Sanjō, Niigata

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Sanjō 三条市
City
View from Osakiyama Park Terrace
Flag Seal
Location of Sanjō in Niigata
Sanjō
Coordinates: 37°38′12.4″N 138°57′42″E / 37.636778°N 138.96167°E / 37.636778; 138.96167
Country	Japan
Region	Chūbu (Kōshin'etsu) (Hokuriku)
Prefecture	Niigata
Government
• Mayor	Ryo Takizawa (from November 2020)
Area
• Total	431.97 km2 (166.78 sq mi)
Population  (July 1, 2019)
• Total	95,706
• Density	220/km2 (570/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+9 (Japan Standard Time)
Phone number	0256-34-5511
Address	2-3-1 Asahi-chō, Sanjō-shi, Niigata-ken 955-8686
Climate	Cfa
Website	Official website
Symbols
Bird	Chicken (Shiba jidori)
Flower	Liliaceae, Iris ensata, Sunflower
Tree	Japanese White Pine, Taxus cuspidata

Sanjō (三条市, Sanjō-shi) is a city located in Niigata Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 July 2019^[update], the city had an estimated population of 95,706 in 36,201 households,^[1] and a population density of 222 persons per km². The total area of the city was 431.97 square kilometres (166.78 sq mi).

Sanjō is located in an inland region of north-central Niigata Prefecture. It is about 2 hours from Tokyo via the Jōetsu Shinkansen or 4 hours on the Kan-Etsu Expressway and Hokuriku Expressway. The Shinano River flows through the west of it from south to north and the Ikarashi-gawa River flows through the centre of the urbanised area.

• Fukushima Prefecture
  • Tadami
• Niigata Prefecture
  • Aga
  • Gosen
  • Kamo
  • Mitsuke
  • Nagaoka
  • Niigata
  • Tsubame
  • Uonuma

Sanjō has a Humid climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm, wet summers and cold winters with heavy snowfall. The average annual temperature in Sanjō is 13.6 °C (56.5 °F). The average annual rainfall is 2,056.3 mm (80.96 in) with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.2 °C (79.2 °F), and lowest in January, at around 2.0 °C (35.6 °F).^[2]

Per Japanese census data,^[4] the population of Sanjō peaked at around 1985 and has declined steadily since.

The area of present-day Sanjō was part of ancient Echigo Province. During the Edo period, the area was part of Sanjō Domain, a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate from 1598 to 1651. Afterwards, it was divided between Nagaoka Domain, Murakami Domain and tenryō territory administered directly by the shogunate. After the start of the Meiji period, the area was organised as part of Minamikanbara District, Niigata. The town of Sanjō was created with the establishment of the modern municipalities system on April 1, 1889. It was raised to city status on January 1, 1934. Heavy rain causes extensive flooding in 1961 and in 2004. On May 1, 2005, the town of Sakae, and the village of Shitada (both from Minamikanbara District) were merged into Sanjō.^[5][6]

Sanjō has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city legislature of 22 members.^[7] On November 8, 2020, attorney Ryo Takizawa was elected to become the next mayor of Sanjō.^[8]

Sanjō is traditionally known for its iron crafts, notably knives and scissors. The following are headquartered in Sanjō.

• Asano (manufacturer of commercial fishing equipment)
• Marunao (manufacturer of chopsticks)
• Snow Peak (manufacturer of high-end camping equipment)
• Suwada (manufacturer of nail care instruments)

It is also one of the municipalities where a local Factory Festival takes place once per year in October (Kouba no Saiten).

Sanjō has 25 public elementary schools and nine public middle schools operated by the city government. There are four public high schools operated by the Niigata Prefectural Board of Education, and the prefecture also operates one special education school.

JR East - Jōetsu Shinkansen

• Tsubame-Sanjō

JR East - Shin'etsu Main Line

• Obiori - Tōkōji - Sanjō - Higashi-Sanjō - Honai

JR East - Yahiko Line

• Tsubame-Sanjō - Kita-Sanjō - Higashi-Sanjō

• Hokuriku Expressway – Sanjō IC
• National Route 8
• National Route 289
• National Route 290
• National Route 403

• Vaughan, Ontario, Canada, since October 18, 1993^[9]
• Ezhou, China, since April 28, 1994^[9]

• Shohei Baba (baseball player, professional wrestler)
• Masayuki Kakefu (baseball player)
• Chihiro Kaneko (baseball player)^[10]
• Kumi Mizuno (motion picture actress)
• Tetsuji Morohashi (lexicographer)^[11]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sanjō, Niigata.

• Official Website (in Japanese)
• Slow and Steady Shitada, official website for the Shitada area of Sanjo, featuring many outdoor destinations and activities (in English)