埃尔·格列柯 - 维基百科,自由的百科全书
![]() | 此條目的引用需要清理,使其符合格式。 (2013年12月30日) |
埃爾·格雷考 | |
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![]() 《一名老人的肖像》(推測為埃爾·格雷考之自畫像),約1595年–1600年,油彩 / 帆布,52.7 × 46.7 cm,美國紐約大都會藝術博物館 | |
出生 | 多米尼克·提托克波洛斯 Doménikos Theotokópoulos 1541年 威尼斯共和國克里特 |
逝世 | 1614年4月7日(72–73歲) 西班牙托雷多 |
国籍 | 西班牙 / 希臘 |
知名于 | 繪畫、雕塑、建築 |
知名作品 | 《脫掉基督的外衣》 (1577–1579) 《聖母昇天》 (1577–1579) 《歐貴茲伯爵的葬禮》 (1586–1588) 《托利多風景》 (1596–1600) 《聖馬丁與乞丐》(1597-1599) 《揭開第五印》 (1608–1614) |
运动 | 矯飾主義 |
埃爾·格雷考(西班牙語:El Greco,1541年—1614年4月7日),西班牙文藝復興時期畫家、雕塑家與建築家。「埃爾·格雷考」在西班牙文中意為「希臘人」,是依格雷考的希臘血統而取的別名;格雷考在畫作上通常署名以希臘文本名多米尼克·提托克波洛斯(希腊语:Δομήνικος Θεοτοκόπουλος,西班牙语:Doménikos Theotokópoulos)。
格雷考出生於後拜占庭藝術時期的克里特,當時為威尼斯共和國所治理。他原受傳統繪畫教育,直到26歲時,和許多希臘藝術家一樣,動身前往威尼斯旅行後畫風丕變[1]。1570年,格雷考遷居至羅馬,在當地經營一間工作坊、創作了一系列的作品。在此期間,格雷考受到威尼斯文藝復興的薰染,在畫風中融入了矯飾主義。1577年,他轉往西班牙托雷多發展,直到逝世。在托雷多,格雷考接受了些許重要的委託,並創作出他最著名的畫作。
格雷考兼具戲劇性與表現主義的畫風在當代並不受寵,但在20世紀獲肯。格雷考被公認是表現主義及立體主義先驅。格雷考被現代學者視為一極與眾不同、具高度個人色彩的藝術家,不屬任何傳統流派[2]。他的畫作以彎曲瘦長的身形為特色,用色怪誕而變幻無常,融合了拜占庭傳統與西方繪畫風格[3]。
著名作品
[编辑]- 天使报喜
- 慈善圣母
- 圣母无原罪
- 基督将货币兑换者赶出圣殿
- 基督使盲人复明
- 救世主基督
- 拉奥孔
- 手放在胸前的贵族
- 圣方济各接受圣痕
- 圣哲罗姆
- 圣哲罗姆
- 弗雷·霍坦西奥·费利克斯·帕拉维奇诺
- 比萨的弗朗西斯科博士肖像
- 有胡须者的肖像
引用
[编辑]參考文獻
[编辑]出版資料 (書與文章)
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- Meier-Graefe, Julius. The Spanish Journey (translated form German by J. Holroyd-Reece). 喬納森凱普出版社,倫敦. 1926.
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不匹配 (帮助) - Salas, X. de. The Velazquez Exhibition in Madrid. Burlington Magazine. February 1961, 103 (695): 54–57 [2010-01-08]. (原始内容存档于2009-03-15).
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線上資料
[编辑]- Alberge, Dalya. Collector Is Vindicated as Icon Is Hailed as El Greco. 線上時代雜誌. 2006-08-24 [2006-12-17].
- Berg, Liisa. El Greco in Toledo. [2006-10-14]. (原始内容存档于2009-05-28).
- Cormack, Robin; Vassilaki Maria. The Baptism of Christ New Light on Early El Greco. 阿波羅雜誌. August 2005 [2006-12-17]. (原始内容存档于2009-03-15).
- Art: Dominick the Greek. Time. January 1941 [2009-08-28]. (原始内容存档于2010-06-26).
- El Greco. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Department of European Paintings. [2006-10-17]. (原始内容存档于2007-01-12).
- El Greco Drawings could fetch £400,000. 衛報. 2002-11-23 [2006-12-17]. (原始内容存档于2007-03-10).
- Film on life of painter El Greco planned, Athens. 雅典通訊社. 2006-05-09 [2006-12-17]. (原始内容存档于2007-03-11).
- Greece buys unique El Greco for 1.2 million dollars, Athens. 雅典通訊社. 1995-06-09 [2006-12-07]. (原始内容存档于2007-09-29).
- Hamerman, Nora. El Greco Paintings Lead Toward 'City of God'. 天主教先驅報. 2003-12-04 [2006-12-17]. (原始内容存档于2007-09-27).
- Harrison, Helen A. Art Review; Getting in Touch With That Inner El Greco. 紐約時報. 2005-03-20 [2006-12-17]. (原始内容存档于2007-03-12).
- Horsley, Carter B. The Shock of the Old. [2006-10-26]. (原始内容存档于2006-11-12).
- Irving, Mark. How to Beat the Spanish Inquisition. 週日獨立報. 2004-02-08 [2006-12-17]. (原始内容存档于2007-10-13).
- Jones, Jonathan. The Reluctant Disciple. 衛報. 2004-01-24 [2006-12-18]. (原始内容存档于2006-09-02).
- Kakissis, Joanna. A Cretan Village that Was the Painter's Birthplace Bridles at a nearby Town's Claim. 波士頓環球報. 2005-03-06 [2006-12-17]. (原始内容存档于2005-03-11).
- Katimertzi, Paraskevi. Cubism and El Greco (Ta Nea). [2006-12-04]. (原始内容存档于2005-11-27).
- Kimmelman, Michael. Art Review; El Greco, Bearer Of Many Gifts. 紐約時報. 2003-10-03 [2006-12-17]. (原始内容存档于2007-03-11).
- McGarr, Simon. St Francis Receiving The Stigmata. [2006-11-24]. (原始内容存档于2007-02-07).
- Penny, Nicholas. At the National Gallery. [2006-10-25]. (原始内容存档于2006-12-10).
- Revelations — The first Major British Retrospective of El Greco Has the Power of a Hand Grenade. 衛報. 2004-02-10 [2006-12-17]. (原始内容存档于2007-10-13).
- Romaine, James. El Greco's Mystical Vision. [2006-11-24]. (原始内容存档于2006-12-14).
- Russel, John. Art View; Seeing the Art of El Greco as never before. 紐約時報. 1982-07-18 [2006-12-17]. (原始内容存档于2007-03-11).
延伸閱讀
[编辑]- Aznar, José Camón. Dominico Greco. Madrid. 1950.
- Davies, David (Editor), Elliott, John H. (Editor), Bray, Xavier (Contributor), Christiansen, Keith (Contributor), Finaldi, Gabriele (Contributor). El Greco (catalogue). National Gallery London. 2006. ISBN 1-85709-938-9.
- Marias, Fernando. El Greco in Toledo. Scala Publishers. 2005. ISBN 1-85759-210-7.
- Pallucchini, Rodolfo. II Polittico del Greco della R. Gallena Estense e la Formazione dell'Artista (in Italian). Gazzetta dell' Emilia. March 7, 1937, 13: 171–178.
- Prevelakis, Pandelis. Theotocópoulos—Biography (in Greek). Aetos. 1942.
- Rice, Talbot. El Greco and Byzantium. The New York Review of Books (The Burlington Magazine Publications, Ltd.). January 1937, 70 (406): 34+38–39.
外部連結
[编辑]- 埃爾·格雷考基金會 - 虛擬藝廊 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- 生平與旅行. 美國國家藝術館. [2006-10-25]. (原始内容存档于2006-11-10).
- 埃爾·格雷考. Olga's Gallery. [2007-02-26]. (原始内容存档于2007-02-22).
- 埃爾·格雷考 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- 埃爾·格雷考 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (希腊文)
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