Government of Syria

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Politics of Syria
Coat of arms of Syria
Polity type	Transitional government
Constitution	Constitution of Syria
Legislative branch
Name	People's Assembly
Type	Unicameral
Meeting place	Parliament Building
Presiding officer	Vacant, Speaker of the People's Council
Executive branch
Head of state
Title	President
Currently	Vacant
Appointer	Direct popular vote
Head of government
Title	Prime Minister
Currently	Mohammed al-Bashir
Appointer	President
Cabinet
Name	Cabinet of Syria
Leader	Prime Minister
Deputy leader	Deputy Prime Minister
Appointer	President
Ministries	28
Judicial branch
Name	Judiciary of Syria
Supreme Constitutional Court

Politics of Syria
Member State of the Arab League
Constitution Human rights
Executive President (list) Vacant Vice President Vacant Prime Minister (list) Mohammed al-Bashir Deputy Prime Minister Vacant
Legislature People's Assembly Speaker: Vacant
Judiciary High Judicial Council Supreme Constitutional Court
Subdivisions Governorates Districts Subdistricts (Nahiyas) Villages
Elections Recent elections Presidential: 2007 2014 2021 Parliamentary: 2016 2020 2024 Political parties
Foreign relations Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Expatriates Minister: TBA Diplomatic missions of / in Syria Syrian nationality law Passport Visa requirements Visa policy UN resolutions on Syria Status of the Golan Heights Syrian civil war
Other countries
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The politics of Syria is currently in a transitional period led by the Syrian transitional government. The seat of the government is located in Damascus, Syria. The previous government consisted of a President, a Prime Minister, and a legislative council with 250 seats.^[1]

On 8 December 2024, after the successful Syrian rebel offensives resulted in the fall of Damascus and the ouster of former president Bashar al-Assad, many former government officials under Assad's regime fled to neighboring countries for sanctuary. Tahrir al-Sham, the dominant opposition faction, has tasked Prime Minister Mohammed al-Bashir of the Syrian Salvation Government to head the transitional administration until 1 March 2025.^[2] The transitional period is expected to last until 2026.^[3]

Syria is currently led by a transitional caretaker administration, which is expected to serve until 1 March 2025 when a more comprehensive transitional government is expected to be formed to oversee the rest of the transitional period until 2026.^[4]

The cabinet performs the day-to-day administrative functions of government.^[6][7]

The People's Assembly is Syria's legislature. It has 250 members elected for a four-year term in 15 multi-seat constituencies. The Syrian constitution of 2012 introduced multi-party system without guaranteed leadership of any political party.^[19] After the collapse of the Assad Regime following successful rebel offensives late 2024, the People's Assembly was suspended on 13 December 2024 by the transitional authorities for three months.^[20]

Syria's judicial branches include the Supreme Constitutional Court, the High Judicial Council, the Court of Cassation, and the State Security Courts. Islamic jurisprudence is a main source of legislation and Syria's judicial system had elements of Ottoman, French, and Islamic laws. Syria had three levels of courts: courts of first instance, courts of appeals, and the constitutional court, the highest tribunal. Religious courts handle questions of personal and family law.^[21]

Syria is a member of the Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa, Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development, Arab Monetary Fund, Council of Arab Economic Unity, Customs Cooperation Council, Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia, Food and Agriculture Organization, Group of 24, Group of 77, International Atomic Energy Agency, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, International Civil Aviation Organization, International Chamber of Commerce, International Development Association, Islamic Development Bank, International Fund for Agricultural Development, International Finance Corporation, International Labour Organization, International Monetary Fund, International Maritime Organization, Intelsat, Interpol, International Olympic Committee, International Organization for Standardization, International Telecommunication Union, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, Non-Aligned Movement, Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, United Nations, UN Commission on Human Rights, UN Conference on Trade and Development, UN Industrial Development Organization, UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, Universal Postal Union, World Federation of Trade Unions, World Health Organization, World Meteorological Organization, and World Tourism Organization.

Syria's diplomats last sat on the UN Security Council (as a non-permanent member) in December 2003.

• The Syrian Constitution accessed 13 November 2012
• "Government of Syria portal before December 2024". Archived from the original on 9 December 2024.