French
DeutschSamtredia
Samtredia სამტრედია | |
|---|---|
 Samtredia Theatre | |
  Samtredia Location of Samtredia in Georgia  Samtredia Samtredia (Imereti) | |
| Coordinates: 42°09′45″N 42°20′30″E / 42.16250°N 42.34167°E | |
| Country |  Georgia (country) |
| Mkhare | Imereti |
| District | Samtredia |
| Established | 1921 |
| Elevation | 25 m (82 ft) |
| Population (January 1, 2024)[1] | |
• Total | 21,063 |
| Time zone | UTC+4 (Georgian Time) |
| Climate | Cfa |
 | |
Samtredia (Georgian: სამტრედია [samtʼɾedia]) is a town in Imereti, Georgia, lying in a lowland between the rivers Rioni and Tskhenis-Tsqali, 244 km (152 mi) west of the capital Tbilisi, and 27 km (17 mi) west of Georgia's third largest city Kutaisi. Georgia's most important roads and railways converge there, making Samtredia the country's vital transport hub. The Kopitnari Airport is also located in 10 km (6 mi) from Samtredia. The town's population is 25,318 as of the 2014 all-Georgia census.[2] The climate is humid subtropical, with mild and warm winters and hot summers.[3]
History
[edit]
Samtredia evolved from a crucial railway junction in the 1870s and acquired town status in 1921. In the 1895s there was built the first school in town, 14th public school which today is known as 12th public school. Under Soviet rule, the local economy diversified from transportation to food and wood production.
Due to its strategic location, Samtredia played a prominent role in the civil unrest early in the 1990s when anti-Soviet opposition groups blocked the Samtredia junction from July 26 to 31 1990 in order to force the Soviet Georgian leadership to adopt a liberal election code.[4] The junction was again blocked in March–April 1991, this time by the new government of Zviad Gamsakhurdia, in an attempt to exert pressure on the central Soviet authorities. This blockade, however, inflicted heavy damage not only to the economy of Georgia but to the neighbouring Armenia, which was largely dependent on Georgia’s railways.
In 1993, Samtredia became one of the major battlegrounds in the Georgian Civil War in which the forces loyal to the ousted President Gamsakhurdia confronted the post-coup government troops, and briefly controlled the town from October 17 to October 23, 1993, putting all communications to Tbilisi under threat.[5] Although Samtredia has been stable ever since, the post-Soviet crisis resulted in a significant economic decline that have since only been partially reversed.
Climate
[edit]| Climate data for Samtredia, 26 m asl (1971–2000 normals) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 21.8 (71.2) | 24.6 (76.3) | 28.8 (83.8) | 33.3 (91.9) | 35.7 (96.3) | 39.5 (103.1) | 41.1 (106.0) | 39.3 (102.7) | 36.5 (97.7) | 32.4 (90.3) | 29.5 (85.1) | 23.8 (74.8) | 41.1 (106.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 9.0 (48.2) | 9.7 (49.5) | 14.2 (57.6) | 20.7 (69.3) | 23.8 (74.8) | 27.4 (81.3) | 28.1 (82.6) | 28.7 (83.7) | 26.3 (79.3) | 21.9 (71.4) | 15.6 (60.1) | 11.0 (51.8) | 19.7 (67.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 5.7 (42.3) | 6.0 (42.8) | 9.6 (49.3) | 14.9 (58.8) | 18.1 (64.6) | 22.0 (71.6) | 23.7 (74.7) | 23.9 (75.0) | 20.9 (69.6) | 16.7 (62.1) | 11.5 (52.7) | 7.5 (45.5) | 15.0 (59.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 2.3 (36.1) | 2.3 (36.1) | 4.9 (40.8) | 9.0 (48.2) | 12.5 (54.5) | 16.5 (61.7) | 19.3 (66.7) | 19.1 (66.4) | 15.6 (60.1) | 11.5 (52.7) | 7.3 (45.1) | 3.9 (39.0) | 10.4 (50.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −11.4 (11.5) | −10.4 (13.3) | −9 (16) | −2.9 (26.8) | 3.2 (37.8) | 7.6 (45.7) | 12.0 (53.6) | 11.2 (52.2) | 5.8 (42.4) | 0.6 (33.1) | −2.5 (27.5) | −5.6 (21.9) | −11.4 (11.5) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 208.2 (8.20) | 136.4 (5.37) | 101.2 (3.98) | 79.0 (3.11) | 72.2 (2.84) | 105.0 (4.13) | 112.5 (4.43) | 117.9 (4.64) | 124.3 (4.89) | 140.0 (5.51) | 176.0 (6.93) | 185.8 (7.31) | 1,558.5 (61.34) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) | 14.8 | 12.2 | 11.0 | 8.8 | 9.4 | 10.3 | 9.1 | 8.3 | 8.7 | 9.0 | 12.5 | 13.5 | 127.6 |
| Source 1: Météo climat stats[6] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Météo Climat [7] | |||||||||||||
Notable people
[edit]- Kakha Kaladze – Incumbent mayor of Tbilisi, former defender of Dynamo Kyiv, A.C. Milan and Georgia national football team ex-captain.
- Andrea Razmadze - Mathematician, co-founder of Tbilisi State University.
- Solomon Kvirkvelia – Georgian football player
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Population by regions". National Statistics Office of Georgia. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
- ^ "მოსახლეობის საყოველთაო აღწერა 2014". საქართველოს სტატისტიკის ეროვნული სამსახური. November 2014. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
- ^ Samtredia Municipality.[permanent dead link] Imereti regional administration. Accessed on May 1, 2008.
- ^ Jonathan Wheatley (2005), Georgia from National Awakening to Rose Revolution: Delayed Transition in the Former Soviet Union, p. 52. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., ISBN 0-7546-4503-7.
- ^ Cornell, Svante (2001), Small Nations and Great Powers: A Study of Ethnopolitical Conflict in the Caucasus, p. 173. Routledge, ISBN 0-7007-1162-7.
- ^ "Moyennes 1981–2010 Géorgie" (in French). Retrieved 11 November 2019.
- ^ "Météo Climat stats for Samtredia". Météo Climat. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
