Royal Thai Air Force

Royal Thai Air Force
กองทัพอากาศไทย Kong Thap Akat Thai
Badge of the Royal Thai Air Force
Founded	2 November 1913; 111 years ago (1913-11-02)
Country	Thailand
Type	Air force
Role	Aerial warfare Anti-aircraft warfare
Size	46,000 active personnel[1] 469 Aircraft
Part of	Royal Thai Armed Forces
Headquarters	Don Muang Air Base, Bangkok
Nickname(s)	"ทอ." "Thor Or" Abbreviation of Air Force "ทัพฟ้า" "Thap Fah" Sky Army
Motto(s)	น่านฟ้าไทย จะมิให้ใครมาย่ำยี "The Thai airspace, none shall ever invade"
Colours	Blue
March	Thai: มาร์ชกองทัพอากาศ "Royal Thai Air Force March"
Anniversaries	9 April 1937 (Royal Thai Air Force Day)
Engagements	World War I European theatre Western Front Hundred Days Offensive Meuse–Argonne offensive Interwar period Boworadet Rebellion World War II Franco-Thai War Pacific War Japanese invasion of Thailand Battle of Prachuap Khiri Khan Malayan campaign Burma campaign Japanese invasion of Burma Burma campaign (1942–1943) Battle of Northern Burma and Western Yunnan Burma campaign (1944) Burma campaign (1944–1945) South-East Asian Theatre Bombing of Bangkok Cold War Cold War in Asia Decolonisation of Asia Korean War Malayan Emergency Indochina Wars Vietnam War Laotian Civil War Cambodian Civil War Communist insurgency in Thailand Communist insurgency in Malaysia Third Indochina War Cambodian conflict (1979–1998) Cambodian–Vietnamese War Vietnamese border raids in Thailand Thai–Laotian Border War Persian Gulf War 1999 East Timorese crisis International Force East Timor War on drugs Internal conflict in Myanmar Operation Border Post 9631 2010–2012 Myanmar border clashes Global War on Terrorism Operation Enduring Freedom Iraq War OEF – Afghanistan OEF – Horn of Africa 2003 Phnom Penh riots Operation Pochentong Southern Insurgency Cambodian–Thai border dispute United Nations peacekeeping UNIKOM ONUB UNTAET UNAMID UNAMA UNMIS FCU UNTAC Battle of Marawi 2023 Sudan conflict Battle of Khartoum (2023) Evacuation from Sudan (2023)
Website	rtaf.mi.th
Commanders
Commander-in-Chief	Air Chief Marshal Punpakdee Pattanakul
Insignia
Roundel
Fin flash
Flag
Aircraft flown
Electronic warfare	Saab 340 AEW&C
Fighter	JAS-39C/D, F-16, F-5, Alpha Jet
Helicopter	S-70i, Bell 412, S-92, EC725
Reconnaissance	Saab 340B, DA42 MPP, P.180 Avanti
Trainer	CT/4, T-41D, PC-9, DA42, T-50TH, T-6TH
Transport	C-130, BT-67, ATR-72, Boeing 737, A320, A340, SSJ-100-95LR

The Royal Thai Air Force (RTAF) (Thai: กองทัพอากาศไทย; RTGS: Kong Thap Akat Thai) is the air force of the Kingdom of Thailand. Since its establishment in 1913 as one of the earliest air forces of Asia, the Royal Thai Air Force has engaged in numerous major and minor conflicts. During the Vietnam War era, the RTAF was supplied with USAF-aid equipment.

Belgian pilot Charles Van Den Born performed a flying demonstration over Bangkok in January 1911, greatly impressing Prince Chakrabongse Bhuvanath, brother of King Vajiravudh, and he even accepted an invitation for a flight. Chakrabongse sent three army officers to France, who began flight training at Vélizy-Villacoublay in July 1912. The officers became qualified aviators a year later. Soon after, Sra Pathum airfield was established along with a temporary hangar to house planes and also host flight training. In late 1913, the three new aviators returned home after arranging for the purchase of four Nieuport monoplanes and a Bréguet biplane. The aviation section put on a demonstration in January 1914, gaining the support of the King and a permanent aviation group was established and an air base at Don Muang was assigned, as the Royal Aeronautical Service, under Army control. ^{[2][3] [4]}

Siam entered World War I with the Allies in July 1917, and a Siamese Expeditionary Force of around 1,200 men was sent to France, arriving in June 1918. Among them were 370 pilots and groundcrew, including more than 100 officers who were sent to flight school first at Istres and Avord, and then at Istres, Le Crotoy, La Chapelle-la-Reine, Biscarosse and Piox. Eventually, The 95 pilots who qualified as military aviators flew a few operational sorties in the closing weeks of the war but suffered no casualties, nor scored any kills. Their training did mean that Siam entered the post-World War I period with one of the best equipped and trained air forces in Asia.^[5][6]

In the 1930s the Royal Aeronautical Service began to replace French aircraft with American designs, purchasing more than 95 aircraft, including the Boeing P-12E, Curtiss Hawks, and Vought Corsairs. The air force was formally separated into its own branch, the Royal Siamese Air Force, in April 1937 and five operational wings were established. In 1939, when Siam became Thailand, the service was renamed the Royal Thai Air Force.^[3] At the end of 1940, the RTAF once again saw combat, this time in the Franco-Thai War, a border conflict against French Indochina. The RTAF operated in the Mekong Delta, attacking ground forces and gunboats and defending against French bombing raids, until a ceasefire was arranged in January 1941. Later that year, on 7 December, Thailand was invaded by Japan. The RTAF took an active role in the resistance. Combat Wings 1 and 5 engaged significantly more advanced Japanese aircraft over Thailand's eastern border, but suffered heavy losses, including almost 30 percent of Wing 5, before a cease-fire took effect the following day.^[7]

The Air Force is commanded by the Commander of the Royal Thai Air Force (ผู้บัญชาการทหารอากาศไทย). The Royal Thai Air Force Headquarters is located in Don Muang Airbase, Bangkok, Thailand.

The RTAF consists of headquarters and five groups: command, combat, support, education and training, and special services.^[8]

• Royal Flight Aircraft Administrative Center
• Royal Flight Helicopter Administrative Center
• Air Warfare Center
• Office of Public Sector Development, RTAF
• Office of Intellectual Development, RTAF

• RTAF Secretariat
• Directorate of Administrative Service
• Directorate of Personnel
• Directorate of Intelligence
• Directorate of Operations
• Directorate of Logistics
• Directorate of Civil Affairs
• Directorate of Information and Communications Technology
• Office of the RTAF Comptroller
• Directorate of Finance
• Directorate of Inspector General
• Office of RTAF Internal Audit
• Office of RTAF Safety
• Office of RTAF Judge Advocate

The Royal Thai Air Force Combat Group is divided into 11 wings plus a training school, plus a few direct-reporting units.^[8]

The following squadrons are currently active with the Royal Thai Air Force.^[8]

Don Muang

Korat

Takhli

Ubon

Udorn

Hat Yai

Surat Thani

Chiang Mai

Prachuap Khiri Khan

Phitsanulok

Kamphang Saen

Khok Ka Thiem

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Air bases of the Royal Thai Air Force

• Directorate of Aeronautical Engineering
• Directorate of Communications and Electronics
• Directorate of Armament
• Directorate of Quartermaster
• Directorate of Civil Engineering
• Directorate of Transportation
• RTAF Software Center

First set up in 1913 in the same year as the Air Force, providing nursing services only, and over the years has gradually expanded. It operates Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital and Royal Thai Air Force Hospital in Bangkok, as well as smaller hospitals at each wing. The directorate has made a teaching agreement with the Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University to train students at Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, accepting about 30 students per academic year.

The Chief of the Air Force has envisioned and identified weaknesses in procurement software, which include limitations regarding copyright usage, maintenance, envisioning obstacles, and expanding usage to cover and cater to the needs of the Air Force. Consequently, there has been an initiation to ethically software development, independently, for the first time. This encompasses care from artificial intelligence systems, Big Data, Avionics software, strategic planning software, and support technology for the future, leading to the ISO 29110 software development standard. This initiative has also propelled the consideration to establish a comprehensive software-focused unit within the Air Force.

• Directorate of Education and Training
• Air War College
• Air Command and Staff College
• Senior Air Officer School
• Squadron Officer School
• Officer Training School
• Academy Instructor School
• Non-Commissioned Officer School
• Air Technical Training School
• RTAF Language Center
• Personal Testing Center
• Technical Service Division
• Chaplain Division
• Navaminda Kasatriyadhiraj Royal Thai Air Force Academy

• Research and Development Center for Space and Aeronautical Science and Technology
• Directorate of Welfare
• Office of Don Mueang RTAF Base Commander
• Institute of Aviation Medicine

The RTAF Security Force Command (Thai: หน่วยบัญชาการอากาศโยธิน) is a Division size unit in the Royal Thai Air Force. It has been in existence since 1937. They are based near Don Mueang International Airport. The RTAF Security Force Command is the main air force ground forces and special forces which providing light infantry for anti-hijacking capabilities, protecting air bases and high value assets, protecting international airport in insurgent areas. It also serves as the Royal Thai Air Force Special Operations Regiment (RTAF SOR) which consists of various units such as Combat Control Team (CCT), Pararescue Jumpers (PJs), Tactical Air Control Party (TACP).^[16] Royal Thai Air Force Security Force Command consist of 3 main regiments and multiple support units. Additionally, one separated air base protection battalions and one separated anti-aircraft battalions are station in each air bases.

The Royal Thai Air Force maintains a number of modern bases which were constructed between 1954 and 1968, have permanent buildings and ground support equipment.

All but one were built and used by United States forces until their withdrawal from Thailand in 1976 when the RTAF took over the installations at Takhli and Nakhon Ratchasima (Korat). In the late 1980s, these bases and Don Muang Air Base outside Bangkok, which the air force shares with civil aviation, remain the primary operational installations.

Maintenance of base facilities abandoned by the United States (Ubon, Udorn) proved costly and exceeded Thai needs; they were turned over to the Department of Civil Aviation for civil use. Nonetheless, all runways were still available for training and emergency use.

By 2004 the Royal Thai Air Force had its main base at Don Muang airport, adjacent to Don Mueang International Airport. The RTAF also had large air fields and facilities at Nakon Ratchasima Ubon Ratchathani, and Takhli.

RTAF budgets are shown below by fiscal year (FY):^[30]

Rank group	General/flag officers										Senior officers						Junior officers
Royal Thai Air Force[32] v t e
	จอมพลอากาศ Chom phon akat		พลอากาศเอก Phon akat ek		พลอากาศโท Phon akat tho		พลอากาศตรี Phon akat tri				นาวาอากาศเอก Nawa akat ek		นาวาอากาศโท Nawa akat tho		นาวาอากาศตรี Nawa akat tri		เรืออากาศเอก Ruea akat ek		เรืออากาศโท Ruea akat tho			เรืออากาศตรี Ruea akat tri

Rank group	Senior NCOs																						Junior NCOs						Enlisted
Royal Thai Air Force[32] v t e																																			No insignia
	พันจ่าอากาศเอก Phan cha akat ek						พันจ่าอากาศโท Phan cha akat tho		พันจ่าอากาศตรี Phan cha akat tri								จ่าอากาศเอก Cha akat ek						จ่าอากาศโท Cha akat tho						จ่าอากาศตรี Cha akat tri						พลทหาร Phon thahan

1919 — 1940 1945 — present	1940 — 1941	1941 — 1945

1919 — 1941 1945 — present	1941 — 1945

The Siam Cup BJJ (Brazilian jiu-jitsu) International tournament was held at the Show DC stadium in Bangkok from 2017 in cooperation with the Arete BJJ dōjō, hosted by the Royal Thai Air Force.^{[33][34][35][36][37]} Each year, the tournament brings together more than 400 fighters from more than 50 countries to compete.^[38][39][40] The Siam Cup BJJ 2021 was scheduled to take place on May 8, but due to restrictions imposed for COVID-19 during the coronavirus pandemic, the Thai government temporarily postponed all sporting events.^[41]

• Royal Thai Air Force Museum
• Royal Thai Armed Forces Headquarters
• Military of Thailand
• Royal Thai Army
• Royal Thai Navy
• Royal Thai Police
• Napa-1

Notes

Bibliography

• Media related to Royal Thai Air Force at Wikimedia Commons
• RTAF Official website (English version)
• Royal Thai Air Force Whitebook on Gripen program (Thai)
• Royal Thai Air Force Press Release on Gripen program (Eng)^{[permanent dead link‍]}
• Royal Thai Air Force VDO on Gripen program (Thai)
• Royal Thai Air Force Museum Many Historical Aircraft Here (English Page available)
• Reports with drawings and pictures about the Royal Thai Air Force
• Early history of the Airports of Thailand Authority
• Japanese Aircraft In Royal Thai Air Force and Royal Thai Navy Service During WWII at j-aircraft.com