Victor Spencer, 1st Viscount Churchill

The Viscount Churchill
The Viscount Churchill by Leslie Ward, 1904.
Lord-in-waiting
In office
1889–1892
Preceded byThe Earl of Hopetoun
Succeeded byThe Lord Playfair
In office
1895–1905
Preceded byThe Lord Camoys
Succeeded byThe Lord Denman
Personal details
Born
Victor Albert Francis Charles Spencer

(1864-10-23)23 October 1864
Died3 January 1934(1934-01-03) (aged 69)
Spouses
Lady Verena Maud Lowther
(m. 1887; div. 1927)
Christine McRae Sinclair
(m. 1927)
Children6
Parent(s)Francis Spencer, 2nd Baron Churchill
Jane Spencer, Baroness Churchill

Major Victor Albert Francis Charles Spencer, 1st Viscount Churchill GCVO JP (23 October 1864 – 3 January 1934), known as the Hon. Victor Albert Spencer until 1886 and as The Lord Churchill between 1886 and 1902, was a British peer and courtier. He was from the Spencer family.

Early life

[edit]

Spencer was born at 32, Albemarle Street, London, the son of Francis Spencer, 2nd Baron Churchill, and his wife Jane (née Conyngham). He was a Page of Honour to Queen Victoria from 1876 to 1881, and in 1886 he succeeded to his father's title of Baron Churchill. He was a grandson of Francis Spencer, 1st Baron Churchill.[1]

Educated at Eton College and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, he was commissioned into the Coldstream Guards[1][2] in 1884 as a lieutenant, staying in the Guards until 1889.[3]

Career

[edit]

On 12 July 1905 he was commissioned as a Major in the part-time Oxfordshire Imperial Yeomanry (Queen's Own Oxfordshire Hussars), which his father and grandfather had commanded, and in which several of his Spencer-Churchill kinsmen also served.[1][4] He was later a Lieutenant-Colonel in the Territorial Army Reserve and served as a temporary Colonel in Home Defence from 1915 to 1918.[1][3]

For Edward VII's coronation he served as lord chamberlain, and at the coronation of George V, he was Master of the Robes.[3] He was acting Master of the Buckhounds between 1900 and 1901 during the tenure of Charles Cavendish, the office holder, while Cavendish was in South Africa.[3][5]

Spencer was a Lord in Waiting from 1889 to 1892 and 1895 to 1905 in both of Salisbury's governments and was created Viscount Churchill, of Rolleston, in the County of Leicester, on 15 July 1902[1][6] (it had already been announced in the Coronation Honours list the previous month that he would be created a Viscount[7]).

Business career

[edit]

He was chairman and director of several transport companies, including the Great Western Railway 1908–34 and was the longest serving chairman of the company.[2] He was also a director of the British India Steamship Company, P&O and the Grand Union Canal.[1][3]

Personal life

[edit]

Lord Churchill married Lady Verena Maud Lowther, daughter of Henry Lowther, 3rd Earl of Lonsdale, at Cottesmore, Rutland, on 1 January 1887. They had four children:[1][2]

When she wished to divorce Lord Churchill, King Edward forbade it, to avoid a scandal among his social circle. Instead she disappeared in 1909 taking their son, aged 19, and two daughters, aged 13 and 8, with her. Lord Churchill placed an anonymous advertisement seeking information about his family's whereabouts, but the scandal soon became public. In 1927 he obtained a divorce on the grounds of desertion.[3][8] Churchill married as his second wife Christine McRae Sinclair, daughter of William Sinclair. They had two children:[1]

Lord Churchill died of pneumonia on 3 January 1934.[2]

Honours

[edit]
British honours
Foreign honours

Arms

[edit]
Coat of arms of Victor Spencer, 1st Viscount Churchill[12]
Crest
Out of a ducal Coronet or, a griffin’s head between two Wings expanded argent, gorged with a bar gemel gules, armed gold.
Escutcheon
Quarterly: 1st & 4th, quarterly argent and gules, in the second and third quarters charged with a fret or, over all on a bend sable with three escallops argent (Spencer); 2nd & 3rd, Sable, a lion rampant argent, on a canton of the last, a cross gules (Churchill).
Supporters
Dexter: A griffin wings erect per fess argent and or gorged with a collar of the last, thereon three escallops sable, line reflexed over the back also or. Sinister: A wyvern the wings erect gules, collared as the dexter.
Motto
Dieu defend le droit (God defend the right).
Orders
Royal Victorian Order (Knight Grand Cross - GCVO)

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage, 100th Edn, London, 1953.
  2. ^ a b c d "Great Western Chairmen". The Great Western Archive. John Daniel. Retrieved 5 April 2017.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "LORD CHURCHILL, 69, DIES OF PNEUMONIA; Made Viscount in 1902, He Was Victoria's Godson and Lord-in~Waitingto 3 Rulers. EXECUTIVE OF RAILROAD Chairman of the Great Western Railway Was Banker and Ship Company Director". The New York Times. 4 January 1934. p. 19. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
  4. ^ Army List.
  5. ^ "No. 27243". The London Gazette. 2 November 1900. p. 6689.
  6. ^ "No. 27455". The London Gazette. 18 July 1902. p. 4586.
  7. ^ "The Coronation Honours". The Times. No. 36804. London. 26 June 1902. p. 5.
  8. ^ "Lady Churchill leaving her husband in 1909". Los Angeles Times. 12 December 1909. p. 1. Retrieved 12 April 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  9. ^ "No. 27493". The London Gazette (Supplement). 7 November 1902. pp. 7161–7163.
  10. ^ "Court Circular". The Times. No. 36922. London. 11 November 1902. p. 10.
  11. ^ "Court Circular". The Times. No. 36068. London. 17 February 1900. p. 11.
  12. ^ Burke's peerage and baronetage. 1970. p. 549.
[edit]
Court offices
Preceded by Page of Honour
1876–1881
Succeeded by
Preceded by His Majesty's Representative at Ascot
1901–1934
Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by Lord-in-waiting
1889–1892
Succeeded by
Preceded by Lord-in-waiting
1895–1905
Succeeded by
Peerage of the United Kingdom
New creation Viscount Churchill
1902–1934
Succeeded by
Preceded by Baron Churchill
1886–1934