銦的同位素 - 维基百科,自由的百科全书
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標準原子質量 (Ar, 標準) |
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銦(原子量:114.818)在自然界中由两种同位素组成,其中比较多的是有放射性,但半衰期长达4.41×1014年的115In,占了天然铟的95.7%,而稳定的113In只占了4.3%。在所有有稳定同位素的元素中,只有碲和铼同样有丰度比稳定同位素还高的放射性同位素。
除了115In以外,铟最长寿的放射性同位素是111In,半衰期为2.8047天。铟还有47种同核异构体,其中最长寿的是半衰期49.51天的114m1In。
铟-111可用作伽马摄影的放射性示踪剂,[2]也用于白血球造影,检测是否有隐藏的感染。
圖表
[编辑]符號 | Z | N | 同位素質量(u) [n 1][n 2] | 半衰期 [n 1][n 2][n 3] | 衰變 方式[3] | 衰變 產物 [n 4][n 5] | 原子核 自旋[n 1] | 相對豐度 (莫耳分率)[n 2] | 相對豐度 的變化量 (莫耳分率) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
激發能量[n 1][n 2] | |||||||||
97In | 49 | 48 | 96.94954(64)# | 5# ms | 9/2+# | ||||
98In | 49 | 49 | 97.94214(21)# | 45(23) ms [32(+32-11) ms] | β+ | 98Cd | 0+# | ||
98mIn | 0(500)# keV | 1.7(8) s [1.2(+12-4) s] | |||||||
99In | 49 | 50 | 98.93422(43)# | 3.1(8) s [3.0(+8-7) s] | β+ | 99Cd | 9/2+# | ||
99mIn | 400(150)# keV | 1# s | 1/2-# | ||||||
100In | 49 | 51 | 99.93111(27) | 5.9(2) s | β+ (96.1%) | 100Cd | (6,7)+ | ||
β+, p (3.9%) | 99Ag | ||||||||
101In | 49 | 52 | 100.92634(32)# | 15.1(3) s | β+ | 100Cd | 9/2+# | ||
β+, p | 100Ag | ||||||||
101mIn | 550(100)# keV | 10# s | 1/2-# | ||||||
102In | 49 | 53 | 101.92409(12) | 23.3(1) s | β+ (99.99%) | 102Cd | (6+) | ||
β+, p (.00929%) | 101Ag | ||||||||
103In | 49 | 54 | 102.919914(27) | 60(1) s | β+ | 103Cd | 9/2+# | ||
103mIn | 631.7(1) keV | 34(2) s | (1/2-)# | ||||||
104In | 49 | 55 | 103.91830(9) | 1.80(3) min | β+ | 104Cd | 5,6(+) | ||
104mIn | 93.48(10) keV | 15.7(5) s | IT (80%) | 104In | (3+) | ||||
β+ (20%) | 104Cd | ||||||||
105In | 49 | 56 | 104.914674(19) | 5.07(7) min | β+ | 105Cd | 9/2+ | ||
105mIn | 674.1(3) keV | 48(6) s | IT | 105In | (1/2)- | ||||
106In | 49 | 57 | 105.913465(13) | 6.2(1) min | β+ | 106Cd | 7+ | ||
106mIn | 28.6(3) keV | 5.2(1) min | β+ | 106Cd | (3+) | ||||
107In | 49 | 58 | 106.910295(12) | 32.4(3) min | β+ | 107Cd | 9/2+ | ||
107mIn | 678.5(3) keV | 50.4(6) s | IT | 107In | 1/2- | ||||
108In | 49 | 59 | 107.909698(10) | 58.0(12) min | β+ | 108Cd | 7+ | ||
108mIn | 29.75(5) keV | 39.6(7) min | β+ | 108Cd | 2+ | ||||
109In | 49 | 60 | 108.907151(6) | 4.2(1) h | β+ | 109Cd | 9/2+ | ||
109m1In | 650.1(3) keV | 1.34(7) min | IT | 109In | 1/2- | ||||
109m2In | 2101.8(2) keV | 209(6) ms | (19/2+) | ||||||
110In | 49 | 61 | 109.907165(13) | 4.9(1) h | β+ | 110Cd | 7+ | ||
110mIn | 62.1(5) keV | 69.1(5) min | β+ | 110Cd | 2+ | ||||
111In[n 6] | 49 | 62 | 110.905103(5) | 2.8047(5) d | ε | 111Cd | 9/2+ | ||
111mIn | 536.95(6) keV | 7.7(2) min | IT | 111In | 1/2- | ||||
112In | 49 | 63 | 111.905532(6) | 14.97(10) min | β+ (56%) | 112Cd | 1+ | ||
β− (44%) | 112Sn | ||||||||
112m1In | 156.59(5) keV | 20.56(6) min | β+ | 112Cd | 4+ | ||||
112m2In | 350.76(9) keV | 690(50) ns | 7+ | ||||||
112m3In | 613.69(14) keV | 2.81(3) µs | 8- | ||||||
113In | 49 | 64 | 112.904058(3) | 稳定 | 9/2+ | 0.0429(5) | |||
113mIn | 391.699(3) keV | 1.6579(4) h | IT | 113In | 1/2- | ||||
114In | 49 | 65 | 113.904914(3) | 71.9(1) s | β+ (99.5%) | 114Cd | 1+ | ||
β− (0.5%) | 114Sn | ||||||||
114m1In | 190.29(3) keV | 49.51(1) d | IT (96.75%) | 114In | 5+ | ||||
β+ (3.25%) | 114Cd | ||||||||
114m2In | 501.94(3) keV | 43.1(6) ms | IT (96.75%) | 114In | (8-) | ||||
β+ (3.25%) | 114Cd | ||||||||
114m3In | 641.72(3) keV | 4.3(4) µs | (7+) | ||||||
115 In [n 7][n 8] | 49 | 66 | 114.903878(5) | 4.41(25)×1014 a | β− | 115Sn | 9/2+ | 0.9571(5) | |
115mIn | 336.244(17) keV | 4.486(4) h | IT (95%) | 115In | 1/2- | ||||
β− (5%) | 115Sn | ||||||||
116In | 49 | 67 | 115.905260(5) | 14.10(3) s | β− | 116Sn | 1+ | ||
ε | 116Cd | ||||||||
116m1In | 127.267(6) keV | 54.29(17) min | 5+ | ||||||
116m2In | 289.660(6) keV | 2.18(4) s | 8- | ||||||
117In | 49 | 68 | 116.904514(6) | 43.2(3) min | β− | 117Sn | 9/2+ | ||
117mIn | 315.302(12) keV | 116.2(3) min | β− (52.91%) | 117Sn | 1/2- | ||||
IT (47.09%) | 117In | ||||||||
118In | 49 | 69 | 117.906354(9) | 5.0(5) s | β− | 118Sn | 1+ | ||
118m1In | 100(50)# keV | 4.364(7) min | β− | 118Sn | 5+ | ||||
118m2In | 240(50)# keV | 8.5(3) s | 8- | ||||||
119In | 49 | 70 | 118.905845(8) | 2.4(1) min | β− | 119Sn | 9/2+ | ||
119m1In | 311.37(3) keV | 18.0(3) min | β− (94.4%) | 119Sn | 1/2- | ||||
IT (5.6%) | 119In | ||||||||
119m2In | 654.27(7) keV | 130(15) ns | 1/2+,3/2+ | ||||||
120In | 49 | 71 | 119.90796(4) | 3.08(8) s | β− | 120Sn | 1+ | ||
120m1In | 50(60)# keV | 46.2(8) s | 5+ | ||||||
120m2In | 300(200)# keV | 47.3(5) s | β− | 120Sn | 8(-) | ||||
121In | 49 | 72 | 120.907846(29) | 23.1(6) s | β− | 121Sn | 9/2+ | ||
121mIn | 312.98(8) keV | 3.88(10) min | β− (98.8%) | 121Sn | 1/2- | ||||
IT (1.2%) | 121In | ||||||||
122In | 49 | 73 | 121.91028(5) | 1.5(3) s | β− | 122Sn | 1+ | ||
122m1In | 40(60)# keV | 10.3(6) s | 5+ | ||||||
122m2In | 290(140) keV | 10.8(4) s | β− | 122Sn | 8- | ||||
123In | 49 | 74 | 122.910438(26) | 6.17(5) s | β− | 123mSn | (9/2)+ | ||
123mIn | 327.21(4) keV | 47.4(4) s | β− | 123mSn | (1/2)- | ||||
124In | 49 | 75 | 123.91318(5) | 3.11(10) s | β− | 124Sn | 3+ | ||
124mIn | -20(70) keV | 3.7(2) s | β− | 124Sn | (8)(-#) | ||||
IT | 124In | ||||||||
125In | 49 | 76 | 124.91360(3) | 2.36(4) s | β− | 125mSn | 9/2+ | ||
125mIn | 360.12(9) keV | 12.2(2) s | β− | 125Sn | 1/2(-) | ||||
126In | 49 | 77 | 125.91646(4) | 1.53(1) s | β− | 126Sn | 3(+#) | ||
126mIn | 100(60) keV | 1.64(5) s | β− | 126Sn | 8(-#) | ||||
127In | 49 | 78 | 126.91735(4) | 1.09(1) s | β− (99.97%) | 127mSn | 9/2(+) | ||
β−, n (.03%) | 126Sn | ||||||||
127mIn | 460(70) keV | 3.67(4) s | β− (99.31%) | 127mSn | (1/2-) | ||||
β−, n (.69%) | 126Sn | ||||||||
128In | 49 | 79 | 127.92017(5) | 0.84(6) s | β− (99.96%) | 128Sn | (3)+ | ||
β−, n (.038%) | 127Sn | ||||||||
128m1In | 247.87(10) keV | 10(7) ms | (1)- | ||||||
128m2In | 320(60) keV | 720(100) ms | β− | 128Sn | (8-) | ||||
129In | 49 | 80 | 128.92170(5) | 611(4) ms | β− (99.75%) | 129Sn | 9/2+# | ||
β−, n (.25%) | 128Sn | ||||||||
129m1In | 380(70) keV | 1.23(3) s | β− (97.2%) | 129Sn | (1/2-)# | ||||
β−, n (2.5%) | 128Sn | ||||||||
IT (.3%) | 129In | ||||||||
129m2In | 1688.0(5) keV | 8.5(5) µs | 17/2- | ||||||
130In | 49 | 81 | 129.92497(4) | 0.29(2) s | β− (98.35%) | 130Sn | 1(-) | ||
β−, n (1.65%) | 129Sn | ||||||||
130m1In | 50(50) keV | 538(5) ms | 10-# | ||||||
130m2In | 400(60) keV | 0.54(1) s | (5+) | ||||||
131In | 49 | 82 | 130.92685(3) | 0.28(3) s | β− (97.8%) | 131Sn | (9/2+) | ||
β−, n (2.19%) | 130Sn | ||||||||
131m1In | 363(37) keV | 0.35(5) s | (1/2-) | ||||||
131m2In | 4.10(7) MeV | 320(60) ms | (19/2+ to 23/2+) | ||||||
132In | 49 | 83 | 131.93299(7) | 206(4) ms | β− (94.8%) | 132Sn | (7-) | ||
β−, n (5.2%) | 131Sn | ||||||||
133In | 49 | 84 | 132.93781(32)# | 165(3) ms | β−, n (85%) | 132Sn | (9/2+) | ||
β− (15%) | 133Sn | ||||||||
133mIn | 330(40)# keV | 180# ms | IT | 133In | (1/2-) | ||||
134In | 49 | 85 | 133.94415(43)# | 140(4) ms | β− (79%) | 134Sn | |||
β−, n (17%) | 133Sn | ||||||||
β−, 2n (4%) | 132Sn | ||||||||
135In | 49 | 86 | 134.94933(54)# | 92(10) ms | 9/2+# |
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的証明,僅為理論推測。
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 用括號括起來的數據代表不確定性。
- ^ 半衰期超过5亿年的同位素以粗體表示。
- ^ 穩定的衰變產物以粗體表示。
- ^ 半衰期超过5亿年的衰变产物以粗斜体表示。
- ^ 用于核医学
- ^ 裂变产物
- ^ 原始放射性核素
← | 同位素列表 | → |
鎘的同位素 | 銦的同位素 | 錫的同位素 |
参考文獻
[编辑]- ^ Meija, Juris; et al. Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
- ^ Octreoscan review. Medscape. [2023-05-05]. (原始内容存档于2017-02-12).
- ^ 存档副本. [2015-09-17]. (原始内容存档于2017-02-19).
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆).
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (retrieved Sept. 2005).
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