Propyl acetate
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Names | |
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Preferred IUPAC name Propyl acetate | |
Systematic IUPAC name Propyl ethanoate | |
Other names Acetic acid propyl ester n-Propyl ethanoate n-Propyl acetate n-Propyl ester of acetic acid | |
Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) | |
ChEBI | |
ChEMBL | |
ChemSpider | |
DrugBank | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.003.352 |
EC Number |
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PubChem CID | |
RTECS number |
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UNII | |
UN number | 1276 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
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Properties | |
C5H10O2 | |
Molar mass | 102.133 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | Colorless liquid |
Odor | Mild, fruity[1] |
Density | 0.89 g/cm3[2] |
Melting point | −95 °C (−139 °F; 178 K)[2] |
Boiling point | 102 °C (216 °F; 375 K)[2] |
18.9 g/L[2] | |
Vapor pressure | 25 mmHg (20 °C)[1] |
−65.91·10−6 cm3/mol | |
Hazards | |
GHS labelling: | |
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Danger | |
H225, H319, H336 | |
P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P337+P313, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501 | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Flash point | 10 °C (50 °F; 283 K)[2] |
450 °C (842 °F; 723 K) | |
Explosive limits | 1.7–8%[1] |
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose) | 9370 mg/kg (oral, rat) 8300 mg/kg (oral, mouse) 6640 mg/kg (oral, rabbit) 8700 mg/kg (oral, rat)[3] 17800 mg/kg (dermal, rabbit)[4] |
LCLo (lowest published) | 8941 ppm (cat, 5 hr)[5] |
NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible) | TWA 200 ppm (840 mg/m3)[1] |
REL (Recommended) | TWA 200 ppm (840 mg/m3) ST 250 ppm (1050 mg/m3)[1] |
IDLH (Immediate danger) | 1700 ppm[1] |
Related compounds | |
Related esters | Ethyl acetate Isopropyl acetate n-butyl acetate Isobutyl acetate |
Related compounds | Propan-1-ol Acetic acid |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). |
Propyl acetate, also known as propyl ethanoate, is an organic compound. Nearly 20,000 tons are produced annually for use as a solvent. This colorless liquid is known by its characteristic odor of pears. Due to this fact, it is commonly used in fragrances and as a flavor additive. It is formed by the esterification of acetic acid and propan-1-ol, often via Fischer–Speier esterification, with sulfuric acid as a catalyst and water produced as a byproduct.[6]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0532". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ^ a b c d e Record in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
- ^ "n-Propyl acetate". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ^ Union Carbide Data Sheet. Vol. 1/25/1965
- ^ "n-Propyl acetate". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ^ Papa, Anthony J. (2011-10-15), "Propanols", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, doi:10.1002/14356007.a22_173.pub2, retrieved 2022-03-29