French
DeutschRibes divaricatum
| Ribes divaricatum | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Saxifragales |
| Family: | Grossulariaceae |
| Genus: | Ribes |
| Species: | R. divaricatum |
| Binomial name | |
| Ribes divaricatum | |
| Synonyms[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] | |
Ribes divaricatum is a species in the genus Ribes found in the forests, woodlands, and coastal scrub of western North America from British Columbia to California.[10][11] The three accepted varieties have various common names which include the word "gooseberry". Other common names include coast black gooseberry, wild gooseberry,[12] Worcesterberry,[13] or spreading-branched gooseberry.[13]
Description
[edit]Ribes divaricatum is a shrub sometimes reaching 3 metres (10 feet) in height with woody branches with one to three thick brown spines at leaf nodes. The leaves are borne on petioles, up to 6 centimetres (2+1⁄4 inches) long[citation needed] and 2.5–6.5 cm (1–2+1⁄2 in) wide.[14] They are generally palmate in shape, 3–5 lobed and edged with teeth.[14]
The inflorescence is a small cluster of hanging flowers, each with reflexed purple-tinted green sepals and smaller, white[14] to red petals encircling long, protruding stamens. The fruit is a sweet-tasting purplish-black berry[14] up to 1 cm (1⁄2 in) wide.
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Leaf -
Spine close-up -
Flowers
Similar species
[edit]It is similar to Ribes lacustre and R. lobbii, but the former has smaller, reddish to maroon flowers and the latter has reddish flowers that resemble those of fuchsias and sticky leaves.[15]
Taxonomy
[edit]- Ribes divaricatum var. divaricatum, or spreading gooseberry is found in Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia.[17]
- Ribes divaricatum var. parishii, called Parish's gooseberry, is found only in California.[18][19]
- Ribes divaricatum var. pubiflorum, known as straggly gooseberry is native to both California and Oregon.[20][21]
Uses
[edit]The berries are ripe when black and edible.[22]
The fruit was food for a number of Native American groups of the Pacific Northwest, and other parts of the plant, especially the bark, was used for medicinal purposes.[23]
References
[edit]- ^ a b The original description of this species was published in Transactions, of the Horticultural Society of London, 7: 515. 1830. "Plant Name Details for Ribes divaricatum". IPNI. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
- ^ a b USDA PLANTS, name search: Ribes divaricatum
- ^ Ribes divaricatum var. douglasii was published in Mémoires de la Société de Physique et d'Histoire Naturelle de Genève. 35: 391. 1907. Geneva & Paris. "Plant Name Details for Ribes divaricatum var. douglasii". IPNI. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
- ^ Grossularia divaricata was published in North American Flora xxii. 224 (1908). New York Botanical Garden. "Plant Name Details for Grossularia divaricata". IPNI. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
- ^ R. d. var. glabriflorum was published in Deutsche Dendrologie. 200. 1893. "Plant Name Details for Ribes divaricatum var. glabriflorum". IPNI. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
- ^ R. d. var. rigidum was published in Leaflets of Western Botany 7: 182. 1954. San Francisco, California. "Plant Name Details for Ribes divaricatum var. rigidum". IPNI. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
- ^ R. parishii was published in Muhlenbergia; a Journal of Botany. 1: 134. 1904. Lancaster, Pennsylvania, and Los Gatos, California. "Plant Name Details for Ribes parishii". IPNI. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
- ^ R. d. ssp. parishii was published in Kalmia; Botanic Journal. 12: 24 (1982). Levittown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania "Plant Name Details for Ribes divaricatum ssp. parishii". IPNI. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
- ^ R. d. var. montanum was published in Mémoires de la Société de Physique et d'Histoire Naturelle de Genève. 35: 391. 1907. Geneva & Paris. "Plant Name Details for Ribes divaricatum var. montanum". IPNI. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
- ^ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
- ^ Calflora taxon report, University of California, Ribes divaricatum Douglas spreading gooseberry
- ^ "Ribes divaricatum". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved December 24, 2017.
- ^ a b "Ribes divaricatum". RHS Plants. Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 2014-11-04.
- ^ a b c d Turner, Mark; Kuhlmann, Ellen (2014). Trees & Shrubs of the Pacific Northwest (1st ed.). Portland, OR: Timber Press. p. 203. ISBN 978-1-60469-263-1.
- ^ Flora of North America, Ribes divaricatum Douglas, 1830. Straggly gooseberry
- ^ "Profile for Ribes divaricatum (spreading gooseberry)". PLANTS Database. USDA, NRCS. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
- ^ "Profile for Ribes divaricatum var. divaricatum (spreading gooseberry)". PLANTS Database. USDA, NRCS. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
- ^ "Profile for Ribes divaricatum var. parishii (Parish's gooseberry)". PLANTS Database. USDA, NRCS. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
- ^ R. d. var. parishii was published in A Flora of California. 2: 151. 1936. Berkeley, London, San Francisco. "Plant Name Details for Ribes divaricatum var. parishii". IPNI. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
- ^ "Profile for Ribes divaricatum var. pubiflorum (straggly gooseberry)". PLANTS Database. USDA, NRCS. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
- ^ R. d. var. pubiflorum was published in Deutsche Dendrologie. 200. 1893. "Plant Name Details for Ribes divaricatum var. pubiflorum". IPNI. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
- ^ Thompson, Anthony Keith (2014-10-03). Fruit and Vegetables: Harvesting, Handling and Storage. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9781118654019.
- ^ Dan Moerman. "Search for Ribes divaricatum". Native American Ethnobotany Database. Dearborn, Michigan: University of Michigan. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
External links
[edit]
Media related to Ribes divaricatum at Wikimedia Commons- Jepson Manual Treatment
- Calphotos Photo gallery, University of California: var. pubiflorum
