Metropolitan Opera House (Philadelphia)

The Met
Exterior view of the theatre (2024)
Map
Former namesPhiladelphia Opera House (1908-10)
Metropolitan Opera House (1910-84)
Philadelphia Evangelistic Center (1984-88)
Address858 N Broad St
Philadelphia, PA 19130-2234
LocationNorth Broad Street
Coordinates39°58′13″N 75°9′38″W / 39.97028°N 75.16056°W / 39.97028; -75.16056
OwnerEric Blumenfeld
OperatorLive Nation Philadelphia
Capacity3,500
Construction
OpenedNovember 17, 1908 (1908-11-17)
Renovated
  • 1939
  • 1943
  • 1948
  • 1975
  • 2017-18
Closed1988
ReopenedDecember 3, 2018 (2018-12-03)
Construction cost$2 million
($67.8 million in 2023 dollars[1])
ArchitectWilliam H. McElfatrick
Structural engineerPhoenix Iron Company
General contractor
  • Harry Weichmann
  • John Morrow
Website
Venue Website
Building details
General information
Renovation cost$56 million
Renovating team
Architect(s)Atkin Olshin Schade Architects
Structural engineerDavid Chou & Associates
Services engineerConcord Engineering Group
Main contractorDomus Construction
Metropolitan Opera House
Architectural styleClassical Revival
NRHP reference No.72001163[2]
Significant dates
Added to NRHPFebruary 1, 1972 (1972-02-01)
Designated PRHPJune 29, 1971 (1971-06-29)[3]
Proscenium Arch in 1917
View from the stage in 1917

The Metropolitan Opera House is a historic opera house and current pop concert venue located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It has been used for many different purposes since originally opening in 1908. In December 2018, after 110 years of operation and a major renovation, it reopened as a concert venue. Now know as The Met it is managed by Live Nation Philadelphia.[4]

Built over the course of just a few months in 1908, it was the ninth opera house built by impresario Oscar Hammerstein I. It was initially the home of Hammerstein's Philadelphia Opera Company, and called the "Philadelphia Opera House". Hammerstein sold it to the Metropolitan Opera of New York City in 1910, who renamed it. The Met used it through 1920, after which it changed hands again and various other opera companies used it through 1934.

For eight decades it remained in constant use from opera house to movie theater, to a ballroom, a sports venue, a mechanic training center, and a church. The building, by then in serious disrepair, was unused and vacant for almost eight years from 1988 until 1995, when it became the "Holy Ghost Headquarters Revival Center at the Met". The church stabilized much of the building, eventually paving the way for the latest renovation of the facility in 2017–2018.

The opera house has been included on the National Register of Historic Places since 1972.[5]

History

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The Metropolitan Opera House was built by Hammerstein to be the home of his then new opera company, the Philadelphia Opera Company (POC). Hammerstein hired architect William H. McElfatrick of the firm J.B. McElfatrick & Son to design the opera house in 1907, and construction began the following year. When it opened as the Philadelphia Opera House in 1908, it was the largest theater of its kind in the world, seating more than 4,000 people.

The opera house officially opened on November 17, 1908, with a production of Georges Bizet's Carmen for the opening of the POC's first season. The cast included Maria Labia in the title role, Charles Dalmorès as Don José, Andrés de Segurola as Escamillo, Alice Zeppilli as Micaëla, and Cleofonte Campanini conducting. The POC continued to use the house for its productions through March 1910. The company's last performance at the house was of Giuseppe Verdi's Rigoletto on March 23, 1910, with Giovanni Polese in the title role, Lalla Miranda as Gilda, Orville Harrold as the Duke of Mantua, and Giuseppe Sturani conducting.[6]

On April 26, 1910, Arthur Hammerstein, with his father's power of attorney, sold the Philadelphia Opera House to the New York Metropolitan Opera. The theater was then renamed the Metropolitan Opera House. The Met, which had annually toured to Philadelphia with performances at the Academy of Music, had been the POC's biggest competition for opera audiences. In spite of two sold-out seasons of grand opera for the POC, Hammerstein ran into debt and had to sell his highly popular opera house to his competitor. The Met's first production at the renamed theater was on December 13, 1910. The Met performed regularly at the MOH for the next decade, giving well over a hundred performances at the house. The Metropolitan Opera's last performance at the MOH was Eugene Onegin on April 20, 1920, with Giuseppe de Luca in the title role and Claudia Muzio as Tatyana.[7] While the Met owned the MOH, it also rented the venue to other opera companies for their performances. The theater was the home of the Philadelphia-Chicago Grand Opera Company between 1911 and 1914.[8]

The Philadelphia Operatic Society also used the house during and after the Met's tenure, through 1924. After the Met returned to performing at the Academy of Music for the 1920-1921 opera season, the MOH became the home of the Philadelphia Civic Opera Company until 1928.[9] The Philadelphia Grand Opera Company and the Philadelphia La Scala Opera Company, two companies that primarily performed at the Academy of Music, also occasionally performed there during the 1920s and 1930s. The MOH was also host to many traveling productions by opera companies from other cities. The last opera production mounted at the MOH was a double billing of Cavalleria rusticana and Pagliacci under the baton of Aldo Franchetti, presented by the Chicago Grand Opera Company on May 5, 1934.

By 1920, while still being used as a performing venue for operas, the house began presenting silent films to the public.[10] It remained a cinema venue after the MOH stopped presenting operas. In April 1922, J.F Rutherford gave the first radio broadcast from the Metropolitan Opera House to an estimated 50,000 people on the discourse "Millions Now Living Will never Die".

On July 14, 1939, a crowd of 6,000 supporters, including 200 active members of the Philadelphia Police Department with German Nazi sympathies, filled the Met to hear the radical anti-Jewish preacher Father Charles Coughlin commission John F. Cassidy to lead his new pro-fascist Christian Front organization.[11]

In the late 1930s, the MOH became a ballroom and in the 1940s a sports promoter bought the venue, covered the orchestra pit with flooring so basketball, wrestling, and boxing could take place. This venture closed after attendance waned following a decline in the quality of the surrounding neighborhood.[12] In 1954, the building was sold and became a church.[13]

Decline

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In 1954 the building was purchased by the Rev. Theo Jones who then had a large congregation.[14] During this time the Philadelphia Orchestra chose the superior acoustics of the Met for several of its recordings.[15] After 1988 however church membership decreased and the building began to deteriorate.[13] The building would eventually be declared imminently dangerous by city building authorities but was saved from demolition in 1996 when it was purchased by the Reverend Mark Hatcher for his Holy Ghost Headquarters Revival Center. Between 1997 and 2013 the church spent approximately $5M USD to stabilize the building.[16]

In October 2012, Holy Ghost Headquarters Church and developer Eric Blumenfeld entered into a development partnership with Blumenfeld eventually purchasing the building for $1. Some interior demolition work began in September 2013 but was halted because the developer had not obtained necessary permits.[17] In February 2015, the church filed a lawsuit against the developer over the lack of progress on the building, alleging that Blumenfeld misled the congregation regarding his finances and "...never restored the Met as promised. Rather he gutted the auditorium the church had worked so hard to renovate, effectively displacing the church and left the unfinished project in shambles."[16]

Redevelopment

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In May 2017, Blumenfeld and Holy Ghost Church had reached a joint ownership agreement. At the same time, Live Nation signed a lease as a concert promoter and tenant for the building and they and the owners announced a $45-million renovation to bring the theatre back as a mixed use concert venue. It will also continue as the home of the Holy Ghost Church.[18][19] With restoration work led by Atkin Olshin Schade Architects and Domus as the general contractor, the completely renovated Met Philadelphia reopened to the public on December 3, 2018, with a Bob Dylan concert.[20] One year later Sirius XM radio hosted at the Met the smallest Phish performance in two decades on December 3, 2019.[21]

References

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  1. ^ 1634–1699: McCusker, J. J. (1997). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1700–1799: McCusker, J. J. (1992). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1800–present: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–". Retrieved February 29, 2024.
  2. ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. March 13, 2009.
  3. ^ "Historic Register – OPA-compliant addresses" (PDF). Philadelphia Register of Historic Places. Philadelphia Historical Commission. June 10, 2019. Retrieved July 7, 2019.
  4. ^ DeLuca, Dan (May 22, 2018). "The Met: Former North Broad opera house will open as new concert venue in December". Philadelphia Media Network. The Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved May 24, 2018.
  5. ^ Metropolitan Opera House at the nationalregisterofhistoricplaces
  6. ^ Free Library of Philadelphia: Folder: Philadelphia Opera Company 1908-1910
  7. ^ "Met Performance CID: 74940 Eugene Onegin". Metropolitan Opera Archives. Retrieved January 18, 2018.
  8. ^ Marsh, Robert C.; Pellegrini, Norman (2006). 150 Years of Opera in Chicago. Chicago, Illinois: Northern Illinois University Press. pp. 69–71. ISBN 978-0875803531.
  9. ^ New York Public Library for the Performing Arts: Folder: Philadelphia Civic Opera Company
  10. ^ Evening Public Ledger. (Philadelphia [Pa.]), Aug. 3, 7, 14, 16, & 21, 1920. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress. See: http://blog.dtaylorgenealogy.com/2015/04/donna-at-metropolitan-theatre.html#Endnotes.
  11. ^ Gotlieb, Andy (February 4, 2022). "Institute for Jewish-Catholic Relations hosts "Nazis of Copley Square" Webinar". Jewish Exponent. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
  12. ^ The Metropolitan Opera House at the Hidden City Festival Archived June 17, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  13. ^ a b Hunter, Sarah. "Metropolitan Opera House - History". Hidden City Philadelphia. CultureWorks Greater Philadelphia. Retrieved March 7, 2015.
  14. ^ Coakley, Michael (May 9, 1992). "The Rev. Thea Jones, 71, Evangelist". The Philadelphia Inquirer. p. C08. Retrieved September 11, 2018.
  15. ^ Sitton, Lea (July 7, 1996). "For The Met, A New Act Of Salvation A Soft-spoken Preacher And A Jewish Woman Join In A Duet Of Faith". The Philadelphia Inquirer. p. B01. Retrieved September 11, 2018.
  16. ^ a b Russ, Valerie (March 2, 2015). "Church sues developer over Metropolitan Opera House on N. Broad St". Philadelphia Daily News. p. 06. Retrieved January 18, 2018.
  17. ^ Maule, Bradley. "The Met's Next Revival?". Hidden City Philadelphia. CultureWorks Greater Philadelphia. Retrieved March 7, 2015.
  18. ^ Smith, Sandy (May 4, 2017). "Music to Return to the Met in Fall 2018". Philadelphia. Retrieved July 26, 2017.
  19. ^ DeLuca, Dan (May 22, 2018). "The Met: Former North Broad opera house will open as new concert venue in December". Philly.com. Retrieved September 11, 2018.
  20. ^ "The Met is reborn: Restored opera house opens on North Broad Street with Bob Dylan".
  21. ^ D'Ambrosio, Felicia. "Phish at the Met: Surprise Philly show rocks historic venue on North Broad". Billy Penn.
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