Patriotic hacking

This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these messages) The examples and perspective in this article deal primarily with Western culture and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject. You may improve this article, discuss the issue on the talk page, or create a new article, as appropriate. (March 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this message) This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Patriotic hacking" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this message) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

Patriotic hacking is a term for computer hacking or system cracking in which citizens or supporters of a country, traditionally industrialized Western countries but increasingly developing countries, attempt to perpetrate attacks on, or block attacks by, perceived enemies of the state.

Recent media attention has focused on efforts related to terrorists and their own attempts to conduct an online or electronic intifada - cyberterrorism. Patriot hacking is illegal in countries such as the United States yet is on the rise elsewhere. "The FBI said that recent experience showed that an increase in international tension was mirrored in the online world with a rise in cyber activity such as web defacements and denial of service attacks," according to the BBC.^[1]

At the onset of the War in Iraq in 2003, the FBI was concerned about the increase in hack attacks as the intensity of the conflict grew.^[2] Since then, it has been becoming increasingly popular in the North America, Western Europe and Israel.^{[citation needed]} These are the countries which have the greatest threat to Islamic terrorism and its aforementioned digital version.^[3]

Around the time of the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay, which was marred by unrest in Tibet, Chinese hackers claim to have hacked the websites of CNN (accused of selective reporting on the 2008 Lhasa riots^[4]) and Carrefour (a French shopping chain, allegedly supporting Tibetan independence),^[5] while websites and forums gave tutorials on how to launch a DDoS attack specifically on the CNN website.^{[citation needed][2]}

Indian hackers in 2015 took down thousands of Pakistani websites including pakistan.gov.pk and Right To Information Pakistan under the attack named as #OPvijaya under the leadership of In73ct0r d3vil. This attack is considered to be a patriotic move by Indian hackers. Government of India and India's NSA Ajit Dhoval showed support to the attack on his Twitter account.^[6][7]

The official websites of 10 different Indian universities were hacked and defaced in 2017. A group going by the name of ‘Pakistan Haxor Crew’ (PFC) claimed responsibility for the breach, saying it was retaliation for Pakistan’s railway ministry website being hacked by an Indian crew few days before this breach.^[8][9]

• 2007 cyberattacks on Estonia
• Black hat hacking
• Exploit (computer security)
• Cyber spying
• Cyber Storm Exercise
• Cyber warfare
• Grey hat
• Hacker (computer security)
• Hacker Ethic
• Hack value
• Hacktivism
• Internet vigilantism
• IT risk
• Metasploit
• Penetration test
• Vulnerability (computing)
• White hat (computer security)