Palakkad Assembly constituency
Palakkad | |
---|---|
Constituency No. 56 for the Kerala Legislative Assembly | |
Constituency details | |
Country | India |
Region | South India |
State | Kerala |
District | Palakkad |
Established | 1952 |
Total electors | 1,88,534 (2021) |
Reservation | None |
Member of Legislative Assembly | |
15th Kerala Legislative Assembly | |
Incumbent |
Palakkad State Assembly constituency, once known as Palghat constituency, is one of the 140 state legislative assembly constituencies at the state Kerala in southern India. It is also one of the 7 state legislative assembly constituencies included in the Palakkad Lok Sabha constituency.[1] As of the 2024 Indian general election in Kerala, the seat is vacant as former MLA Shafi Parambil of INC is elected as MP from Vadakara Lok Sabha Constituency.[2]
Local self governed segments
[edit]Palakkad Niyamasabha constituency is composed of the following local self governed segments:[3]
Sl no. | Name | Status (Gram panchayat/municipality) | Taluk |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Palakkad | Municipality | Palakkad |
2 | Kannadi | Grama panchayat | Palakkad |
3 | Pirayiri | Grama panchayat | Palakkad |
4 | Mathur | Grama panchayat | Alathur |
Members of the Legislative Assembly
[edit]The following list contains all members of Kerala legislative assembly who have represented Palakkad Niyamasabha Constituency during the period of various assemblies:[4]
Election | Niyama Sabha | Name | Party | Tenure | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Madras State | |||||
1952 | 1st | K. Ramakrishnan | Independent politician | 1952 – 1957 | |
Kerala State | |||||
1957 | 1st | R. Raghava Menon | Indian National Congress | 1957 – 1960 | |
1960 | 2nd | 1960 – 1965 | |||
1967 | 3rd | R. Krishnan | Communist Party of India | 1967 – 1970 | |
1970 | 4th | 1970 – 1977 | |||
1977 | 5th | C. M. Sundaram | Praja Socialist Party | 1977 – 1980 | |
1980 | 6th | 1980 – 1982 | |||
1982 | 7th | 1982 – 1987 | |||
1987 | 8th | 1987 – 1991 | |||
1991 | 9th | Indian National Congress | 1991 – 1996 | ||
1996 | 10th | T. K. Noushad | Communist Party of India | 1996 – 2001 | |
2001 | 11th | K. Sankaranarayanan | Indian National Congress | 2001 – 2006 | |
2006 | 12th | K. K. Divakaran | Communist Party of India | 2006 – 2011 | |
2011 | 13th | Shafi Parambil | Indian National Congress | 2011 – 2016 | |
2016 | 14th | 2016 – 2021 | |||
2021 | 15th | 2021 – 11-June-2024 |
Election history
[edit]Election | Votes polled | Winner | Runner-up 1 | Runner-up 2 | Margin of victory | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | Name | Party | Votes | Name | Party | Votes | Name | Party | Votes | Votes | Percent | |||||
Kerala State | ||||||||||||||||
2021 | 142104 | Shafi Parambil | INC | 54079 | 38.06% | E. Sreedharan | BJP | 50220 | 35.34% | C. P. Pramod | CPI(M) | 36433 | 25.64% | 3859 | 2.71 % | |
2016 | 137804 (77.25%) | Shafi Parambil | INC | 57559 | 41.77% | Sobha Surendran | BJP | 40076 | 29.08% | N. N. Krishnadas | CPI(M) | 38675 | 28.07% | 17483 | 12.69%[5] | |
2011 | 112347 (72.78%) | Shafi Parambil | INC | 47641 | 42.41% | K. K. Divakaran | CPI(M) | 40238 | 35.82% | C. Udaybhaskar | BJP | 22317 | 19.86% | 7403 | 6.59%[6] | |
Major delimitation of constituency | ||||||||||||||||
2006 | 111346 (71.60%) | K. K. Divakaran | CPI(M) | 41166 | 36.97% | A. V. Gopinathan | INC | 39822 | 35.76% | O. Rajagopal | BJP | 27667 | 24.85% | 1344 | 1.21%[7] | |
2001 | 110964 (68.05%) | K. Sankaranarayanan | INC | 53831 | 48.51% | T. K. Noushad | CPI(M) | 43026 | 38.77% | Rema Raghunandan | BJP | 12159 | 10.96% | 10805 | 9.74%[8] | |
1996 | 89872 (62.06%) | T. K. Noushad | CPI(M) | 39198 | 43.20% | C. M. Sundaram | INC | 38602 | 42.54% | S. R. Balasubramanian | BJP | 11446 | 12.61% | 596 | 0.66%[9] | |
1991 | 91895 (66.34%) | C. M. Sundaram | INC | 41432 | 45.09% | M.S. Gopalakrishnan | CPI(M) | 37925 | 41.27% | T. M. P. Iyer | BJP | 10648 | 11.59% | 3507 | 3.82%[10] | |
1987 | 87434 (76.18%) | C. M. Sundaram | Ind. | 38774 | 44.35% | Girija Surendran | CPI(M) | 32709 | 37.41% | V. S. Muthuswamy | BJP | 12489 | 14.28% | 6065 | 6.94%[11] | |
1982 | 65246 (68.47%) | C. M. Sundaram | Ind. | 29011 | 44.46% | N. A. Kareem | Ind. | 25841 | 39.61% | O. Rajagopal | BJP | 9554 | 14.64% | 3170 | 4.86%[12] | |
1980 | 62884 (60.57%) | C. M. Sundaram | Ind. | 35902 | 57.09% | K. A. Chandran | INC(U) | 25695 | 40.86% | C. K. Chinnan Master | Ind. | 1099 | 1.75% | 10207 | 16.23%[13] | |
1977 | 60315 (74.92%) | C. M. Sundaram | Ind. | 30160 | 50.00% | R. Krishnan | CPI(M) | 27357 | 45.36% | V. R. Purushothaman | Ind. | 1121 | 1.86% | 2803 | 4.65%[14] | |
Major delimitation of constituency | ||||||||||||||||
1970 | 57068 (69.92%) | R. Krishnan | CPI(M) | 23113 | 40.50% | A. Chandran Nair | Ind. | 17653 | 30.93% | O. Rajagopal | BJS | 15646 | 27.42% | 5460 | 9.57%[15] | |
1967 | 45494 (68.75%) | R. Krishnan | CPI(M) | 24627 | 54.13% | K. Sankaranarayanan | INC | 14996 | 32.96% | O. Rajagopal | BJS | 4649 | 10.22% | 9631 | 21.17%[16] | |
1965 | 42804 (66.23%) | M. V. Vasu | CPI(M) | 17747 | 41.46% | K. Pyarijan Sunna Saheb | INC | 13260 | 30.98% | P. K. Krishnaswamy | Ind. | 5279 | 12.33% | 4487 | 10.48%[17] | |
Major delimitation of constituency | ||||||||||||||||
1960 | 51334 (80.64%) | R. Raghava Menon | INC | 26546 | 51.71% | K. C. Gopalanunni | CPI | 24788 | 48.29% | Only two candidates contested | 1758 | 3.42%[18] | ||||
1957 | 35179 (59.31%) | R. Raghava Menon | INC | 14873 | 42.28% | M. P. Kunhiraman | CPI | 14248 | 40.50% | C. K. Moosath | Ind. | 6058 | 17.22% | 625 | 1.78%[19] | |
Madras State | ||||||||||||||||
1952 | 45555 (59.29%) | K. Ramakrishnan | Ind. | 26469 | 58.10% | P. Vasu Menon | INC | 14342 | 31.48% | V. Echara Menon | Ind. | 2484 | 5.45% | 12127 | 26.62%[20] |
Detailed election results
[edit]Percentage change (±%) denotes the change in the number of votes from the immediate previous election.
Niyamasabha by-election 2024
[edit]Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
INC | Rahul Mamkootathil | ||||
BJP | C. Krishnakumar | ||||
LDF | P. Sarin | ||||
NOTA | None of the above | ||||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
gain from | Swing |
Niyamasabha election 2021
[edit]There were 1,88,789 eligible voters in Palakkad Constituency for the 2021 Kerala Niyamasabha election.[21]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
INC | Shafi Parambil | 54,079 | 38.06 | 3.71 | |
BJP | E. Sreedharan | 50,220 | 35.34 | 6.26 | |
CPI(M) | C. P. Pramod | 36,433 | 25.64 | 2.43 | |
NOTA | None of the above | 528 | 0.37 | 0.15 | |
Margin of victory | 3,859 | 2.71 | 12 | ||
Turnout | 1,42,104 | 75.44 | 1.81 | ||
INC hold | Swing | 3.71 |
Local Self Governed Segment wise Results 2021
Status (Gram panchayat/municipality) | Votes | ||
---|---|---|---|
UDF | NDA | LDF | |
Palakkad | 27,905 | 34,143 | 16,455 |
Pirayiri | 12,815 | 6,355 | 6,614 |
Mathur | 6,445 | 3,960 | 6,475 |
Kannadi | 5,965 | 4,697 | 6,078 |
Niyamasabha election 2016
[edit]There were 1,78,387 eligible voters in Palakkad Constituency for the 2016 Kerala Niyamasabha election.[22]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
INC | Shafi Parambil | 57,559 | 41.77 | 0.64 | |
BJP | Sobha Surendran | 40,076 | 29.08 | 9.22 | |
CPI(M) | N. N. Krishnadas | 38,675 | 28.07 | 7.75 | |
NOTA | None of the above | 719 | 0.52 | ||
BSP | Hari Arumbil | 411 | 0.30 | 0.14 | |
Independent | Dr. M. N. Anwarudheen | 364 | 0.26 | ||
Margin of victory | 17,483 | 12.69 | 6.10 | ||
Turnout | 1,37,804 | 77.25 | 4.47 | ||
INC hold | Swing | 0.64 |
Niyamasabha election 2011
[edit]There were 1,54,374 eligible voters in Palakkad Constituency for the 2011 Kerala Niyamasabha election.[23]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
INC | Shafi Parambil | 47,641 | 42.41 | 6.65 | |
CPI(M) | K. K. Divakaran | 40,238 | 35.82 | 1.15 | |
BJP | C. Udaybhaskar | 22,317 | 19.86 | 4.98 | |
Independent | Shaji Abraham | 637 | 0.57 | ||
BSP | Hari Arumbil | 490 | 0.44 | ||
Independent | Muhammed Shafi | 377 | 0.34 | ||
AIADMK | C. Sampath | 337 | 0.30 | ||
Independent | Divakaran | 310 | 0.28 | ||
Margin of victory | 7,403 | 6.59 | 5.38 | ||
Turnout | 1,12,347 | 72.78 | 1.2 | ||
INC gain from CPI(M) | Swing | 6.65 |
Niyamasabha election 2006
[edit]There were 155,550 eligible voters in Palghat Constituency for the 2006 Kerala Niyamasabha election.[24]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CPI(M) | K. K. Divakaran | 41,166 | 36.97 | 1.8 | |
INC | A. V. Gopinathan | 39,822 | 35.76 | 12.75 | |
BJP | O. Rajagopal | 27,667 | 24.84 | 13.88 | |
Independent | Adv. Vijaya Sarathy | 765 | 0.68 | ||
BSP | A. K. Saleem Aamayur | 490 | 0.44 | ||
Independent | A. Gopinathan | 442 | 0.39 | ||
Independent | Ravi Ezhavan | 409 | 0.36 | ||
Independent | V. V. Gopinath | 329 | 0.29 | ||
Independent | M. J. Joseph | 256 | 0.22 | ||
Margin of victory | 1,344 | 1.21 | 8.53 | ||
Turnout | 111,346 | 71.58 | 3.53 | ||
CPI(M) gain from INC | Swing | 1.8 |
Niyamasabha election 2001
[edit]There were 163,131 eligible voters in Palghat Constituency for the 2001 Kerala Niyamasabha election.[25]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
INC | K. Sankara Narayanan | 53,831 | 48.51 | 5.97 | |
CPI(M) | T. K. Noushad | 43,026 | 38.77 | 4.43 | |
BJP | Adv. Rema Regunandan | 12,159 | 10.96 | 1.65 | |
Independent | G. Balu | 847 | 0.76 | ||
Independent | K. Aruchamy | 765 | 0.69 | ||
Independent | M. J. Joseph | 336 | 0.30 | ||
Margin of victory | 10,805 | 9.74 | 9.08 | ||
Turnout | 110,964 | 68.05 | 6.57 | ||
INC gain from CPI(M) | Swing | 5.97 |
Niyamasabha election 1996
[edit]There were 149,171 eligible voters in Palghat Constituency for the 1996 Kerala Niyamasabha election.[26]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CPI(M) | T. K. Noushad | 39,198 | 43.20 | 1.93 | |
INC | C. M. Sundaram | 38,602 | 42.54 | 2.55 | |
BJP | S. R. Balasubramanian | 11,446 | 12.61 | 1.02 | |
PDP | C. G. Mani | 400 | 0.44 | New | |
Independent | S. V. Iyer | 414 | 0.45 | ||
JP | M. Sivanarayanan | 296 | 0.33 | 0.03 | |
Independent | P. P. Memon | 229 | 0.25 | 0.8 | |
Independent | G. P. Ganapathi Tharakan | 157 | 0.17 | ||
Independent | P. V. Chidambareswaran | 75 | 0.08 | ||
Margin of victory | 596 | 0.66 | 3.16 | ||
Turnout | 90,735 | 61.48 | 4.86 | ||
CPI(M) gain from INC | Swing | 1.93 |
Niyamasabha election 1991
[edit]There were 140,683 eligible voters in Palghat Constituency for the 1991 Kerala Niyamasabha election.[27]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
INC | C. M. Sundaram | 41,432 | 45.09 | 0.74 | |
CPI(M) | M. S. Gopalakrishnan | 37,925 | 41.27 | 3.86 | |
BJP | T. M. P. Iyer | 10,648 | 11.59 | 2.69 | |
Independent | A. K. Ponnan | 846 | 0.92 | ||
Independent | S. V. Iyer | 414 | 0.45 | ||
Independent | M. Sivanarayanan | 278 | 0.30 | ||
Independent | K. Appukuttan | 193 | 0.21 | ||
Independent | P. P. Memon | 159 | 0.17 | 0.08 | |
Margin of victory | 3,507 | 3.82 | 3.12 | ||
Turnout | 91,895 | 66.34 | 9.84 | ||
INC hold | Swing | 0.74 |
Niyamasabha election 1987
[edit]There were 115,949 eligible voters in Palghat Constituency for the 1987 Kerala Niyamasabha election.[28]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independent | C. M. Sundaram | 38,774 | 44.35 | 0.11 | |
CPI(M) | Girija Sundaram | 32,709 | 37.41 | ||
BJP | V. S. Muthuswamy | 12,489 | 14.28 | 0.36 | |
Independent | V. Krishnadas | 2,530 | 2.89 | ||
Independent | P. Ramakrishnan Nair | 304 | 0.35 | ||
Independent | P. Velayudhan | 233 | 0.27 | ||
Independent | P. K. T. Kuttan | 171 | 0.20 | ||
Independent | P. P. Memon | 76 | 0.09 | 0.10 | |
Independent | S. Raveendran Pillai | 71 | 0.08 | ||
Independent | K. Anpunathan | 40 | 0.05 | ||
Independent | P. M. Abdul Rahiman | 37 | 0.04 | ||
Margin of victory | 6,065 | 6.94 | 2.08 | ||
Turnout | 87,433 | 76.18 | 7.71 | ||
Independent hold | Swing | 0.11 |
Niyamasabha election 1982
[edit]There were 96,367 eligible voters in Palghat Constituency for the 1982 Kerala Niyamasabha election.[29]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independent | C. M. Sundaram | 29,011 | 44.46 | 12.63 | |
Independent | N. A. Kareem | 25,841 | 39.61 | ||
BJP | O. Rajagopal | 9,554 | 14.64 | New | |
Independent | K. Narayanakutty | 147 | 0.23 | ||
Independent | P. P. Menon | 121 | 0.19 | ||
Independent | K. K. A. Razack | 118 | 0.18 | ||
Independent | Mani | 112 | 0.17 | ||
Independent | Sivanandan Panickar | 100 | 0.15 | ||
Independent | A. T. Antony Thoma | 97 | 0.15 | ||
Independent | Manikkath Krishna Menoon | 75 | 0.11 | ||
Independent | P. Parvathy Subbaraman | 70 | 0.11 | ||
Margin of victory | 3,170 | 4.86 | 11.37 | ||
Turnout | 65,246 | 68.47 | 7.9 | ||
Independent hold | Swing | 12.63 |
Niyamasabha election 1980
[edit]There were 104,428 eligible voters in Palghat Constituency for the 1980 Kerala Niyamasabha election.[30]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independent | C. M. Sundaram | 35,902 | 57.09 | 7.09 | |
INC(U) | K. A. Chandran | 25,695 | 40.86 | ||
Independent | C. K. Chinnan Master | 1,099 | 1.75 | ||
Independent | K. Appukuttan | 118 | 0.30 | ||
Margin of victory | 10,207 | 16.23 | 11.58 | ||
Turnout | 62,884 | 60.57 | 15.13 | ||
Independent hold | Swing | 7.09 |
Niyamasabha election 1977
[edit]There were 84,546 eligible voters in Palghat Constituency for the 1977 Kerala Niyamasabha election.[31]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independent | C. M. Sundaram | 30,160 | 50.00 | ||
CPI(M) | R. Krishnan | 27,357 | 45.36 | 4.86 | |
Independent | V. P. Purushothaman | 1,121 | 1.86 | ||
Independent | Josepaul | 739 | 1.23 | ||
Margin of victory | 2,803 | 4.65 | 4.92 | ||
Turnout | 60,315 | 75.70 | 5.78 | ||
Independent gain from CPI(M) | Swing |
Niyamasabha election 1970
[edit]There were 83,098 eligible voters in Palghat Constituency for the 1970 Kerala Niyamasabha election.[32]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CPI(M) | R. Krishnan | 22,113 | 40.50 | 13.63 | |
Independent | A. Chandran Nair | 17,653 | 30.93 | ||
ABJS | O. Rajagopalan | 15,646 | 27.42 | 17.2 | |
Independent | M. P. Narayana Menon | 656 | 1.15 | ||
Margin of victory | 5,460 | 9.57 | 11.6 | ||
Turnout | 57,068 | 69.92 | 1.17 | ||
CPI(M) hold | Swing | 13.63 |
Niyamasabha election 1967
[edit]There were 69,273 eligible voters in Palghat Constituency for the 1967 Kerala Niyamasabha election.[33]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CPI(M) | R. Krishnan | 24,627 | 54.13 | 12.67 | |
INC | K. Sankaranarayanan | 14,996 | 32.96 | 1.98 | |
ABJS | O. Rajagopalan | 4,649 | 10.22 | 3.49 | |
SWA | A. R. Rajagopalan | 1,222 | 2.69 | ||
Margin of victory | 9,631 | 21.17 | 10.69 | ||
Turnout | 45,494 | 68.75 | 2.52 | ||
CPI(M) hold | Swing | 12.67 |
Niyamasabha election 1965
[edit]There were 65,960 eligible voters in Palghat Constituency for the 1965 Kerala Niyamasabha election.[34]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CPI(M) | M. V. Vasu | 17,747 | 41.46 | New | |
INC | K. Pyarijan Sunna Sahib | 13,260 | 30.98 | 20.73 | |
Independent | P. K. Krishnaswamy | 5,279 | 12.33 | ||
Independent | O. Rajagopalan | 2,879 | 6.73 | ||
CPI | C. K. Gopalanunni | 2,251 | 5.26 | 43.03 | |
Independent | R. G. Narayana Iyer | 1,388 | 3.24 | ||
Margin of victory | 4,487 | 10.48 | 7.06 | ||
Turnout | 42,804 | 66.23 | 14.41 | ||
CPI(M) gain from INC | Swing |
Niyamasabha election 1960
[edit]There were 64,542 eligible voters in Palghat Constituency for the 1960 Kerala Niyamasabha election.[35]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
INC | R. Raghava Menon | 26,546 | 51.71 | 9.43 | |
CPI | C. K. Gopalanunni | 24,788 | 48.29 | 7.79 | |
Margin of victory | 1,758 | 3.42 | 1.64 | ||
Turnout | 51,334 | 80.64 | 21.33 | ||
INC hold | Swing | +9.43 |
Niyamasabha election 1957
[edit]There were 59,314 eligible voters in Palghat Constituency for the 1957 Kerala Niyamasabha election.[36]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
INC | R. Raghava Menon | 14,873 | 42.28 | 10.8 | |
CPI | M. P Kunhiraman | 14,248 | 40.50 | New | |
Independent | C. K Moosath | 6,058 | 17.22 | New | |
Margin of victory | 625 | 1.78 | 24.84 | ||
Turnout | 35,179 | 59.31 | 0.02 | ||
INC gain from Independent | Swing | 10.8 |
1952
[edit]There were 76,828 eligible voters in Palghat Constituency for the 1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election.[37]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independent | K. Ramakrishnan | 26,469 | 58.10 | New | |
INC | P. Vasu Menon | 14,342 | 31.48 | New | |
Independent | M. Echara Menon | 2,484 | 5.45 | New | |
Independent | R. V. Sarma | 2,260 | 4.96 | New | |
Margin of victory | 12,127 | 26.62 | |||
Turnout | 45,555 | 59.29 | |||
Independent win (new seat) |
See also
[edit]- Palakkad
- Palakkad district
- List of constituencies of the Kerala Legislative Assembly
- 2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
References
[edit]- ^ "State Assembly Constituencies in Kerala" (PDF). www.ceo.kerala.gov.in.
- ^ "VT Balram or Rahul Mamkootathil? Shafi Parambil resigns as Palakkad MLA". Kaumadionline. 11 June 2024.
- ^ "Local Self Governments in Assembly Constituencies of Palakkad District". www.ceo.kerala.gov.in.
- ^ "Members of Kerala Legislative Assembly: Palakkad". www.mapsofindia.com.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha election 2016". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha election 2011". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha election 2006". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha election 2001". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha election 1996". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha election 1991". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha election 1987". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha election 1982". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha election 1980". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha election 1977". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha election 1970". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha election 1967". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha election 1965". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha election 1960". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha election 1957". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Madras State election 1952". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha Election Results 2021, Election commission of India". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 25 March 2020.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha Election Results 2016, Election commission of India". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 25 March 2020.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha Election Results 2011, Election commission of India". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 25 March 2020.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha Election Results 2006, Election commission of India". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha Election Results 2001, Election commission of India". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha Election Results 1996, Election commission of India". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha Election Results 1991, Election commission of India". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha Election Results 1987, Election commission of India". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha Election Results 1982, Election commission of India". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha Election Results 1980, Election commission of India". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha Election Results 1977, Election commission of India". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha Election Results 1970, Election commission of India". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha Election Results 1967, Election commission of India". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha Election Results 1965, Election commission of India". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha Election Results 1960, Election commission of India". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
- ^ "Kerala Niyamasabha Election Results 1957, Election commission of India". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
- ^ "Madras state election 1952". eci.gov.in. Retrieved 14 March 2020.