February 1867 North German federal election

February 1867 North German federal election
← 1848 12 February 1867 (1867-02-12) Aug 1867 →
All 297 seats in the Reichstag
149 seats needed for a majority
Turnout~65% (in Prussian constituencies)
  First party Second party Third party
 
DKP
DRP
Leader Rudolf von Bennigsen Eduard Georg von Bethusy-Huc
(nominal)
Party NlP Conservatives DRP
Leader since 1867 1866
Seats won 78 63 39
Popular vote 753,758 629,360 348,537
Percentage 20.19% 16.86% 9.33%
  Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party
 
Polen
Leader Georg von Vincke Benedict Waldeck
Party Old Liberals DFP Polish Party
Leader since 1858 1867
Seats won 31 19 13
Popular vote 265,670 276,321 209,382
Percentage 7.12% 7.40% 5.61%
Map of results (by constituencies)
President of the Reichstag after election

Eduard von Simson
Independent

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Elections to the Constituent Reichstag of the North German Confederation were held on 12 February 1867, with run-off elections during the following weeks. The National Liberal Party emerged as the largest party, winning 80 seats and receiving strong support in Hanover, Kassel and Nassau.[1] Voter turnout was around 65% in Prussian constituencies.[2] After the Constituent Reichstag had drawn up and agreed a constitution, fresh elections were held in August.

Electoral system

[edit]

The North German Confederation were divided into 297 single-member electoral constituencies. Elections were conducted under the two-round system. All men over the age of 25, who were in full enjoyment of their civil rights, who were resident in the place of election and had nationality in one of the States belonging to the Confederation for at least three years, who were not under guardianship or curate, who were not engaged in bankruptcy proceedings, and who were not in receipt of public assistance were eligible to vote.[2]

Results

[edit]

The Free Conservative Party, the National Liberal Party, the German Progress Party, and the Old Liberals, all of them in support of the policies of Otto von Bismarck, won a clear majority of seats. On the other hand, in the recently annexed Prussian provinces of Schleswig-Holstein and Hanover, Federal-Constitutional candidates achieved electoral successes. The Saxon People's Party, the predecessor of the Social Democratic Party of Germany, entered the parliament with two representatives.[3]

2
19
23
31
2
13
78
9
9
39
9
63
PartyVotes%Seats
National Liberal Party753,75820.1978
Conservative Party629,36016.8663
Other Liberals379,49910.160
Free Conservative Party348,5379.3339
Independent Conservatives345,9659.279
Progress Party276,3217.4019
Old Liberals265,6707.1231
Polish Party209,3825.6113
Independent Liberals190,8155.1123
German-Hanoverian Party111,7812.999
Clericals87,3652.349
Danish Party27,4930.742
Saxon People's Party22,9180.612
General German Workers' Association21,5100.580
Lassallean General German Workers' Association3,0000.080
Others39,3411.050
Unknown21,2020.570
Total3,733,917100.00297
Source: Wahlen in Deutschland

Parliamentary groups

[edit]

Two separate parliamentary groups would later be formed: the Free Association out of 11 liberals and 3 conservatives; and the Federal-Constitutional Association, out of 7 Schleswig-Holstein particularist liberals, one other liberal, 4 clericals, all 9 German-Hanoverians, and one independent conservative.

Elected representatives

[edit]

Prussia[4]

[edit]
Kingdom of Prussia
Province of Prussia – Königsberg Region
1 Memel, Heydekrug Helmuth von Moltke KP
2 Labiau, Wehlau Friedrich Karl of Prussia independent conservative
3 Königsberg – City Eduard Vogel von Falckenstein KP
4 Königsberg – District, Fischhausen Otto Karl von Hüllessem-Meerscheidt KP
5 Heiligenbeil, Preußisch Eylau Willibald von Kalckstein KP
6 Braunsberg, Heilsberg Adalbert Kraetzig FKV
7 Preußisch Holland, Mohrungen Alexander von Below KP
8 Osterode, Neidenburg Alexander von Lavergne-Peguilhen KP
9 Allenstein, Rößel August Uedinck Old Liberal
10 Rastenburg, Friedland, Gerdauen Max von Romberg KP
Province of Prussia – Gumbinnen Region
1 Tilsit, Niederung Otto von Keyserlingk zu Rautenburg KP
2 Ragnit, Pillkallen Hermann Schmalz KP
3 Gumbinnen, Insterburg Reinhardt Vieth KP
4 Stallupoenen, Goldap, Darkehmen Ferdinand Synold von Schüz KP
5 Angerburg, Lötzen Karl von Lehndorff KP
6 Oletzko, Lyck, Johannisburg George William von Simpson KP
7 Sensburg, Ortelsburg Gotthard von Tyszka KP
Province of Prussia – Danzig Region
1 Marienburg, Elbląg Wilhelm von Brauchitsch KP
2 Danzig - District Achatius von Auerswald KP
3 Danzig - City Heinrich Wilhelm Martens independent liberal
4 Neustadt, Karthaus Emil Czarliński Pole
5 Berent, Preußisch Stargard Hiacynt Jackowski Pole
Province of Prussia – Marienwerder Region
1 Marienwerder, Stuhm Teodor Donimirski Pole
2 Rosenberg, Löbau Siegfried von Brünneck-Bellschwitz KP
3 Graudenz, Strasburg Julius von Hennig NLP
4 Thorn, Kulm Friedrich Meyer NLP
5 Schwetz Alexander Wisselinck NLP
6 Konitz Feliks Dekowski Pole
7 Schlochau, Flatow Carl von Königsmarck KP
8 Deutsch Krone Botho zu Eulenburg KP
Berlin
1 Alt-Berlin, Friedrichstadt - North,

Cölln, Friedrichswerder, Dorotheenstadt

Eduard Lasker NLP
2 Schöneberg, Friedrichsvorstadt, Friedrichstadt - South, Tempelhof Benedikt Waldeck DFP
3 Luisenstadt, Neukölln Moritz Wiggers DFP
4 Luisenstadt, Stralauer Vorstadt, Königsstadt - East Heinrich Runge DFP
5 Spandauer Vorstadt, Königsstadt - West,

Friedrich-Wilhelm-Stadt

Franz Duncker DFP
6 Wedding, Gesundbrunnen, Moabit, Oranienburger Vorstadt, Rosenthaler Vorstadt Hermann Schulze-Delitzsch DFP
Province of Brandenburg – Potsdam Region
1 Westprignitz Julius von Jagow idenpendent conservative
2 Ostprignitz Paul Persius KP
3 Ruppin, Templin Alfred von dem Knesebeck FKV
4 Prenzlau, Angermünde Oskar von Arnim-Kröchlendorff FKV
5 Oberbarnim Rudolf Pannier NLP
6 Niederbarnim Carl von Treskow KP
7 Potsdam, Osthavelland Gustav von Jagow KP
8 Westhavelland Ludwig von Bredow KP
9 Zauch-Belzig, Jüterbog-Luckenwalde Curt von Watzdorf KP
10 Teltow, Beeskow-Storkow Albrecht von Roon KP
Province of Brandenburg – Frankfurt Region
1 Arnswalde, Friedeberg Ludwig von Wedemeyer KP
2 Landsberg, Soldin Hermann Hans von Vaerst NLP
3 Königsberg Wilhelm Adolf Lette NLP
4 Frankfurt, Lebus Eduard von Simson NLP
5 Sternberg Eduard von Waldow und Reitzenstein KP
6 Zullichau-Schwiebus, Crossen Karl Friedrich von Steinmetz KP
7 Guben, Lübben Julius Wilhelm von Beerfelde KP
8 Sorau Henning von Puttkamer NLP
9 Cottbus, Spremberg Hans Köster KP
10 Calau, Luckau Friedrich zu Solms-Baruth KP
Province of Pomerania – Stettin Region
1 Demmin, Anklam Maximilian von Schwerin-Putzar NLP
2 Ueckermünde, Usedom-Wollin Otto Michaelis NLP
3 Stettin – District, Greifenhagen Otto Stavenhagen KP
4 Stettin – City Gustav Müller independent liberal
5 Pyritz, Saatzig Wilhelm von Schöning KP
6 Naugard, Regenwalde Moritz von Blanckenburg KP
7 Greifenberg, Kammin Gerhard von Thadden KP
Province of Pomerania – Köslin Region
1 Stolp, Lauenburg Hans Hugo Erdmann von Gottberg KP
2 Bütow, Rummelsburg, Schlawe Werner von Blumenthal-Suckow KP
3 Fürstenthum Carl Friedrich von Denzin KP
4 Belgard, Schivelbein, Dramburg Heinrich Leonhard von Arnim-Heinrichsdorf KP
5 Neustettin Hermann Wagener KP
Province of Pomerania – Stralsund Region
1 Rügen, Franzburg Bernhard Hinrichs NLP
2 Greifswald, Grimmen Eduard Baumstark Old Liberal
Province of Posen – Posen Region
1 Posen Stanisław Motty Pole
2 Samter, Birnbaum, Obornik Theodor von Bethmann-Hollweg Old Liberal
3 Meseritz, Bomst Hans Wilhelm von Unruhe-Bomst FKV
4 Buk, Kosten Stanisław Chłapowski Pole
5 Kröben Roman Czartoryski Pole
6 Fraustadt Maximilian von Puttkamer NLP
7 Schrimm, Schroda Zygmunt Szułdrzyński Pole
8 Wreschen, Pleschen Władysław Niegolewski Pole
9 Krotoschin Aleksander Graeve Pole
10 Adelnau, Schildberg Juliusz Pilaski Pole
Province of Posen – Bromberg Region
1 Czarnikau, Chodziesen Rudolf von Kehler Old Liberal
2 Wirsitz, Schubin Carl von Saenger Old Liberal
3 Bromberg Hermann von Leipziger NLP
4 Inowrazlaw, Mogilno Kazimierz Kantak Pole
5 Gnesen, Wongrowitz Leon Wegner Pole
Province of Silesia – Breslau Region
1 Guhrau, Steinau, Wohlau Leopold von Frankenberg-Ludwigsdorf KP
2 Militsch, Trebnitz August von Maltzan FKV
3 Gross Wartenberg, Oels Konrad Adolf von Dyhrn Old Liberal
4 Namslau, Brieg Gustav Riedel Old Liberal
5 Ohlau, Strehlen, Nimptsch Karl von Vincke Old Liberal
6 Breslau – East Max Simon DFP
7 Breslau – West Wilhelm Bouneß DFP
8 Neumarkt, Breslau – District Ernst Wachler NLP
9 Strigau, Schweidnitz Karl von Pückler-Burghauß KP
10 Waldenburg Leonor Reichenheim NLP
11 Reichenbach, Neurode Karl Twesten NLP
12 Glatz, Habelschwerdt Franz Künzer FKV
13 Frankenstein, Münsterberg Ludwig Gitzler FKV
Province of Silesia – Oppeln Region
1 Kreuzburg, Rosenberg Eduard Georg von Bethusy-Huc FKV
2 Oppeln Viktor I, Duke of Ratibor FKV
3 Groß Strehlitz, Cosel Johannes Maria von Renard FKV
4 Lublinitz, Gleiwitz Hugo zu Hohenlohe-Öhringen FKV
5 Beuthen – North Guido Henckel von Donnersmarck NLP
6 Beuthen – South Wilhelm Ulrich independent catholic
7 Pleß, Rybnik Hans von Pleß FKV
8 Ratibor Karl von Lichnowsky FKV
9 Leobschütz Wilhelm Wolff Free Association
10 Neustadt Hans von Oppersdorff FKV
11 Falkenberg, Grottkau Friedrich von Frankenberg und Ludwigsdorf FKV
12 Neisse Karl Rudolf Friedenthal Old Liberal
Province of Silesia – Liegnitz Region
1 Grunberg, Freystadt Ernst von Grävenitz KP
2 Sagan, Sprottau Hans zur Megede Free Association
3 Glogau Adalbert Falk Old Liberal
4 Lüben, Bunzlau Hermann zu Dohna-Kotzenau NLP
5 Löwenberg Georges von Cottenet KP
6 Liegnitz, Goldberg-Haynau Reinhold Aßmann NLP
7 Landeshut, Jauer, Bolkenhain Eberhard zu Stolberg-Wernigerode KP
8 Schönau, Hirschberg Richard Roepell NLP
9 Görlitz, Lauban Albert von Carlowitz Free Association
10 Rothenburg, Hoyerswerda Otto Theodor von Seydewitz KP
Province of Saxony – Magdeburg Region
1 Salzwedel, Gardelegen Werner von der Schulenburg-Beetzendorf KP
2 Stendal, Osterburg Wilhelm von Bismarck-Briest KP
3 Jerichow Otto von Bismarck independent conservative
4 Magdeburg Hans Victor von Unruh NLP
5 Neuhaldensleben, Wolmirstedt Max von Forckenbeck NLP
6 Wanzleben Wilhelm Franz FKV
7 Aschersleben, Calbe Adolph von Dietze FKV
8 Halberstadt, Oschersleben, Wernigerode Otto Graf zu Stolberg-Wernigerode independent conservative
Province of Saxony – Merseburg Region
1 Liebenwerda, Torgau Max von Seydewitz KP
2 Schweinitz, Wittenberg Ferdinand Lucke KP
3 Bitterfeld, Delitzsch Wilhelm von Rauchhaupt KP
4 Halle (Saale), Saalkreis Maximilian Duncker Old Liberal
5 Mansfeld Johann Gottfried Boltze Old Liberal
6 Sangerhausen, Eckartsberga Hermann Jüngken NLP
7 Querfurt, Merseburg Johannes Moritz Wölfel NLP
8 Naumburg, Weißenfels, Zeitz Lothar von Wurmb KP
Province of Saxony – Erfurt Region
1 Nordhausen Eugen Richter DFP
2 Heiligenstadt, Worbis Albrecht Bernhard Frantz FKV
3 Mühlhausen, Langensalza, Weißensee Friedrich Bernhard von Hagke FKV
4 Erfurt, Schleusingen, Ziegenrück Gustav Freytag NLP
Province of Schleswig-Holstein
1 Hadersleben, Sonderburg Hans Andersen Krüger Dane
2 Apenrade, Flensburg Nicolay Ahlmann Dane
3 Schleswig, Eckernförde Eduard von Baudissin Federal-Constitutional Association
4 Tondern, Husum, Eiderstedt Carl Philipp Francke Federal-Constitutional Association
5 Dithmarschen, Steinburg Adolf von Warnstedt Federal-Constitutional Association
6 Pinneberg, Segeberg Friedrich Heinrich Otto Jensen Federal-Constitutional Association
7 Kiel, Rendsburg Ludwig Christian Schrader Federal-Constitutional Association
8 Altona, Stormarn Rudolf Schleiden Federal-Constitutional Association
9 Oldenburg in Holstein, Plön Conrad Johann Bokelmann Federal-Constitutional Association
Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg
1 Saxe-Lauenburg Caspar Wulff NLP
Province of Hanover
1 Emden, Leer, Norden, Weener Ysaak Brons independent liberal
2 Aurich, Wittmund, Rudolph Schepler KP
3 Meppen, Lingen, Bentheim, Aschendorf, Hümmling Ludwig Windthorst Federal-Constitutional Association
4 Osnabrück, Bersenbrück, Iburg Johannes von Miquel NLP
5 Melle, Diepholz, Wittlage, Sulingen Ernst von Hammerstein-Loxten Federal-Constitutional Association
6 Syke, Hoya, Verden, Achim Wilhelm von Hammerstein Federal-Constitutional Association
7 Nienburg, Neustadt am Rübenberge, Fallingbostel, Stolzenau Friedrich von Bothmer Federal-Constitutional Association
8 Hannover, Linden – City Alexander von Münchhausen Federal-Constitutional Association
9 Hameln, Linden – District, Springe Alexander von Rössing Federal-Constitutional Association
10 Hildesheim, Marienburg, Alfeld (Leine), Gronau Hermann Roemer NLP
11 Einbeck, Northeim, Osterode am Harz, Uslar Adolf Ellissen NLP
12 Göttingen, Duderstadt, Münden Heinrich Albert Zachariä Federal-Constitutional Association
13 Goslar, Zellerfeld, Ilfeld Hermann König NLP
14 Gifhorn, Celle, Peine, Burgdorf Gottlieb Planck NLP
15 Lüchow, Uelzen, Dannenberg, Isenhagen Ehrenreich Eichholz Federal-Constitutional Association
16 Lüneburg, Soltau, Winsen, Bleckede Carl Erxleben Federal-Constitutional Association
17 Harburg, Rotenburg, Zeven, Lilienthal August Grumbrecht NLP
18 Stade, Geestemünde, Bremervörde, Osterholz, Blumenthal Adolph Weber NLP
19 Neuhaus (Oste), Hadeln, Lehe, Kehdingen, Jork Rudolf von Bennigsen NLP
Province of Westphalia – Münster Region
1 Tecklenburg, Steinfurt, Ahaus Wilhelm Rohden Free Association
2 Münster, Coesfeld Karl von Kleinsorgen Free Association
3 Borken, Recklinghausen Adolph Winkelmann Free Association
4 Lüdinghausen, Beckum, Warendorf Hermann von Mallinckrodt Federal-Constitutional Association
Province of Westphalia – Minden Region
1 Minden, Lübbecke, Jadegebiet Kuno von der Goltz KP
2 Herford, Halle (Westfalen) Karl von Bodelschwingh-Velmede KP
3 Bielefeld, Wiedenbrück Bernhard Bessel KP
4 Paderborn, Büren Reinhard Franz von und zu Brenken FKV
5 Höxter, Warburg Johann Kayser Free Association
Province of Westphalia – Arnsberg Region
1 Wittgenstein, Siegen, Biedenkopf Albert von Dörnberg Old Liberal
2 Olpe, Arnsberg, Meschede Peter Reichensperger independent catholic
3 Altena, Iserlohn Heinrich Wilhelm von Holtzbrinck KP
4 Hagen Georg von Vincke Old Liberal
5 Bochum Adolf von Pilgrim FKV
6 Dortmund Hermann Heinrich Becker DFP
7 Hamm, Soest Florens von Bockum-Dolffs Free Association
8 Lippstadt, Brilon Ferdinand von Galen FKV
Province of Hesse-Nassau – Wiesbaden Region
1 Usingen, Idstein, Königstein, Höchst, Hochheim, August Hergenhahn NLP
2 Wiesbaden, Wehen, Langenschwalbach, Rüdesheim, Eltville Karl Braun NLP
3 St. Goarshausen, Braubach, Nastätten, Montabaur, Wallmerod, Nassau Ludwig Born NLP
4 Limburg, Weilburg, Diez, Runkel, Hadamar Johannes Knapp NLP
5 Dillenburg, Herborn, Rennerod, Marienberg, Selters, Hachenburg Friedrich von Schwartzkoppen NLP
6 Frankfurt Mayer Carl von Rothschild independent conservative
Province of Hesse-Nassau – Kassel Region
1 Rinteln, Hofgeismar, Wolfhagen Friedrich Oetker NLP
2 Kassel, Melsungen Hermann Weigel NLP
3 Fritzlar, Homberg, Ziegenhain Eduard Wiegand NLP
4 Eschwege, Schmalkalden, Witzenhausen Richard Harnier NLP
5 Marburg, Frankenberg, Kirchhain Wilhelm Jungermann NLP
6 Hersfeld, Rotenburg, Hünfeld August Braun NLP
7 Fulda, Schlüchtern, Gersfeld Franz Rang Free Association
8 Hanau, Gelnhausen Wilhelm Schenck zu Schweinsberg Old Liberal
Rhine Province – Köln Region
1 Köln – City Eugen Theodor Thisse independent catholic
2 Köln – District Johann Peter Weygold Free Association
3 Bergheim, Euskirchen Clemens August Schröder FKV
4 Rheinbach, Bonn Carl Ludwig von Proff-Irnich Free Association
5 Siegkreis, Waldbröl Aloys Dauzenberg Free Association
6 Mülheim, Gummersbach, Wipperfürth Maximilian von Nesselrode-Ehreshoven FKV
Rhine Province – Düsseldorf Region
1 Lennep, Mettmann Heinrich von Sybel NLP
2 Elberfeld, Barmen Rudolf von Gneist NLP
3 Solingen Josef Lambert Trip DFP
4 Düsseldorf Alfred Groote independent liberal
5 Essen Friedrich Leopold Devens FKV
6 Duisburg Justus von Gruner independent liberal
7 Moers, Rees Hermann vom Rath Old Liberal
8 Kleve, Geldern Maximilian August von Loë FKV
9 Kempen Friedrich Michelis independent catholic
10 Gladbach Franz Josef Kratz Free Association
11 Krefeld Carl Hermann Kanngießer NLP
12 Neuss, Grevenbroich Hermann Seul FKV
Rhine Province – Koblenz Region
1 Wetzlar, Altenkirchen Ludwig zu Solms-Hohensolms-Lich FKV
2 Neuwied Clemens Hosius NLP
3 Koblenz, St. Goar Jakob Raitz von Frentz FKV
4 Kreuznach, Simmern Otto Agricola FKV
5 Mayen, Ahrweiler Ludwig Delius NLP
6 Adenau, Cochem, Zell Friedrich von Spankeren NLP
Rhine Province – Trier Region
1 Daun, Bitburg, Prüm Johann Jacob Alff-Becker independent catholic
2 Wittlich, Bernkastel Karl Eberhard Herwarth von Bittenfeld KP
3 Trier Eduard Puricelli FKV
4 Saarlouis, Merzig, Saarburg Karl Heyl independent liberal
5 Saarbrücken Otto Ludwig Krug von Nidda FKV
6 Ottweiler, St. Wendel, Meisenheim Carl Ferdinand von Stumm-Halberg FKV
Rhine Province – Aachen Region
1 Schleiden, Malmedy, Montjoie Carl Josef Holzer FKV
2 Eupen, Aachen – District Friedrich Bloemer independent liberal
3 Aachen – City Jacob Scherer FKV
4 Düren, Jülich Franz Jakob von Hilgers Free Association
5 Geilenkirchen, Heinsberg, Erkelenz Alfred Polycarp von Hompesch FKV
Province of Hohenzollern
1 Sigmaringen, Hechingen, Haigerloch, Gammertingen August Evelt Old Liberal

Saxony[4]

[edit]
Kingdom of Saxony
1 Zittau, Herrnhut, Reichenau Christian Riedel DFP
2 Löbau, Schirgiswalde, Ebersbach Heinrich Erdmann August von Thielau FKV
3 Bautzen, Kamenz, Bischofswerda Hermann von Salza FKV
4 Dresden – right bank of Elbe, Radeberg, Radeburg Friedrich Oskar von Schwarze Old Liberal
5 Dresden – left bank of Elbe Franz Jacob Wigard DFP
6 Dresden – District, Dippoldiswalde, Wilsdruff Wilhelm Michael Schaffrath DFP
7 Meissen, Großenhain, Riesa Ludwig von Zehmen FKV
8 Pirna, Sebnitz, Schandau Theodor Reuning Old Liberal
9 Freiberg, Hainichen, Frauenstein Friedrich Raimund Sachße Old Liberal
10 Döbeln, Nossen, Leisnig Wilhelm Oehmichen independent liberal
11 Oschatz, Wurzen, Grimma Theodor Günther independent liberal
12 Leipzig – City Carl Georg von Wächter independent liberal
13 Leipzig – District, Taucha, Markranstädt, Zwenkau Carl Friedrich von Gerber Old Liberal
14 Borna, Geithain, Rochlitz Karl Wilhelm Gebert Old Liberal
15 Mittweida, Frankenberg, Augustusburg Ludwig Haberkorn independent conservative
16 Chemnitz Franz Xaver Rewitzer DFP
17 Glauchau, Meerane, Hohenstein-Ernstthal August Bebel SVP
18 Zwickau, Crimmitschau, Werdau Reinhold Schraps SVP
19 Stollberg, Schneeberg, Geyer Heinrich Minckwitz DFP
20 Marienberg, Sayda, Zschopau Eli Evans DFP
21 Annaberg, Schwarzenberg, Johanngeorgenstadt Scipio Agricola Herbig Old Liberal
22 Auerbach, Lengenfeld, Reichenbach Julius Leonhard Heubner DFP
23 Plauen, Oelsnitz, Klingenthal Karl Braun Old Liberal

Other states[4]

[edit]
Grand Duchy of Hesse (Province of Upper Hesse only)
1 Giessen, Grünberg, Nidda Adalbert Nordeck zur Rabenau Old Liberal
2 Friedberg, Büdingen, Vilbel Georg Buderus NLP
3 Lauterbach, Alsfeld, Schotten Otto zu Solms-Laubach Old Liberal
Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
1 Hagenow, Grevesmühlen Otto Wachenhusen NLP
2 Schwerin, Wismar Edo Heinrich von Thünen NLP
3 Parchim, Ludwigslust Ludwig Georg von Oertzen independent conservative
4 Malchin, Waren Henning von Bassewitz independent conservative
5 Rostock, Doberan Karl Prosch NLP
6 Güstrow, Ribnitz Julius Wiggers NLP
Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
1 Weimar, Apolda Hugo Friedrich Fries NLP
2 Eisenach, Dermbach Hermann Hering NLP
3 Jena, Neustadt an der Orla Christian Bernhard von Watzdorf independent liberal
Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Neustrelitz, Neubrandenburg, Schönberg Franz Pogge NLP
Grand Duchy of Oldenburg
1 Oldenburg, Eutin, Birkenfeld Carl Julius Dannenberg NLP
2 Jever, Brake, Westerstede, Varel, Elsfleth, Landwürden Hermann Gerhard Müller NLP
3 Vechta, Delmenhorst, Cloppenburg, Wildeshausen, Friesoythe Arnold Kitz Federal-Constitutional Association
Duchy of Brunswick
1 Braunschweig, Blankenburg Wilhelm Bode NLP
2 Helmstedt, Wolfenbüttel Adolf Ernst Theodor Müller NLP
3 Holzminden, Gandersheim Albert Schmid NLP
Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen
1 Meiningen, Hildburghausen Julius Hoffmann NLP
2 Sonneberg, Saalfeld Eduard Rückert NLP
Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg
Altenburg, Roda Gustav Richard Wagner NLP
Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
1 Coburg Friedrich Forkel NLP
2 Gotha Carl Ausfeld DFP
Duchy of Anhalt
1 Dessau, Zerbst August Köppe NLP
2 Bernburg, Köthen, Ballenstedt Gustav Holzmann NLP
Principality of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
Königsee, Frankenhausen Adolph Baumbach NLP
Principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
Sondershausen, Arnstadt, Gehren, Ebeleben Günther Keyser Old Liberal
Principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont
Waldeck, Pyrmont Ludwig Severin NLP
Principality of Reuss Elder Line
Greiz, Burgk Karl Salzmann NLP
Principality of Reuss Younger Line
Gera, Schleiz Karl Bernhard Jäger NLP
Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe
Bückeburg, Stadthagen Julius Martin Weißich NLP
Principality of Lippe
Detmold, Lemgo Alexander von Oheimb KP
Hanseatic City of Lübeck
Lübeck Christoph Gotthard Görtz NLP
Free Hanseatic City of Bremen
Bremen, Bremerhaven Hermann Heinrich Meier NLP
Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg
1 Neustadt, St. Pauli Charles Ami de Chapeaurouge NLP
2 Altstadt, St. Georg, Hammerbrook Anton Rée DFP
3 Bergedorf, Ritzebüttel Robert Miles Sloman NLP

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Helmut Walser Smith (2011) The Oxford Handbook of Modern German History Oxford University Press, p294
  2. ^ a b Smith, p293
  3. ^ "Reichstag 1867-1918 - Konstituierender Reichstag des Norddeutschen Bundes 1867". www.wahlen-in-deutschland.de. Retrieved 3 April 2025.
  4. ^ a b c Hirth, Georg (26 October 2021). Hirth's Parlaments-Almanach (in German) (2nd ed.). Salzwasser-Verlag Gmbh. ISBN 978-3752542943.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
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