, on presenting themselves to the charity without letter of recommendation; such letters being always procured with difficulty and often after dangerous delay’.^[3] It was based initially at 29 Carey Street, near Lincoln's Inn, previously the home of the silversmith Richard Cooke.^[4] In 1843, Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge sponsored its first inpatient beds.^[1]

In 1850, the hospital moved to 8 Devonshire Square, Bishopsgate, and soon after began to treat inpatients.^[1] However, in the 1870s, the Devonshire Square site was wanted by the Great Eastern Railway Company to extend their London terminus, Liverpool Street Station.^[1] The hospital sold its premises to the railway for £8,500 in 1876.^[1] It moved to 81 Commercial Street, Spitalfields and remained there until 1885 when it found a suitable site on the Kingsland Road.^[1]

The hospital operated from a series of buildings on Kingsland Road while a dedicated building was being constructed between 1885 and 1886. Under its new governor, Sir Edmund Hay Currie, it began to charge a small subscription, and so dropped the word ‘Free’ from its title.^[1] As the Metropolitan Hospital, it formed a partnership with Anglican nursing order, the Order of All Saints.^[1] In 1902 King Edward VII became its patron.^[1] The hospital developed specialist services, including a dedicated ward for Jewish patients, and expertise in treating tuberculosis.^[5] In 1948 the Metropolitan Hospital became part of the National Health Service.^[1] After services were transferred to Barts Hospital, the hospital closed in 1977.^[1] The building was subsequently converted for use as a business centre and as a hostel.^[6]

The Order of All Saints, also known as the Sisters of St Peter's of Kilburn were asked to reorganise the nursing care in 1888 and ran the nursing department until 1895. In 1897 Eva Luckes, Matron of The London Hospital agreed that one of her staff, Mabel Cave RRC (1863–1953) could go there for six months to reorganise the nursing department.^[7] Cave took with her several nurses to reorganise and instill Nightingale style nursing. Cave became matron of The Westminster Hospital in 1898.^[8]

• Isabel Catherine Bennett RRC^[9] (1862–1932),^[10] Matron 1898–1922.^[8] Bennett also trained at The London Hospital under Eva Luckes between 1893 and 1895. Bennett was described as being a much-loved matron, who had happy and contented staff.^[11] In the First World War, the Metropolitan Hospital was an outpost of Queen Alexandra's Military Hospital in Millbank for wounded and sick officers.^[12] During the war her workload increased considerably, as the hospital expanded from 160 civilian beds,^[13] with an additional 302 military beds.^[12] Bennett remained in charge for over 23 years before retiring in 1922.^[14][8]