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Nikolaus Esterházy | |
|---|---|
| Count of Galántha | |
 | |
| Palatine of Hungary | |
| Reign | 25 October 1625 – 11 September 1645 |
| Predecessor | Szaniszló Thurzó |
| Successor | János Draskovich |
| Full name | Count Miklós Esterházy de Galántha |
| Born | 8 April 1583 Galánta, Kingdom of Hungary (today: Galanta, Slovakia) |
| Died | 11 September 1645 (aged 62) Nagyhöflány, Kingdom of Hungary (today: Großhöflein, Austria) |
| Noble family | House of Esterházy |
| Spouse(s) | Baroness Orsolya Dersffy de Szerdahely (1612–1619) Baroness Krisztina Nyáry de Bedegh (1624–1641) |
| Issue | eleven children, including: Stephen Ladislaus Paul Anna Julia |
| Father | Ferenc Esterházy de Galántha |
| Mother | Zsófia Illésházy de Illésháza |
Baron, later Count Nikolaus Esterházy de Galántha (English: Nicholas Esterházy of Galántha) (Galanta, 8 April 1583 – Großhöflein, 11 September 1645) was the founder of the West-Hungarian noble House of Esterházy which became one of the grandest and most influential aristocratic families of the Kingdom of Hungary.
Life
[edit]Nikolaus's parents were Protestants, and he himself followed them at first, but he subsequently became a Catholic and, along with Cardinal Pázmány, his most serious rival at court, became a pillar of Catholicism, both religiously and politically. At court, he opposed the two great Protestant champions of the period, Gabriel Bethlen and George I Rákóczi. Matthias II made him a baron (1613), count of Bereg (1617), and lord-lieutenant (Hungarian: főispán) of the county of Zólyom and magister curiae regiae (1618).[1]
His political ideal was the consolidation of the House of Habsburg as a means towards freeing Hungary from domination by the Ottoman Empire, and the Habsburg noted him because of his zeal to that end. He himself, on one occasion (1623), defeated the Turks on the banks of the Nyitra.[1]
His first marriage with Orsolya Dersffy made him immensely rich and brought him also the lordships of Munkács (today: Mukachevo, Ukraine) and Lánzsér-Lakompak (today: Landsee and Lackenbach in Austria). When he had to hand over Munkács in 1622 to Gabriel Bethlen because of the Peace of Nikolsburg, he was compensated by the Emperor with 2 new lordships, namely Fraknó (today: Forchtenstein, Austria) and Kismarton (today: Eisenstadt, Austria).
In 1625 he officiated in the coronation of the Emperor Ferdinand II, who made him Palatine of Hungary, the highest political function in the country.[1] He also became Count of Fraknó and Knight in the Order of the Golden Fleece on 10 August 1626.
Nikolaus was also an accomplished writer.[1]
Marriage and children
[edit]He married in 1612 Baroness Orsolya Dersffy de Szerdahely (1583–1619) and they had:[2][better source needed]
- István (1616–1641), died before his father. Had one daughter.
- Krisztina (1617–1617).
After his first wife's death, he married in 1624 Baroness Krisztina Nyáry de Bedegh (1604–1641) and had:
- Magdolna (1625–1627)
- László (1626–1652), killed in at the Battle of Vezekény
- Katalin, (1628–1630)
- Anna Júlia (1630–1669), married Franz III. Nádasdy[3]
- Michael (1632–1633)
- Mária Krisztina (1634–1634)
- Paul I Esterházy of Galántha (1635–1713), his successor
- Mária (1638–1684), married Count György Drugeth de Homonna
- Ferenc (1641–1683), had issue. Ancestor of Móric Esterházy, Márton Esterházy, and Péter Esterházy.
Gallery
[edit]-
![The jewelled wedding collar reputedly worn by Esterházy at his wedding in 1611.[4]](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Palatine_Miklos_Esterhazy_-_Esterhazy_Marriage_Collar_-_Walters_44586.jpg/251px-Palatine_Miklos_Esterhazy_-_Esterhazy_Marriage_Collar_-_Walters_44586.jpg)
The jewelled wedding collar reputedly worn by Esterházy at his wedding in 1611.[4]
![The jewelled wedding collar reputedly worn by Esterházy at his wedding in 1611.[4]](/wiki/en/File:Palatine_Miklos_Esterhazy_-_Esterhazy_Marriage_Collar_-_Walters_44586.jpg)
Notes
[edit]- ^ a b c d Bain 1911, p. 794.
- ^ "Esterhazy1". genealogy.euweb.cz.[self-published source]
- ^ Chronik Neufeld III, Neufeld an der Leitha 2007, S. 13.
- ^ "Esterhazy Marriage Collar". Online Collection of the Walters Art Museum. 2022-08-01.
References
[edit]- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Bain, Robert Nisbet (1911). "Esterházy of Galántha s.v. Miklós [Nicholas] Esterházy". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 9 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 794–795.
- Galántai gróf Eszterházy Miklós Magyarország nádora[Palatine of Hungary]1582-1626. Editor: László Szalay [1] . Press of Lauffer és Stolp, Pest, 1863-1870 I-III Volume][2]
- Péter Katalin: Esterházy Miklós. Magyar História - Életrajzok. Gondolat kiadó, Budapest, 1985 ISBN 963-281-605-6
