French
DeutschWellingtonia Avenue
| Wellingtonia Avenue | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Route information | |
| Length | 1.1 km (0.68 mi) |
| Existed | 1860s–present |
| Location | |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Road network | |
Wellingtonia Avenue is a road in Crowthorne, Berkshire, UK. The road is lined with over one hundred giant sequoia trees, known at the time of planting as Wellingtonia.[1][2]
History
[edit]The road was built in 1863 through woodland known as Finchampstead Ridges to the east of Finchampstead. The woodland is now managed by the National Trust.[3] The road leads from the ridges in the west toward Wellington College in Crowthorne to the east.[4] The road's construction was initiated by John Walter from Bearwood House,[3] some 6.5 kilometres (4.0 mi) to the north-west.
The trees were planted in the early 1860s (most sources report around 1863 and 1865,[3][5][6][7] though other sources state the planting began as early as 1859[8] or 1861[9] or as late as 1869[3]) as a memorial to the Duke of Wellington, who had lived in the nearby Stratfield Saye estate. The two rows of trees forming the avenue are spaced 23 metres (75 ft) apart, with trees in each row separated by 16 metres (52 ft).[4][10] The total length of the avenue is approximately 1.1 kilometres (0.68 mi; 3,600 ft).[4]
In the third volume of Trees of Great Britain and Ireland, Henry John Elwes describes the avenue as "by far the best avenue of this tree that [he had] seen".[10] Similarly, Sir Herbert Maxwell described the trees as being "clothed with verdure from the ground to the summit"; and their effect being "very stately and impressive".[11]
Elwes commented on how the sandy soil suited the trees "remarkably well", and on the symmetry of the trees' tops and their uniformity. At the time of his study—in the early 1900s—he noted that the average height of the forty-year-old trees was 23 to 24.5 metres (75 to 80 ft), and that the tallest specimen he measured was 26.5 metres (87 ft) tall.[10]
References
[edit]- ^ Monckton, H W (1911). Berkshire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 47. ISBN 1107692288.
- ^ Farquhar, Francis P (2007). History of the Sierra Nevada. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. p. 88. ISBN 978-0520253957.
- ^ a b c d Levy, Ron. "Finchampstead – Wellingtonia Avenue". Redwood World. Retrieved 29 December 2013.
- ^ a b c Robinson, William (1924). The Garden. 88: 501.
{{cite journal}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ Slaughter, C (1916). The Berks, Bucks & Oxon Archæological Journal. 22: 27.
{{cite journal}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ "The River, Ridges & Recreation". Blackwater Valley Countryside Partnership. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
- ^ Binnie, Adam (8 December 2012). "New book examines family coach company". Watford Observer. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
- ^ "D-block GB-480000-162000". Domesday Reloaded. BBC. Retrieved 29 December 2013.
- ^ P.H. Ditchfield and William Page (eds) (1923). "Parishes: Finchampstead". A History of the County of Berkshire: Volume 3. Institute of Historical Research. Retrieved 29 December 2013.
{{cite web}}:|author=has generic name (help) - ^ a b c Elwes, Henry John (1908). The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland. 3: 708.
{{cite journal}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ Maxwell, Herbert. "Trees. A Woodland Notebook Containing Observations on Certain British and Exotic Trees". Retrieved 29 December 2013.