Waipawa (New Zealand electorate)

Waipawa was a parliamentary electorate in the Hawke's Bay Region of New Zealand, from 1881 to 1946.

The previous electoral redistribution was undertaken in 1875 for the 1875–1876 election. In the six years since, New Zealand's European population had increased by 65%. In the 1881 electoral redistribution, the House of Representatives increased the number of European representatives to 91 (up from 84 since the 1875–76 election). The number of Māori electorates was held at four. The House further decided that electorates should not have more than one representative, which led to 35 new electorates being formed, including Waipawa, and two electorates that had previously been abolished to be recreated. This necessitated a major disruption to existing boundaries.^[1]

The legislation defined the area as follows:^[2]

This district is bounded towards the North by the Hawke's Bay Electoral District; towards the East by the sea; towards the South by the Waimata Stream to its source; thence by a right line to Trig. Station No. 41a; thence by a right line to Trig. Station on Whahatuaro; then by the Manawatu River to the Manawatu Gorge; thence towards the West by lines from peak to peak along the summit of the Ruahine Range to the Hawke's Bay Electoral District,

The Waipawa electorate was established for the 1881 election.^[3]

William Cowper Smith was the first representative. He was re-elected in 1884.^[4] From 1887 to 1890 Smith represented the Woodville electorate, which only existed for those three years.^[5]

The representative for Waipawa for the period from 1887 to 1890 was Thomas Tanner; he retired at the end of the parliamentary term.^[6] Tanner was succeeded by Smith in the 1890 election; Smith retired at the end of the parliamentary term.^[4]

Charles Hall represented Waipawa for the Liberal Party from 1893 to 1896, when he was defeated by George Hunter.^[7] Hall in turn defeated Hunter in the 1899 election and then served the electorate until 1911, when he retired.^[7] The 1911 election was won by Hunter, who continued to represent the electorate until 1930.^[8]

An interesting situation arose in 1928. D. B. Kent was originally announced as an independent Liberal-Labour candidate.^[9] He was then approached by the United Party and became their official candidate. The local supporters of the United Party had not been consulted on this, and did not support Kent, but backed Ernest Albert Goodger instead. Goodger thus stood as an independent United candidate.^[10] This split the United Party vote, but Hunter again won with an absolute majority.^[11]

Hunter's death on 20 August 1930^[8] caused the 1930 by-election, which was won by Albert Jull.^[12] Jull was confirmed by the voters in the 1931 election, but was defeated in 1935 election by Max Christie.^[13] Jull in turn defeated Christie in 1938, but he died on 24 September 1940.^[13] Jull was succeeded by Cyril Harker, who won the 1940 by-election. Harker was confirmed by the voters in the 1943 election. He served until the end of the parliamentary term in 1946,^[14] when the electorate was abolished.^[3]

The electorate was represented by seven Members of Parliament:^[3]

Key

  Independent   Liberal   Conservative   Reform   United   Labour   National

• The General Election, 1893. Government Printer. 1894. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
• The General Election, 1899. Wellington: Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives. 19 June 1900. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
• The General Election, 1925. Government Printer. 1926. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
• The General Election, 1928. Government Printer. 1929. Retrieved 29 November 2014.
• Hislop, J. (1915). The General Election, 1914. National Library. Retrieved 6 December 2014.
• Hislop, J. (1921). The General Election, 1919. National Library. Retrieved 6 December 2014.
• Hislop, J. (1923). The General Election, 1922. Government Printer. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
• Mansfield, F. W. (1906). The General Election, 1905. National Library. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
• Mansfield, F. W. (1909). The General Election, 1908. National Library. Retrieved 4 December 2014.
• Mansfield, F. W. (1912). The General Election, 1911. National Library. Retrieved 5 December 2014.
• McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
• Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.