Rhododendron subsect. Ledum
Rhododendron subsect. Ledum | |
---|---|
Rhododendron columbianum (Ledum glandulosum) | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
Order: | Ericales |
Family: | Ericaceae |
Genus: | Rhododendron |
Subgenus: | Rhododendron subg. Rhododendron |
Section: | Rhododendron sect. Rhododendron |
Subsection: | R. subsect. Ledum (L.) Kron & Judd |
Species | |
See text |
Ledum was a genus in the family Ericaceae, including eight species of evergreen shrub native to cool temperate and subarctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere and commonly known as Labrador tea. It is now recognised as a subsection of section Rhododendron, subgenus Rhododendron, of the genus Rhododendron.
Description
[edit]Ledum species often grow together with poisonous plants such as bog-laurel and bog-rosemary, but certain species (e.g. L. groenlandicum and L. palustre) are easily distinguished by the distinctive rust coloured fuzz on the bottom of leaves.
Taxonomy
[edit]Reclassification into Rhododendron
[edit]Recent genetic evidence has shown that the species previously treated in this genus are correctly placed in the genus Rhododendron, where they are now treated as Rhododendron subsect. Ledum.[1] Because some of the species names used in Ledum could not be used in Rhododendron (the names already having been used for other species already in this large genus), new names had to be coined for them.[2]
Species
[edit]The species listed in genus Ledum (accepted and synonyms), with their current accepted names are:
Ledum species | Author | GBIF status | TPL status | GBIF Accepted species | Author | GBIF status | TPL Accepted species | Author | TPL status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ledum | L. | Accepted[Ledum 1] | |||||||
Ledum angustifolium | Hort. ex Lavallée | Accepted[Ledum 2] | |||||||
Ledum buxifolium | Bergius | Synonym[Ledum 3] | Kalmia buxifolia | (Bergius) Gift & Kron | Accepted[Kalmia 1] | ||||
Ledum californicum | Kellogg | Synonym[Ledum 4] | Ledum glandulosum | Accepted[Ledum 5] | |||||
Ledum columbianum | Piper | Synonym[Ledum 6] | Accepted[Ledum 7] | Rhododendron columbianum | (Piper) Harmaja | Accepted[Rhody 1] | |||
Ledum decumbens | (Ait.) Lodd. | Synonym[Ledum 8] | Rhododendron tomentosum subsp. decumbens | (Aiton) Elven & D.F.Murray | Accepted[Rhody 2] | ||||
Ledum decumbens | (Ait.) Lodd. ex Steud. | Synonym[Ledum 9] | Synonym[Ledum 10] | Rhododendron tomentosum subsp. decumbens | (Aiton) Elven & D.F.Murray | Accepted[Rhody 2] | Ledum palustre subsp. decumbens | Accepted[Ledum 11] | |
Ledum decumbens | Small | Accepted[Ledum 12] | Accepted[Ledum 13] | ||||||
Ledum glandulosum | Nutt. | Synonym[Ledum 14] | Accepted[Ledum 5] | Rhododendron neoglandulosum | Harmaja | Accepted[Rhody 3] | |||
Ledum glandulosum subsp. glandulosum | Synonym[Ledum 15] | Ledum glandulosum | Accepted[Ledum 5] | ||||||
Ledum glandulosum var. californicum | (Kellogg) C.L.Hitchc. | Synonym[Ledum 16] | Ledum glandulosum | Accepted[Ledum 5] | |||||
Ledum glandulosum var. glandulosum | Synonym[Ledum 17] | Ledum glandulosum | Accepted[Ledum 5] | ||||||
Ledum groenlandicum | Oeder | Synonym[Ledum 18] | Synonym[Ledum 19] | Rhododendron groenlandicum | (Oeder) K.A.Kron & W.S.Judd | Accepted[Rhody 4] | Ledum palustre subsp. groenlandicum | Accepted[Ledum 20] | |
Ledum groenlandicum | Retz. | Accepted[Ledum 21] | |||||||
Ledum groenlandicum f. denudatum | Vict. & J.Rousseau | Accepted[Ledum 22] | |||||||
Ledum groenlandicum subsp. glandulosum | (Nutt.) Á.Löve & D.Löve | Synonym[Ledum 23] | Synonym[Ledum 24] | Rhododendron neoglandulosum | Harmaja | Accepted[Rhody 3] | Ledum glandulosum | Accepted[Ledum 5] | |
Ledum groenlandicum var. aridiphilum | D.Löve | Accepted[Ledum 25] | |||||||
Ledum hypoleucum | Kom. | Synonym[Ledum 26] | Synonym[Ledum 27] | Rhododendron diversipilosum | (Nakai) H.Harmaja | Accepted[Rhody 5] | Rhododendron hypoleucum | (Kom.) Harmaja | Accepted[Rhody 6] |
Ledum idahoensis | Accepted[Ledum 28] | ||||||||
Ledum macrophyllum | Tolm. | Synonym[Ledum 29] | Accepted[Ledum 30] | Rhododendron diversipilosum | (Nakai) H.Harmaja | Accepted[Rhody 5] | |||
Ledum maximum | (Nakai) A.P.Khokhr. & M.T.Mazurenko | Synonym[Ledum 31] | Accepted[Ledum 32] | Rhododendron tomentosum | Harmaja | Accepted[Rhody 7] | |||
Ledum palustre | L. | Synonym[Ledum 33] | Accepted[Ledum 34] | Rhododendron tomentosum | Harmaja | Accepted[Rhody 7] | |||
Ledum palustre | Michx. | Synonym[Ledum 35] | Rhododendron groenlandicum | (Oeder) K.A.Kron & W.S.Judd | Accepted[Rhody 4] | ||||
Ledum palustre f. decumbens | (Aiton) Y.L.Chou & S.L.Tung | Synonym[Ledum 36] | Ledum palustre subsp. decumbens | Accepted[Ledum 11] | |||||
Ledum palustre subsp. angustissimum | Worosch. | Synonym[Ledum 37] | Rhododendron subulatum | (Nakai) Harmaja | Accepted[Rhody 8] | ||||
Ledum palustre subsp. decumbens | (Aiton) Hultén | Accepted[Ledum 11] | |||||||
Ledum palustre subsp. diversipilosum | Hara | Synonym[Ledum 38] | Ledum macrophyllum | Accepted[Ledum 30] | |||||
Ledum palustre subsp. groenlandicum | (Oeder) Hultén | Synonym[Ledum 39] | Accepted[Ledum 20] | Rhododendron groenlandicum | (Oeder) K.A.Kron & W.S.Judd | Accepted[Rhody 4] | |||
Ledum palustre var. angustifolium | Hook. | Accepted[Ledum 40][a] | |||||||
Ledum palustre var. angustum | E.A.Busch | Synonym[Ledum 41] | Ledum palustre | Accepted[Ledum 34] | |||||
Ledum palustre var. decumbens | Aiton | Synonym[Ledum 42] | Ledum palustre subsp. decumbens | Accepted[Ledum 11] | |||||
Ledum palustre var. diversipilosum | Nakai | Synonym[Ledum 43] | Synonym[Ledum 44] | Rhododendron diversipilosum | (Nakai) H.Harmaja | Accepted[Rhody 5] | Ledum macrophyllum | Accepted[Ledum 30] | |
Ledum palustre var. latifolium | (Jacq.) Hook. | Synonym[Ledum 45] | Rhododendron groenlandicum | (Oeder) K.A.Kron & W.S.Judd | Accepted[Rhody 4] | ||||
Ledum palustre var. latifolium | (Jacq.) Michx. | Synonym[Ledum 46] | Rhododendron groenlandicum | (Oeder) K.A.Kron & W.S.Judd | Accepted[Rhody 4] | ||||
Ledum palustre var. maximum | Nakai | Synonym[Ledum 47] | Ledum maximum | Accepted[Ledum 32] | |||||
Ledum palustre var. palustre | Synonym[Ledum 48] | Ledum palustre | Accepted[Ledum 34] | ||||||
Ledum palustre var. subulatum | Nakai | Synonym[Ledum 49] | Rhododendron subulatum | (Nakai) Harmaja | Accepted[Rhody 9] | ||||
Ledum serpyllifolium | Accepted[Ledum 50] | ||||||||
Ledum subulatum | (Nakai) A.P.Khokhr. & M.T.Mazurenko | Synonym[Ledum 51] | Synonym[Ledum 52] | Rhododendron subulatum | (Nakai) Harmaja | Accepted[Rhody 8] | Rhododendron subulatum | (Nakai) Harmaja | Accepted[Rhody 9] |
Species references
[edit]Ledum
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum L." GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum angustifolium Hort. ex Lavallée". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=tro-50176889 Coming soon
- ^ TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=tro-50092423 Coming soon
- ^ a b c d e f TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=tro-12300614 Coming soon
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum columbianum Piper". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=tro-12300613 Coming soon
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum decumbens (Ait.) Loddiges". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum decumbens (Ait.) Loddiges ex Steudel". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=kew-2349911 Coming soon
- ^ a b c d TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=kew-2355735 Coming soon
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum decumbens Small". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=tro-12300073 Coming soon
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum glandulosum Nutt". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=tro-12302631 Coming soon
- ^ TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=tro-12300615 Coming soon
- ^ TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=tro-12302504 Coming soon
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum groenlandicum Oeder". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=kew-2349909 Coming soon
- ^ a b TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=kew-2355734 Coming soon
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum groenlandicum Retz". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum groenlandicum f. denudatum Vict. & J.Rousseau". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum groenlandicum var. aridiphilum D.Löve". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=tro-50298977 Coming soon
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum groenlandicum var. aridiphilum D.Löve". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum hypoleucum Komarov". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=tro-12303119 Coming soon
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum idahoensis". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum macrophyllum Tolm". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ a b c TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=tro-12300074 Coming soon
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum maximum (Nakai) A.P.Khokhrjakov & M.T.Mazurenko". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ a b TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=tro-50194624 Coming soon
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum palustre L." GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ a b c TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=kew-2349893 Coming soon
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum palustre Michx". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=tro-50156076 Coming soon
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum palustre subsp. angustissimum Worosch". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=tro-12303120 Coming soon
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum palustre subsp. groenlandicum (Oeder) Hulten". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum palustre var. angustifolium Hook". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=tro-50156075 Coming soon
- ^ TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=kew-2355732 Coming soon
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum palustre var. diversipilosum Nakai". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=tro-12303121 Coming soon
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum palustre var. latifolium (Jacq.) Hook". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum palustre var. latifolium (Jacq.) Michx". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=tro-50194625 Coming soon
- ^ TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=tro-50156073 Coming soon
- ^ TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=tro-50194628 Coming soon
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum serpyllifolium". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Ledum subulatum (Nakai) A.P.Khokhrjakov & M.T.Mazurenko". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ TPL Reference: group=Ledum name=tro-50194629 Coming soon
Rhododendron
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Rhododendron columbianum (Piper) Harmaja". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ a b GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Rhododendron tomentosum subsp. decumbens (Aiton) Elven & D.F.Murray". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ a b GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Rhododendron neoglandulosum Harmaja". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ a b c d e GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Rhododendron groenlandicum (Oeder) K.A. Kron & W.S. Judd". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ a b c GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Rhododendron diversipilosum (Nakai) H. Harmaja". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ TPL Reference: group=Rhody name=tro-50303827 Coming soon
- ^ a b GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Rhododendron tomentosum Harmaja". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ a b GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Rhododendron subulatum (Nakai) Harmaja". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ a b TPL Reference: group=Rhody name=tro-50223463 Coming soon
Other
- ^ TPL Reference: group=Kalmia name=tro-50310693 Coming soon
Hybrids
[edit]Natural hybrids (nothospecies) also occur.
- Ledum columbianum = Rhododendron × columbianum (R. groenlandicum × R. neoglandulosum) is listed by Harri Harmaja as a natural hybrid.[2]
- Rhododendron vanhoeffeni Abromeit[3] is a probably hybrid between Ledum palustre subsp. decumbens and Rhododendron lapponicum.[2]
Uses
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/LedumEssOil.png/170px-LedumEssOil.png)
Some species (e.g. L. groenlandicum) have been used to produce Labrador tea. Other species have varying levels of toxicity (e.g. L. glandulosum). Evergreen Labrador Tea grows slowly, but retains its leaves year-round. Users should take care not to over-harvest leaves from any single plant.
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ This is an inconsistency in GBIF data: the species name is a "Synonym" but a variety is "Accepted".
References
[edit]- ^ Harmaja 1991.
- ^ a b c Kihlman 2004
- ^ GBIF Secretariat, ed. (2016). "Rhododendron vanhoeffeni Abromeit". GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Retrieved 2017-09-21.
Bibliography
[edit]- Judd, Walter S. & Kron, Kathleen A. (2009). "Rhododendron Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 392. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 185. 1754". Flora of North America. Vol. 8.
- Kron, Kathleen A. & Judd, Walter S. (1990). "Phylogenetic Relationships within the Rhodoreae (Ericaceae) with Specific Comments on the Placement of Ledum". Systematic Botany. 15 (1): 57–68. doi:10.2307/2419016. ISSN 0363-6445. JSTOR 2419016.
- Harmaja, Harri (1990). "New names and nomenclatural combinations in Rhododendron (Ericaceae)". Ann. Bot. Fennici. 27 (2): 203–204. JSTOR 23725435.
- Harmaja, Harri (1991). "Taxonomic notes on Rhododendron subsection Ledum (Ledum, Ericaceae), with a key to its species". Ann. Bot. Fennici. 28 (2): 171–173. JSTOR 23725406.
- Harmaja, Harri (1999). "Rhododendron diversipilosum, comb. nov. (Ericaceae)" (PDF). Ann. Bot. Fennici. 35: 263–264.
- Harmaja, Harri (2002). "Rhododendron subulatum, comb. nova (Ericaceae)" (PDF). Ann. Bot. Fennici. 39: 183–184.
- Kihlman, Bengt A. (2004). "Hybrids Between Ledums and Lepidote Rhododendrons". Journal of the American Rhododendron Society. 58 (2): 74–81.