Plains, Georgia

Plains, Georgia
City
Plains downtown storefronts in 2011
Plains downtown storefronts in 2011
Official seal of Plains, Georgia
Seal
Motto: 
"Home of the 39th President of the United States"[1]
Location in Sumter County, Georgia
Location in Sumter County, Georgia
Plains is located in Georgia
Plains
Plains
Location of Plains
Plains is located in the United States
Plains
Plains
Plains (the United States)
Coordinates: 32°2′1″N 84°23′36″W / 32.03361°N 84.39333°W / 32.03361; -84.39333
CountryUnited States
StateGeorgia
CountySumter
Established1885; 139 years ago (1885)
Government
 • MayorJoseph Recker Jr.
Area
[2]
 • Total0.81 sq mi (2.11 km2)
 • Land0.81 sq mi (2.11 km2)
 • Water0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2)
Elevation
499 ft (152 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total573
 • Density703.93/sq mi (271.76/km2)
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern (EST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
ZIP Code
31780
Area code229
FIPS code13-61628[3]
GNIS feature ID0356474[4]
Websiteplainsgeorgia.gov
[5]

Plains is a city in Sumter County, Georgia, United States. The population was 573 at the 2020 census and it is a part of the Americus Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is well known as the birthplace of Jimmy Carter and his wife Rosalynn, who were the president and first lady of the United States from 1977 to 1981. They lived in Plains both before and after their time in the White House.

History

[edit]

Originally inhabited by the Muscogee people,[6] three small settlements existed close to what would become Plains by the 1840s: Lebanon, Magnolia Springs, and Plains of Dura.[7] In 1885, a significant turning point occurred when a major east-west railroad extended into the area and led to the three settlements being consolidated into one.[8] As railway access expanded into the region in response to increased cotton farming, these settlements coalesced closer to the new railway location.[9] As businesses rapidly developed, local businessmen successfully petitioned the Georgia State Legislature to shorten "Plains of Dura" to simply "Plains".[6] The city was subsequently incorporated in 1896.[9] Plains continued to experience growth fueled by cotton cultivation into the early 20th century. A substantial school and the pioneering Wise Sanitarium were both built in the 1920s.[9] Despite branching into peanut cultivation,[9] the community lost much of its prosperity during the Great Depression.[7]

The city remained a small and quiet one until Plains native Jimmy Carter rose to political prominence as Georgia's governor in 1971, before becoming U.S. president from 1977 to 1981.[9] During the 1976 presidential election and for many years afterwards, the city saw a giant influx in tourism off the back of Carter's name, with nearly 10,000 people (around 18 times the population of Plains) pouring into the community daily.[10]

Geography

[edit]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.8 square miles (2.1 km2), all land. The city's boundary is in the shape of a circle.[11][12] It is located in west-south-western Georgia, 120 miles (190 km) due south of Atlanta.

Points of interest

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Many of the town’s attractions are related to the Jimmy Carter National Historical Park. Carter's high school, birthplace, campaign headquarters, former site of family business, and his brother Billy's service station are all within a close vicinity of one another in the center of town. The iconic Smiling Peanut Statue, a gift to Carter from supporters in Evansville, Indiana, lies on the outskirts of town. His boyhood home is in nearby Archery.

Andersonville National Historic Site and the National Prisoner of War Museum are located in the vicinity of Plains. Georgia Southwestern State University is located in the nearby town of Americus. Westville, a re-created town depicting the living history of mid-19th-century Georgia, is located in the nearby town of Lumpkin.

Climate

[edit]

This area climate is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Plains has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.[13]

Climate data for Plains, Georgia
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 57
(14) 		61
(16) 		68
(20) 		77
(25) 		84
(29) 		89
(32) 		91
(33) 		90
(32) 		86
(30) 		78
(26) 		69
(21) 		60
(16) 		76
(24)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 35
(2) 		37
(3) 		44
(7) 		51
(11) 		60
(16) 		67
(19) 		69
(21) 		69
(21) 		64
(18) 		53
(12) 		44
(7) 		37
(3) 		52
(11)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 4.9
(120) 		4.6
(120) 		5.2
(130) 		3.5
(89) 		3.3
(84) 		4.7
(120) 		5.2
(130) 		4.5
(110) 		3.5
(89) 		2.4
(61) 		3.3
(84) 		4.2
(110) 		49.4
(1,250)
Source: Weatherbase[14]

Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1870374—
188045922.7%
189051011.1%
1900290−43.1%
191040740.3%
192047917.7%
1930406−15.2%
1940364−10.3%
1950359−1.4%
1960273−24.0%
1970236−13.6%
1980231−2.1%
199028623.8%
2000283−1.0%
2010776174.2%
2020573−26.2%
U.S. Decennial Census[15]
1850-1870[16] 1870-1880[17]
1890-1910[18] 1920-1930[19]
1940[20] 1950[21] 1960[22]
1970[23] 1980[24] 1990[25]
2000[26] 2010[27] 2020[28]
Plains, Georgia – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2000[29] Pop 2010[27] Pop 2020[28] % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 238 392 239 37.36% 50.52% 41.71%
Black or African American alone (NH) 379 331 307 59.50% 42.65% 53.58%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 0 0 1 0.00% 0.00% 0.17%
Asian alone (NH) 0 0 3 0.00% 0.00% 0.52%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 0 0 0 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Other race alone (NH) 0 0 0 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) 2 2 5 0.31% 0.26% 0.87%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 18 51 18 2.83% 6.57% 3.14%
Total 637 776 573 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

As of the 2000 census,[3] there were 637 people, 215 households, and 136 families residing in the city. The population density was 780.0 inhabitants per square mile (301.2/km2). There were 244 housing units at an average density of 298.8 per square mile (115.4/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 38.62% White, 59.81% African American, 1.26% from other races, and 0.31% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.83% of the population. There were 215 households, out of which 25.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.7% were married couples living together, 24.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.3% were non-families. 34.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.31.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 24.6% under the age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 16.5% from 25 to 44, 20.3% from 45 to 64, and 30.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females, there were 69.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 58.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $26,719, and the median income for a family was $29,375. Males had a median income of $24,375 versus $16,406 for females. The per capita income for the city was $11,602. About 22.2% of families and 25.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 47.2% of those under age 18 and 17.3% of those age 65 or over.

Notable residents

[edit]
Jimmy Carter cycling in Plains, 2008

Former President Jimmy Carter was born in Plains at the Wise Sanitarium, now renamed the Lillian G. Carter Nursing Center in honor of his mother. His wife Rosalynn and their daughter Amy were also born in Plains, as were his younger brother Billy, younger sister Gloria, youngest sister Ruth, and cousin Hugh. When he left office in 1981, Carter and his wife returned to live in the home in Plains they have occupied since 1961; Rosalynn died in November 2023.

Education

[edit]

It is in the Sumter County School District.[30]

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References

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  1. ^ "Official Page of the City of Plains, Georgia". Official Page of the City of Plains, Georgia. Retrieved September 4, 2012.
  2. ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 18, 2021.
  3. ^ a b "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  4. ^ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. October 25, 2007. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  5. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
  6. ^ a b "Official Page of the City of Plains ::". www.plainsgeorgia.org.
  7. ^ a b "Plains Historic District - Jimmy Carter National Historic Site (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov.
  8. ^ "Plains Historic District". National Park Service. Retrieved November 28, 2023.
  9. ^ a b c d e "Plains". New Georgia Encyclopedia.
  10. ^ Buccellato, Robert (2016). Jimmy Carter in Plains: The Presidential Hometown. Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 978-1467115414.
  11. ^ "Map of Plains, Georgia". Archived from the original on July 27, 2011. Retrieved May 29, 2021.
  12. ^ "Enigma, Georgia: Mystery of the South's Circular Towns". Big Think. May 2014. Retrieved October 28, 2022.
  13. ^ "Plains, Georgia Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)". Weatherbase.
  14. ^ "Weatherbase.com". Weatherbase. 2013. Retrieved on October 16, 2013.
  15. ^ "Decennial Census of Population and Housing by Decade". US Census Bureau.
  16. ^ "1870 Census of Population - Georgia - Population of Civil Divisions less than Counties" (PDF). US Census Bureau. 1870.
  17. ^ "1880 Census of Population - Georgia - Population of Civil Divisions less than Counties" (PDF). US Census Bureau. 1880.
  18. ^ "1910 Census of Population - Georgia" (PDF). US Census Bureau. 1930.
  19. ^ "1930 Census of Population - Georgia" (PDF). US Census Bureau. 1930. p. 251-256.
  20. ^ "1940 Census of Population - Georgia" (PDF). US Census Bureau. 1940.
  21. ^ "1950 Census of Population - Georgia" (PDF). US Census Bureau. 1980.
  22. ^ "1960 Census of Population - Population of County Subdivisions - Georgia" (PDF). US Census Bureau. 1960.
  23. ^ "1970 Census of Population - Population of County Subdivisions - Georgia" (PDF). US Census Bureau. 1970.
  24. ^ "1980 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Georgia" (PDF). US Census Bureau. 1980.
  25. ^ "1990 Census of Population - Summary Social, Economic, and Housing Characteristics - Georgia" (PDF). US Census Bureau. 1990.
  26. ^ "2000 Census of Population - General Population Characteristics - Georgia" (PDF). US Census Bureau. 2000.
  27. ^ a b "P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Plains city, Georgia". United States Census Bureau.
  28. ^ a b "P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Plains city, Georgia". United States Census Bureau.
  29. ^ "P004 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Plains city, Georgia". United States Census Bureau.
  30. ^ "2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Sumter County, GA" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved October 1, 2024. - Text list
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