Pact of San Sebastián

The Pact of San Sebastián was a meeting led by Niceto Alcalá Zamora and Miguel Maura, which took place in San Sebastián, Spain on 17 August 1930.^[1] Representatives from practically all republican political movements in Spain at the time attended the meeting. Presided over by Fernando Sasiaín (representative of the Unión Republicana), the attendees included:

- from the Radical Republican Party: Alejandro Lerroux;

- from the Republican Action: Manuel Azaña;

- from the Radical Socialist Republican Party: Marcelino Domingo, Álvaro de Albornoz and Ángel Galarza;

- from the Liberal Republican Right: Niceto Alcalá Zamora and Miguel Maura;

- from Catalan Action: Manuel Carrasco Formiguera;

- from the Republican Action of Catalonia: Matías Mallol Bosch;

- from the Estat Català: Jaume Aiguader;

- from the Autonomous Galician Republican Organization: Santiago Casares Quiroga;

- in their own right: Indalecio Prieto, Felipe Sánchez Román, Fernando de los Ríos, and Eduardo Ortega y Gasset, brother of philosopher José Ortega y Gasset. Gregorio Marañón was not able to attend, but sent a letter associating himself with the group.

At the meeting, a "revolutionary committee" was formed, headed by Alcalá-Zamora; this committee eventually became the first provisional government of the Second Spanish Republic. The committee was in close contact with a group of soldiers, with the intent of bringing about a military coup in favor of a republic. The coup was set for 15 December 1930. Nonetheless, Captain Fermín Galán attempted to start the uprising on 12 December, which resulted in the failure of the coup. Galán and Captain Ángel García Hernández were executed by a firing squad.